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GIS in Development Sector

GIS can help with sustainable development through spatial planning, integration of data, and participatory monitoring. It allows for the collection and analysis of spatial data from various stakeholders to inform decision making across scales. Some challenges India faces in development are population growth, poverty, illiteracy, and lack of infrastructure. GIS supports sustainable development by providing an integrated, multidisciplinary tool to evaluate plans and measure progress towards goals over time.

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Nadeer Muhammed
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126 views19 pages

GIS in Development Sector

GIS can help with sustainable development through spatial planning, integration of data, and participatory monitoring. It allows for the collection and analysis of spatial data from various stakeholders to inform decision making across scales. Some challenges India faces in development are population growth, poverty, illiteracy, and lack of infrastructure. GIS supports sustainable development by providing an integrated, multidisciplinary tool to evaluate plans and measure progress towards goals over time.

Uploaded by

Nadeer Muhammed
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GIS in Development Sector edit Master subtitle style Click to

7/13/12

GIS definitions

Demers, 2000: GIS are tools that allow for the processing of spatial data into information, generally information tied explicitly to, and used to make decision about, some portion of the earth.

A data input subsystem A data storage and retrieval subsystem A data manipulation and analysis subsystem

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Developm ent Development is defined as the modification of the


biosphere and the application of human, financial, technologies, living and non-living resources to satisfy human needs and improve the quality of life of the human race (Erskine, 1987).

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India
% of pies 2.4 u India occ and area and sl of e world' th r 17.5% ove n. supports opulatio d's p the worl
0 01 er the 2 As p the 2.2% of 7 in census, ion lives es populat lag ,000 vil 38 ng about 6 remaini and the ore ives in m nd 27.8% l sa 00 town than 5,1 0 urban over 38 tions. era agglom This scenario showcases the fact that in spite of being blessed with all the resources and capabilities of developing at a very fast rate why are we still lagging behind in the development process.

Rural Population

Urban Population
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Challenges Faced
Being a developing economy, India faces a series of problems, which still challenge the Planning processes. To name a few:

Population Poverty Illiteracy Public Health Transportation Agriculture

Looking at the gravity of the situation planners and managers should focus on development through sustainable means.

Sustainable Development

Sustainable development is a pattern of resource


use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present, but also for future generations.
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GIS in Sustainable Development


GIS in an integrating multidisciplinary tool that brings together information and experts from diverse and disparate backgrounds.
Spatial Planning Integration Participation Monitoring Adaptive Management
Design Experiment

Stakeholders
Pose Questions Communica te

Form a Hypothesis

Draw Conclusions

Collect & Interpret Data

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GIS in Sustainable Development | Spatial Planning

All levels of planning including Urban planning Regional planning Environmental planning National plans International Plans

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GIS in Sustainable Development | Integration Different ecological, economic, and social points of
interests.

view and

Bringing together existing information about the managed and unmanaged resources Linking together the small scale and the large scale issues. Evaluating the possible impacts and side effects of the foreseen manipulations. Recognizing the consequences of the planned actions. Synthesizing the existing scientific knowledge. Linking managers, policy makers, scientists and the public.

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GIS in Sustainable Development | Participation


Participation of all the concerned parties in the management process. The stakeholders can be invited to help set goals, analyze the situation, and develop improvements and solutions. Stakeholders:

Government Departments Scientists NGOs Financial Organizations People

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GIS in Sustainable Development | Monitoring Effective monitoring helps managers to

follow the consequences of their interventions, be informed about unexpected events, and measure deviations from the management objectives.

Monitoring implies the measuring and assessment of statistical data in relation to time to determine whether or not objectives or standards have been met. Mapping and analyzing statistical data:

People living on less than INR 100 per day People living on less than INR 50 per day People going to bed hungry every day People that die of starvation Children that die of malnutrition

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GIS in Sustainable Development | Benefits

GIS helps in planning process by giving a Bird's Eye view of the whole scenario. GIS provides a whole new dimension (Global Regional Local) to planning process Maps are generated based on different attributes. Whole data is converted in Quantifiable information Reports are generated based on this data Decision making process is optimized Identification of deviations from the plans is much easier. This helps in corrective efforts Thus ensuring the success of plans

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Participatory Implementation
Participation of all stakeholders in : Policy Formulation Programme Design Fund Allocation Fund Disbursement Programme Implementation Monitoring & Evaluation Citizen Portal powered by Spatial Intelligence

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What GIS can help in Public Health?

Research Tools and Planning

Constructing mathematical models Service planning and optimisation Making predictions

Spatial Decision Support Systems

Infrastructure roads, towns, services Census population statistics Medical resource (hospitals, clinics, available beds)

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Emergency Response Systems

Dr. John Snows London Street Map (1854)

7/13/12 http://www.ph.ucla.edu/epi/snow/Snowpart2_files/frame.htm

(slide

Modeling of Dengue Transmission Pictures from Dr. Dana A. Focks


http://www.id-analysis.com/pages/

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Limitations of GIS

Communication Gaps between epidemiologists & spatial professionals Require uniform data standards

Eg. Address recording 1/32 Main St. or Unit 1 32 Main St. Unit record data access Consistent and meaningful areal units Enable consistency & comparison

Privacy issues and spatial 7/13/12 aggregation

Summary

GIS can provides spatial dimension to epidemiological research (visualization, modeling). GIS can be used for many public health applications and services.
(efficient allocation of health care resources, equity in accessibility to services)

Internet GIS can provide the public health information in real-time. 7/13/12 (evaluation, decision support systems, emergency

Thank You..!!

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