Docker at Shopify: From This-Looks-Fun to Production by Simon Eskildsen (Shopify)
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The document outlines Shopify's journey to implement Docker for their production environment, detailing their timeline from initial investigations in 2013 to a successful containerization strategy by 2014. It explains the stages of preparation, containerization, and feature development, including image builds and deployment processes. Challenges faced and solutions found during this transition are discussed, emphasizing the shift from monolithic architecture to a container-based approach.
![container "shopify" do
role :web
instances 5
health_check true
http_health_check "/ping/ponies"
revision "file"
env({
RAILS_ENV: "production",
UNICORN_WORKERS: node[:cores] / 5
})
end
Turns into supervisor scripts:
docker run -e CONTAINER=1 -e HOST_IP=172.16.1.227
-e ENV=production -e PORT=20003
-e APP_HEALTH_CHECK=/ping/ponies
-e ENDPOINT=172.16.1.227:20003 -e UNICORN_WORKERS=5
-e NODENAME=borg-shopify-unicorn-4.omgweb.dc.shopify.com
--volume=/tmp/borg-run/keys/11607:/key
--cidfile=/tmp/borg-run/keys/11607/cidfile
--name="borg-shopify-unicorn-4-$$"
--net=host internal.registry.com/shopify:$(cat /etc/borg/shopify/current) web](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/docker-shopify-dockerconeu-141211034824-conversion-gate01/85/Docker-at-Shopify-From-This-Looks-Fun-to-Production-by-Simon-Eskildsen-Shopify-20-320.jpg)
Docker at Shopify: From This-Looks-Fun to Production by Simon Eskildsen (Shopify)
- 1. Docker at Shopify From This-Looks-Fun to Production
- 2. Simon Eskildsen Infrastructure @ Shopify @Sirupsen
- 3. Shopiscale • 200-300K RPM during day, > 500K during large sales • ~100 large metal servers running containers • 100+ product developers, ~10 infrastructure, ~10 core ops • 10 year old monolith • Ruby on Rails, MySQL, Redis, memcached, ..
- 4. Make it easier to solve problems at Shopify
- 6. Timeline to production • Mid 2013. Investigated Mesos and Docker • Winter 2014 Legwork for containerization, failed attempt to deploy Mesos • Spring 2014 Containerization work and no success with CoreOS either • Summer 2014 Pivot to Chef, runit and Capistrano. !'ed it
- 7. Ship Docker as the only change
- 8. Successfully shipping Docker 1. Play 2. Prepare 3. Containerize 4. Feature
- 9. 1. Play stage • Develop feel for Docker • Study namespaces, companies, cgroups, .. • Prototyping • Don't get stuck or starstruck
- 10. 2. Preparation stage • Secrets (github.com/Shopify/ejson) • Assets • Logs • Graceful shutdown • Monitoring • Roles/Procfile • Containerization patterns
- 11. 3. Containerization stage • Don't add new features to your infrastructure • Building images/CI/dev • Deployment • Static orchestration • Union filesystems • init in container, Linux namespaces, cgroups, routing, monitoring, security updates, registry..
- 12. 4. Feature stage ! • Buttons • Distributed orchestration • Service discovery • Routing • CoreOS • PaaS • ..
- 14. What we took to production
- 15. Image Builds
- 16. Image builder 1. Commit <sha> lands in master 2. Build server builds image for new SHA (~2m) 3. Pushed to internal registry: registry.shopify.com/ shopify:<sha>
- 17. We don't use Dockerfiles
- 18. Builder API • script/prepare System-level packages or other infrequent changes on top of base image. • script/build Frequently changed dependencies, run on every build. • config/roles.json Roles for the application, our Procfile.
- 19. Final image for Shopify Ubuntu ---------------- Baseimage (750 MiB) ================ `script/prepare` (100MiB) ---------------- `script/build`: Start of week (800MiB) ---------------- `script/build`: Start of day (100MiB) ----------------- `script/build`: Current commit (80MiB)
- 20. container "shopify" do role :web instances 5 health_check true http_health_check "/ping/ponies" revision "file" env({ RAILS_ENV: "production", UNICORN_WORKERS: node[:cores] / 5 }) end Turns into supervisor scripts: docker run -e CONTAINER=1 -e HOST_IP=172.16.1.227 -e ENV=production -e PORT=20003 -e APP_HEALTH_CHECK=/ping/ponies -e ENDPOINT=172.16.1.227:20003 -e UNICORN_WORKERS=5 -e NODENAME=borg-shopify-unicorn-4.omgweb.dc.shopify.com --volume=/tmp/borg-run/keys/11607:/key --cidfile=/tmp/borg-run/keys/11607/cidfile --name="borg-shopify-unicorn-4-$$" --net=host internal.registry.com/shopify:$(cat /etc/borg/shopify/current) web
- 21. Deploys 1. Deploy two stacks at once. 2. Capistrano updates revision in /etc/shopify/revision. 3. ls -d /etc/sv/shopify-web* | xargs -L1 sudo sv restart • Restart ~20% of containers at a time.
- 22. Containers are the future, but it's still hard in production
- 24. Simon Eskildsen, Infrastructure @ Shopify @Sirupsen
- 25. Thank You.
- 26. Staircase Tutorial, Andreas Leversa (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Sandbox, Kate Mereand-Sinha (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) Panama canal construction photo, World Bank Photo Collection (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/) Other pictures used by permissions of Florian Weingarten Flight of the Unicorns, Eric Wagner (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/) Container, Izabela Reimers (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/) Sam Satch, Chinese Ornamental Chilli Sprouting (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.0/) Anvil & Hammer, Brad Knabel (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/) Matt Kowal, DIY Darkroom - Alternative Process (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/) Over-stuffed Walrus picture kindly provided with permission by the Horniman Museum and Gardens, U.K. Video of me in walrus costume, Lily Rogers and Emma Craig