Centrifugal separator
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The document discusses centrifugal separators. It describes how centrifugal separators use centrifugal force to separate liquids from solids in a slurry. The separator consists of a perforated, rotating basket inside a protective casing. As the basket spins at high speeds, the centrifugal force causes the liquid to pass through the basket walls while the solids accumulate and form a porous cake. Different types of centrifugal separators are described, including suspended batch, automatic batch, and continuous filtering centrifuges. Industrial applications include purification in chemical industries, fuels treatment, and processing of foods and beverages.
Centrifugal separator
- 1. Centrifugal Separator Presented by: Qaisar Yaqoob 2014-BT-CHEM- 19 Presented to: Mr. Haris Mahmood Khan Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LAHORE, K.S.K CAMPUS.
- 2. Introduction It is a machine which utilized the centrifugal force for the separation of liquid from solid. Solid that form a porous cake can be separated. Centrifugal force is applied to given slurry by which separation is done. The force is done by centrifugal action given by following equation, Fc = 𝑊 𝑈 2 𝑔 𝑐 𝑟
- 4. Construction It is consisting on a rotating basket which is fixed on vertical shaft The basket is perforated on the sides and covered by a screen basket is protected by casing Discharge done through the outlet which is provided in the centrifuge Washing of septum is available in centrifuge separator Basket diameter = 30” - 80” Depth of basket = 18” - 50” Speed = (800 - 1800) rpm
- 6. Working Charging of centrifuge. Centrifugal force is applied by rotate the basket at high speed. Filtrate will pass through screen and cake formation started. Centrifuge is stopped by applying breaks. Washing of cake. Removing of cake.
- 8. Classification of centrifugal separator Suspended batch centrifuge Automatic batch centrifuge Continuous filtering centrifuge
- 9. Suspended batch separator Common type of batch centrifuge. The basket held at lower end of a free driven vertical shaft. A layer of cake ranges from 2” – 6” is formed on septum. Then wash water is applied on cake. The cake is then spun as dry and removed. These separators are used in textile industries and sugar industries. Divided in two categories, • Top driven • Under driven
- 11. Automatic batch centrifuge Basket rotates at constant speed about horizontal axis. Feed slurry, wash liquid and screen rinse are sprayed by automatic system. Basket unloaded and cake is removed by heavy knife. It has very high productive.
- 13. Continuous filtering centrifuge Fed through a revolving feed funnel. Funnel accelerate the feed slurry smoothly and gently. A layer of crystal formed on septum. This layer is moved over by reciprocating pusher. Diameter of basket ranges from (300 - 1200) mm.
- 15. Industrial Applications Centrifugal separators are used in chemical industries in the purification of intermediate or final products. It is used for fuels cleaning and treatment. These are installed for any type of food or beverage. Take part in the treatment and recovery of process water.