Creating Modular Test-Driven SPAs with Spring and AngularJS
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Single-page Applications (SPA) are all the rage these days and with them there is an avalanche of new tools, libraries and frameworks we need to know. But what does this mean for us as Spring developers? In this session we will give you an overview of the current landscape and illustrate the choices the Spring XD team has made for its user interface. What do I use to write SPA applications? How do I integrate them into existing Spring-based backends? How do I build them? Can I integrate them into my existing Gradle or Maven build processes in order to achieve complete build automation? How do I integrate realtime messaging using Spring's SockJS/WebSocket support? In this talk we will answer these and many more questions. We will cover frameworks such as AngularJS, Bootstrap, RequireJS; tools like Bower, Grunt, Gulp; and also talk about testing using Karma and Protractor.
![¡Hola! v2.0 - Controller
• Demo
20
<script>
(function(){
var app = angular.module('hola', []);
app.controller('NameController', function($scope){
$scope.firstName='Angular';
$scope.lastName='rocks';
});
})();
</script>](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/angularjswithsprings2gx2014-140911001928-phpapp02/85/Creating-Modular-Test-Driven-SPAs-with-Spring-and-AngularJS-20-320.jpg)
![Dependency Injection
• Consider using array notation:
app.controller('NameCtrl', function($scope){ ... });
app.controller('NameCtrl', ['$scope', function($scope){ ... }]);
• Or use ngmin ng-annotate
• grunt-ngmin, gulp-ngmin, grunt-ng-annotate, gulp-ng-annotate
21](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/angularjswithsprings2gx2014-140911001928-phpapp02/85/Creating-Modular-Test-Driven-SPAs-with-Spring-and-AngularJS-21-320.jpg)
![Main is BACK
40
@EnableAutoConfiguration @ComponentScan @EnableScheduling
public class MainApp extends RepositoryRestMvcConfiguration {
@Override
protected void configureRepositoryRestConfiguration(
RepositoryRestConfiguration config) {
config.exposeIdsFor(Image.class, Garden.class, Plant.class);
config.setBaseUri(URI.create("/api"));
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
final ConfigurableApplicationContext context =
SpringApplication.run(MainApp.class, args);
...
}
@Bean
MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() { ... } ...
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/angularjswithsprings2gx2014-140911001928-phpapp02/85/Creating-Modular-Test-Driven-SPAs-with-Spring-and-AngularJS-40-320.jpg)
![AngularJS Modules
• Compartmentalize sections of your application
• Does not deal with script loading
• https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/module
46
angular.module('myModule', []).
config(function(injectables) { // provider-injector
// This is an example of config block.
}).
run(function(injectables) { // instance-injector
// Like a Main method
});](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/angularjswithsprings2gx2014-140911001928-phpapp02/85/Creating-Modular-Test-Driven-SPAs-with-Spring-and-AngularJS-46-320.jpg)
![RequireJS
• RequireJS
• JavaScript file
and module loader
• RequireJS Optimizer
47
require.config({
paths: {
angular: '../lib/angular/angular',
jquery: '../lib/jquery/jquery',
bootstrap: '../lib/bootstrap/bootstrap',
…
},
shim: {
angular: {
exports: 'angular'
},
bootstrap: {
deps: ['jquery']
}
}
});](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/angularjswithsprings2gx2014-140911001928-phpapp02/85/Creating-Modular-Test-Driven-SPAs-with-Spring-and-AngularJS-47-320.jpg)
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Creating Modular Test-Driven SPAs with Spring and AngularJS
- 1. Creating Modular Test Driven SPAs with Spring And AngularJS By Gunnar Hillert - @ghillert © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission.
- 2. Goals • AngularJS Introduction • Build and Deployment • Integration with Spring • Modularization • Testing • UI Considerations 2
- 3. Me • (Java) Web developer since 2005 • Struts 1+2, Spring MVC, GWT, Flex • Spring Integration + XD committer • AngularJS since Jan 2014 • Co-organize 3
- 5. AngularJS Introduction © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission.
- 6. Audience - What do you use*? • AngularJS • Backbone • JQuery • Are you using any other SPA Framework? Ember.js • Spring MVC • Spring Boot 6 60% 20% 80% 1 user 80% 20% * Recorded from memory
- 7. What are SPAs? 7 A single-page application (SPA), also known as single-page interface (SPI), is a web application or web site that fits on a single web page with the goal of providing a more fluid user experience akin to a desktop application. Wikipedia
- 8. What are SPAs? 8
- 9. JavaScript WTF • http://wtfjs.com/ 9 parseInt('crap'); // NaN parseInt('crap', 16);// 12 ! (2 + "3"); // 23 (2 + +"3"); // 5 (+""); // 0
- 10. Read this 10
- 11. From Backbone to Angular • Too many moving parts, choices • Boilerplate Code • Marionette, Backbone.ModelBinder, Backbone.Relational 11
- 12. Alternatives 12
- 13. AngularJS Basics • Model • View (Templates) • Controller • Dependency Injection • Expressions • Filters • Directives • Routing • Modules • See also: AngularJS Concepts 13
- 14. Model • Angular is very flexible about your model • Ultimately expressed via the $scope • $scope = Glue between Controller and View • $scope mimics DOM (Hierarchical, one $rootScope) 14
- 15. Model • Killer Feature: Data-Binding • Model === single-source-of-truth • View reflects model changes automatically • $watch, $apply 15
- 16. View • HTML is your templating Engine • Minimize logic as much as possible • Consider Custom Directives 16
- 17. ¡Hola! • Demo 17 <div ng-app ng-init="firstName='Eric';lastName='Cartman'"> <div> First Name: <input type="text" ng-model="firstName"> </div> <div> Last Name: <input type="text" ng-model="lastName"> </div> <div> <b>Complete Name:</b> {{firstName + ' ' + lastName | uppercase}} </div> </div>
- 18. Controller • Used to "setup" your $scope (values) • Add behavior to your $scope (functions) • Don't do UI work using controllers!! • Use directives and filters instead 18
- 19. ¡Hola! v2.0 - View • Demo 19 <div ng-app="hola" ng-controller="NameController"> <div> First Name: <input type="text" ng-model="firstName"> </div> <div> Last Name: <input type="text" ng-model="lastName"> </div> <div> <b>Complete Name:</b> {{firstName + ' ' + lastName | uppercase}} </div> </div>
- 20. ¡Hola! v2.0 - Controller • Demo 20 <script> (function(){ var app = angular.module('hola', []); app.controller('NameController', function($scope){ $scope.firstName='Angular'; $scope.lastName='rocks'; }); })(); </script>
- 21. Dependency Injection • Consider using array notation: app.controller('NameCtrl', function($scope){ ... }); app.controller('NameCtrl', ['$scope', function($scope){ ... }]); • Or use ngmin ng-annotate • grunt-ngmin, gulp-ngmin, grunt-ng-annotate, gulp-ng-annotate 21
- 22. Expressions • {{ expression }} • No Control Flow Statements • Can use filters inside expressions: • {{ 'abcd' | uppercase }} 22
- 23. Filters 23 ...! <tr ng-repeat=! ! "item in jobDefinitions | filter:filterQuery | orderBy:'name'">! ...
- 24. Directives • Are markers on a DOM element • Attach behavior/transform DOM elements • ng-controller, ng-app ... 24
- 25. Types of Directives • Attribute (default) • Element • Class • See: https://gist.github.com/CMCDragonkai/6282750 25
- 26. Routing • ngRoute (built-in) • Routing on steroids using ui-router 26
- 27. Routing using UI-Router • state machine • nested views • Spring XD's routes.js 27
- 28. Modules • Hang on tight… 28
- 29. © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission. botanic | NG
- 30. Build and Deployment © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission.
- 31. Build and Deployment • Do everything via Maven and Gradle? • What about Non-Java Tooling? • Consider Web Resource Optimization 31
- 32. Web Resources Optimization • Minification • Merging • Compression • Caching (and Cache busting) 32
- 33. Web Resources Optimization 33
- 34. Strategies - Java Tooling • Wro4j • Jawr • Spring 4.1 • Flexible resolution and transformation of static web resources • See Blog Post • WebJars 34
- 35. Strategies - JavaScript Tooling • Node (Npm) • Grunt (Gulp) • Bower • Yeoman (angular-seed) 35
- 36. Make Maven and Gradle Grunt • Plugins exist for Gradle and Maven • Spring XD uses Gradle integration • botanic-ng uses Maven integration • Spring Boot plus Maven Frontend Plugin 36
- 37. Integration with Spring (Boot) © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission.
- 38. Hello World fits into Tweet 38 @Controller class ThisWillActuallyRun { @RequestMapping("/") @ResponseBody String home() { "Hello World!" } }
- 39. Rapid Prototyping • Spring Scripts (Samples) • Starter POMs • Über-Jars support (can create WARs also) • Maven + Gradle Plugins • AutoConfiguration support 39
- 40. Main is BACK 40 @EnableAutoConfiguration @ComponentScan @EnableScheduling public class MainApp extends RepositoryRestMvcConfiguration { @Override protected void configureRepositoryRestConfiguration( RepositoryRestConfiguration config) { config.exposeIdsFor(Image.class, Garden.class, Plant.class); config.setBaseUri(URI.create("/api")); } public static void main(String[] args) { final ConfigurableApplicationContext context = SpringApplication.run(MainApp.class, args); ... } @Bean MultipartConfigElement multipartConfigElement() { ... } ... }
- 41. Security 41 • Best strategy in regards to plugging in Spring Security? • Authentication and Authorization • How does it affect Testing • Consider Spring Session • org.springframework.session.web.http.HttpSessionStrategy • HeaderHttpSessionStrategy (x-auth-token) • CookieHttpSessionStrategy
- 42. Serving Static Content • /META-INF/resources/ • /resources/ • /static/ • /public/ • Also supports WebJars • Make Boot modules (UI) Pluggable 42
- 43. © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission. Demo Backend
- 44. © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission. Modularization
- 45. Modularization Now • AngularJS Modules • RequireJS 45
- 46. AngularJS Modules • Compartmentalize sections of your application • Does not deal with script loading • https://docs.angularjs.org/guide/module 46 angular.module('myModule', []). config(function(injectables) { // provider-injector // This is an example of config block. }). run(function(injectables) { // instance-injector // Like a Main method });
- 47. RequireJS • RequireJS • JavaScript file and module loader • RequireJS Optimizer 47 require.config({ paths: { angular: '../lib/angular/angular', jquery: '../lib/jquery/jquery', bootstrap: '../lib/bootstrap/bootstrap', … }, shim: { angular: { exports: 'angular' }, bootstrap: { deps: ['jquery'] } } });
- 48. Modularization Future • ECMAScript 6 modules • AngularJS 2 is being written in ES6 • Web Components 48
- 49. Componentization using Directives • angular-masonry • cgBusy • ngGrowl • angular-google-maps • angular-leaflet-directive • AngularUI • Bootstrap directives 49
- 50. File Upload • angular-file-upload (nervgh) • angular-file-upload (danialfarid) • File Reader • Traditional Post 50
- 51. © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission. Testing
- 52. Testing • E2E testing with Protractor • Unit Testing using Karma and Jasmine • Consider using SauceLabs 52
- 53. UI Considerations © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission.
- 54. UI Consideration • Bootstrap (It is the baseline) • Keep your CSS maintainable with Less and Sass • Check your production results with YSlow and PageSpeed • Load your site from different corners of the planet using http://www.webpagetest.org/ 54
- 55. © 2014 SpringOne 2GX. All rights reserved. Do not distribute without permission. Resources
- 56. Books 56
- 57. Videos and More • Angular JS Website - Tutorial, Docs • Angular JS Youtube Channel • ng-conf has almost 30 session videos • Shaping up with Angular JS (Videos + Course) • Dan Wahlin - Videos and Bog • AngularJS Fundamentals In 60-ish Minutes • https://egghead.io/ • Ben Nadel Blog • Year of Moo 57
- 58. Thank You! 58 Source Code + Preso: https://github.com/ghillert/botanic-ng Related Talks Spring 4 Web Applications (R. Stoyanchev) Deep dive into Spring WebSockets (S. Almar) Spring Boot for the Web Tier (D. Syer/P. Webb) Resource Handling in Spring MVC 4.1 (B. Clozel/R. Stoyanchev) Introducing RaveJS (J. Hann) Great single page apps need great backends (Adib Saikali)