Networking Basics
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This document provides an introduction to computer networks. It discusses the basics of LANs, MANs and WANs. It describes common network topologies like bus, star, ring and mesh. It also discusses the various components that make up a network including physical media, networking devices, computers, networking software and applications. The document is intended to provide a high-level overview of computer networks.
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Networking Basics
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS Navpreet Singh Computer Centre Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur INDIA (Ph : 2597371, Email : [email protected])
- 2. About Myself I am Network Manager at IIT Kanpur and I manage the Campus Network and Internet Services of IITK. IIT Kanpur has one of the largest networks in the country. IITK Campus Network now has 6500 nodes providing connectivity to more than 5000 users in Academic Departments, Student Hostels and Residences. IITK has 45 Mbps Internet Connectivity. All application servers (Mail, DNS, Proxy Caching, Web etc.) are maintained in-house. B.Tech (1990) and M.Tech (1996) from IIT Kanpur Working in IIT Kanpur for more than 14 years About Myself
- 3. Course Content Lecture 1: Overview of the Course and Network Fundamentals: 2 Hour Lecture 2: OSI Model& TCP/IP Model : 2 Hour Lecture 3: Physical Media (Copper, Fiber Optic and Wireless) : 2 Hour Lab 1: IIT Kanpur Datacenter Visit: 2 Hour Lecture 4: UTP & Fiber Cabling: 2 Hour Lecture 5: LAN Technologies (Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Wireless LAN) : 2 Hour Lab 2: Demo and Practice of UTP & Fiber Cabling: 2 Hour Lecture 6: LAN Technologies (contd.) : 2 Hour Course Content
- 4. Course Content Lecture 7: WAN Technologies (Dialup, Leased Line, ISDN, ADSL, Cable Modem, VSAT) : 2 Hour Lab 3: Demo and Practice of Ethernet & Wireless LAN Setup : 2 Hour Lecture 8: WAN Technologies (contd.) : 2 Hour Lecture 9: Internet Protocol (IP) and IP Addressing: 2 Hour Lab 4: Demo and Practice of Setting up Subnets and IP Address Assignment : 2 Hour Lecture 10: Routing, VLAN, TCP and UDP: 2 Hour Lecture 11: SNMP, Natting, Firewall and VPN: 2 Hour Lecture 12: Internet and Internet Applications (DNS, Email, Web..): 2 Hour Course Content
- 5. Course Content Lecture 13: Cisco Basics: 2 Hour Lecture 14: Cisco Switch and Router Configuration : 2 Hour Lab 5: Demo and Practice of Cisco Switch Configuration : 2 Hour Lab 6: Demo and Practice of Cisco Router Configuration : 2 Hour Lecture 15: DNS & Web Server Setup on Linux : 2 Hour Lab 7: Demo and Practice of DNS and Web Server Setup : 2 Hour Lecture 16: Enterprise Network Implementation: 2 Hour Course Content
- 6. Course Content Lecture 17: Mail Server, Proxy Server & Firewall Setup on Linux : 2 Hour Lab 8: Demo and Practice of Mail Server , Proxy Server and Firewall Setup : 2 Hour Course Content
- 7. References Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Computer Network , Prentice-Hall Doughlas E. Comer, Computer Networks and Internet http://www.cisco.com /public/support/tac/documentation.html http://www.redhat.com/docs http://home.iitk.ac.in/~navi/sidbinetworkcourse Books
- 8. Grading Guidelines Two Exams: 40% each Lab Assignments: 20% Minimum 80% attendance and minimum 60% marks are necessary to clear the course. Grading
- 9. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER NETWORKS Introduction to Computer Networks
- 10. Computer Networks Computer network connects two or more autonomous computers. The computers can be geographically located anywhere. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 11. LAN, MAN & WAN Network in small geographical Area (Room, Building or a Campus) is called LAN (Local Area Network) Network in a City is call MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) Network spread geographically (Country or across Globe) is called WAN (Wide Area Network) Introduction to Computer Networks
- 12. Applications of Networks Resource Sharing Hardware (computing resources, disks, printers) Software (application software) Information Sharing Easy accessibility from anywhere (files, databases) Search Capability (WWW) Communication Email Message broadcast Remote computing Distributed processing (GRID Computing) Introduction to Computer Networks
- 13. Network Topology The network topology defines the way in which computers, printers, and other devices are connected. A network topology describes the layout of the wire and devices as well as the paths used by data transmissions. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 14. Bus Topology Commonly referred to as a linear bus, all the devices on a bus topology are connected by one single cable. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 15. Star & Tree Topology The star topology is the most commonly used architecture in Ethernet LANs. When installed, the star topology resembles spokes in a bicycle wheel. Larger networks use the extended star topology also called tree topology. When used with network devices that filter frames or packets, like bridges, switches, and routers, this topology significantly reduces the traffic on the wires by sending packets only to the wires of the destination host. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 16. Ring Topology A frame travels around the ring, stopping at each node. If a node wants to transmit data, it adds the data as well as the destination address to the frame. The frame then continues around the ring until it finds the destination node, which takes the data out of the frame. Single ring – All the devices on the network share a single cable Dual ring – The dual ring topology allows data to be sent in both directions. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 17. Mesh Topology The mesh topology connects all devices (nodes) to each other for redundancy and fault tolerance. It is used in WANs to interconnect LANs and for mission critical networks like those used by banks and financial institutions. Implementing the mesh topology is expensive and difficult. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 18. Network Components Physical Media Interconnecting Devices Computers Networking Software Applications Introduction to Computer Networks
- 19. Networking Media Networking media can be defined simply as the means by which signals (data) are sent from one computer to another (either by cable or wireless means). Introduction to Computer Networks
- 20. Networking Devices HUB, Switches, Routers, Wireless Access Points, Modems etc. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 21. Computers: Clients and Servers In a client/server network arrangement, network services are located in a dedicated computer whose only function is to respond to the requests of clients. The server contains the file, print, application, security, and other services in a central computer that is continuously available to respond to client requests. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 22. Networking Protocol: TCP/IP Introduction to Computer Networks
- 23. Applications E-mail Searchable Data (Web Sites) E-Commerce News Groups Internet Telephony (VoIP) Video Conferencing Chat Groups Instant Messengers Internet Radio Introduction to Computer Networks