01 Public Health Optometry.pptx

01 Public Health Optometry.pptx

• 1.
  Public Health Optometry:Concepts and implementation
• 2.
  What is publichealth optometry • Public Health Optometry is a hybrid discipline that combines the principles of public health and optometry • an optometrist applies the principles of both the specialties to reach out to the communities to provide care, promote eye health and train community level eye care workers.
• 4.
  HEALTH
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  HEALTH ???? • Health,as defined by the World Health Organization, is "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
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  Communities Individuals Families Societies Health Genetics & Biological Behavioral Environmental Socio- Economic Health Service System Socio- Cultural Agingof the population Science and Technology Information & communication Gender Equity and social justice Human Right 6 DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
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  Biological determinants • Geneticmake-up (Heredity) • It is permanent & can not be altered. • Transmitted by hereditarily. • No treatment. • Many be Prevented to some extent.
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  ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS • Biological:disease producing agent (e.g. bacteria, virus, fungi), intermediate host (e.g. mosquito, sand fly), vector (e.g. house fly), reservoir (e.g. pig in JE). • Physical: Air, water, light, noise, soil, climate, altitude, radiation housing, waste etc. • Psychosocial: psychological make up of individual and structure and functioning of society. E.g. habit, beliefs, culture, custom, religion etc.
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  Behavioural - sociocultural
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  Behavioural - sociocultural • Behavioral pattern and life long habits e.g. smoking and alcohol consumption, food habit, personal hygiene, rest and physical exercise, sleeping patterns, & sexual behavior.
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  Life-style makes thedifference • Malnutrition. • Population explosion. • Mental health problems. • Cancer. • Diabetes mellitus • Cardiovascular diseases • AIDS & STDs. • Environmental pollution.
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  SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS • Education •occupation • economic growth • Political system
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  Health services • Availability& utilization of health services • Should include comprehensive services • Need based essential • Must reach to social periphery • Equitably distributed • Accessible at affordable cost • Socially acceptable
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  Health services • Shouldpromote health & prevent illnesses. Eg:- Immunization of children— Provision of safe drinking water— ANC-will reduce MMR & IMR. • Services must reach to all sections.
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  Family welfare services •Covers spectrum of personal & community services for treatment ,prevention & promotion of health Like--- immunization, family planning, Nutritional….
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  Aging of thepopulation • By the year 2020, the world will have more than one billion people aged sixty or over and more than two-thirds of them living in developing countries. • increased prevalence of chronic diseases and disabilities
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  OTHER DETERMINANTS OFHEALTH ▫ Science and technology ▫ Information and communication ▫ Equity and social justice ▫ Human rights etc.
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  RESPONSIBILITY FOR HEALTH •Individual responsibility: self care for maintaining their own health. • Community responsibility: health care for the people to the health care by the people. • State responsibility: constitutional rights. • International responsibility:, SAARC
• 19.
  Public Health Optometry •The objective of public health optometry is based on the principles of reaching out to those in need and providing them help, making use of local resources, and providing services to the areas which may or may not have regular access to services.
• 20.
  Public Health Optometry •The public health optometry program not only provides access to eye care but also addresses social and economic barriers that prevent these groups of patients from accessing services. It is also an opportunity to educate the community on eye care and address conditions such as cataract, refractive errors, and diabetic eye diseases.
• 21.
  Public Health Optometry •Outreach visits need to be planned, to respond to the need of the local area, and may have a particular focus e.g. identification of cataract cases, screening of refractive error and refraction, and provision of spectacles.