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02 lesson planning
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- 2. What to plan? ALesson A series of lessons
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- 4. LESSON FOCUS GRAMMAR FUNCTIONSKILL OTHER
- 5. Lesson aims • Whatdo my learners already know (can do)? • What do they need to know (to do)?
- 6. Types of aims Mainaim Subsidiary aims Personal aims
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- 8. Types of aims Amain aim describes the most important thing we want the learners to achieve in a lesson or sequence of lessons. For example, we may want learners to understand and practise using new language; to reinforce or consolidate (i.e. to make stronger) the use of language they already know by giving them further practice; or to revise language they have recently learnt. If the main aim is to teach new language, the lesson plan should also include an example of the target language we are planning to teach. Subsidiary aims show the language or skills learners must be able to use well in order to achieve the main aim of the lesson. Subsidiary aims usually contain language that is already known to the learners. Stating both main and subsidiary aims is a good way of making sure that our lesson plan focuses on what we want our learners to learn, or to be able to do. Personal aims show what we would like to improve or focus on in our teaching. Like those given in the first table above, these might be about improving the way we handle materials and teaching aids (things we can use to support our teaching in the classroom) or particular teaching techniques, or they might be about our relationship with the learners. Here are some more examples: •to reduce my TTT •to get quieter learners to answer questions •to get learners to work with different partners •to get students to listen more to each other
- 9. Stage aims In additionto the main and subsidiary aims, a lesson plan will also include a number of stage aims, describing the particular purpose of each stage (or short section) of the lesson. Look at the examples of stage aims in this extract from a lesson plan.
- 10. How it works •Identify main aims • Identify subsidiary aims • Design stage aims and activities • Choose materials • Look back
- 11. Key points Coursebook aims + Students’needs Lesson aims
- 12. Key points Aims are not procedures “Listeningto a recording” vs “Practice listening for gist”
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- 14. Key points Look fromthe learner’s point of view (learner’s objectives and outcomes) “Learners will be able to use/understand/express…”
- 15. Key points Think ifyou want to announce your aims
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- 17. Lesson plan components Alsothink about: • Materials • Target language / skills • Anticipated problems • Solutions
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- 20. A good lessonplan is… Relevant (helps to achieve goals) Includes different types of activities As simple as possible Clear and easy to read Is divided into two parts (background and procedure)
- 21. How do peoplelearn a language?
- 22. How do peoplelearn a language?
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