Download as PDF, PPTX
More Related Content
Similar to 03 drilling recent development ui 17 sep 2007
03 drilling recent development ui 17 sep 2007
- 1. DrillingDrilling TechnologyTechnology Recent Development Presentedby:Presented by: Anung H. Prabawa (Mesin UI 93)Anung H. Prabawa (Mesin UI 93) Faried Rudiono (Mesin ITB 76)Faried Rudiono (Mesin ITB 76) 1818--SeptemberSeptember--20062006 FTUI DepokFTUI Depok
- 2. OutlineOutline • Continuous CirculatingSystem • Managed Pressure Drilling • Dual Gradient System • Casing While Drilling • Solid Expandable Tubular • High Angle/Extended Reach Drilling • Integrated Hole Quality • 3D Rotary Steering System • Torque and Drag management • Flex Rig Technology
- 3. Continuous CirculationContinuous CirculationSystemSystem Source: Varco Definition:Definition: A system that enables continuous circulation of mud throughout tA system that enables continuous circulation of mud throughout thehe drilling processdrilling process –– including making & breaking drill pipe connections.including making & breaking drill pipe connections. Benefits • Continuous ECD control • Eliminates circulation time before and after making connections • Continuous drill cuttings transport • Eliminates re-drilling of settled cuttings & debris after making connections BHP (psi) = 0.052 x MW (ppg) x TVD (ft) + Annular Friction Pressure Mud hydrostatic pressure ECD = EMW (ppg) + Annular Friction PressureECD = EMW (ppg) + Annular Friction Pressure (Equivalent ppg)(Equivalent ppg)
- 4. Continuous Circulation SystemContinuousCirculation System Source: Varco Saver Sub on Top Drive Box End of Last Stand 9” Bore BOP Pipe Rams From Standpipe Create Pressure Chamber Around ConnectionCreate Pressure Chamber Around Connection Fill and Equalize Chamber with MudFill and Equalize Chamber with Mud Torque Cylinders Break Drill Pipe ConnectionBreak Drill Pipe Connection 1 2 3 4 Snubber Cylinders Force from Mud Pressure Break Drill Pipe ConnectionBreak Drill Pipe Connection
- 5. Source: Tesco Continuous CirculationSystemContinuous Circulation System Isolate Pin for RemovalIsolate Pin for Removal Open Upper Slips & Ram to Remove Pin ConnectionOpen Upper Slips & Ram to Remove Pin Connection Drain Stand & Upper CavityDrain Stand & Upper Cavity Drain to Mud System 7 65
- 6. Managed Pressure DrillingManagedPressure Drilling TechnologyTechnology Source: Signa •IADC Definition: MPD is and adaptive drilling process used to precisely control the annular pressure profile throughout the wellbore. •Key Driver: More than 50% prospect are currently undrillable using conventional drilling methods. Conventional Drilling MPD By re-directing flow through a choke and controlling it’s opening a backpressure is imposed down the hole
- 7. MPDMPD –– ManagingWellbore Pressure & Hydraulic ModelingManaging Wellbore Pressure & Hydraulic Modeling Wellbore Pressure = Choke Pressure + Hydrostatic Pressure + Frictional Pressure Loss Hydrostatic Pressure is created by fluid column gravity and is a function of fluid mixture density and TVD. Friction Pressure Loss is caused by friction between fluid(s) and well / pipe wall, and is affected by many parameters. Choke Pressure is managed by adjusting choke. How to Manage Wellbore Pressure? Why Hydraulic Modeling? 1). Select proper circulation fluid(s) 2). Design optimal circulation rate(s). 3). Provide sufficient hole cleaning. 4). Maintain desired wellbore pressure. 5). Handle formation influx/lost circulation
- 8. MPDMPD –– TechniqueSelectionTechnique Selection Source: Signa Flow Chart
- 9. MPDMPD –– BasicFlow PathsBasic Flow Paths Source: Signa Conventional Drilling Managed Pressure Drilling
- 10. MPDMPD –– MudCap OperationsMud Cap Operations Source: Signa Continuous DP injection while drilling Placing a “Mud Cap” in the casing-drill pipe annulus Drilling blind – No returns at surface – Annulus is closed
- 11. Dual Gradient DrillingDualGradient Drilling TechnologyTechnology Source: Subsea Mudlift Drilling BHP = 0.052 x (RKB)’ x MW BHHP = 0.052 x ((RKB-WD)’ x MW + WD’ x 8.6ppg) Subsea Rotating Device Seabed Pump Mud Return Line ““DGDDGD”” Drilling refers to drilling where mud returnsDrilling refers to drilling where mud returns DO NOTDO NOT go through ago through a conventional, largeconventional, large--diameter, drilling riser. Instead the returns move from thediameter, drilling riser. Instead the returns move from the seafloor to the surface through one or more smallseafloor to the surface through one or more small -- diameter pipe(s) separate fromdiameter pipe(s) separate from the drillpipe.the drillpipe.
- 12. MW#1 ppg MW#2 ppg DualGradient Drilling TechnologyDual Gradient Drilling Technology Single Gradient WellsSingle Gradient Wells •• Wellbore contains aWellbore contains a single density fluidsingle density fluid •• Single pressureSingle pressure gradientgradient Dual Gradient WellDual Gradient Well •• Wellbore feels seawaterWellbore feels seawater gradient to the seafloor,gradient to the seafloor, and mud gradient toand mud gradient to bottombottom Pressure, psi D e p t h f t Seafloor @ 10,000’ Seawater HSP
- 13. Dual Gradient Heavier Mudw/ Seawater Above Mudline Same Bottom Hole Pressure Single Mud Weight Conventional Single vs. Dual-Gradient Mud Systems From the perspective of the well, there is no mud above the mudline in a dual-gradient system!
- 14. Casing While DrillingCasingWhile DrillingTechnologyTechnology The use of a casing as a direct drill string, instead of a conventional drill pipe
- 15. Casing While DrillingCasingWhile Drilling –– BHABHA Source: SPE/IADC
- 16. Casing While DrillingCasingWhile Drilling –– Logging TechniqueLogging Technique Source: SPE/IADC
- 17. Casing While DrillingCasingWhile Drilling –– Drive SystemDrive System Source: Tesco Animation
- 18. Casing While DrillingCasingWhile Drilling –– UnderbalancedUnderbalanced 13 3/813 3/8”” 9 5/89 5/8”” 7 5/87 5/8”” 55”” PrePre--19901990 ConventionalConventional 13 3/813 3/8”” 9 5/89 5/8”” 7 5/87 5/8”” 55”” 19901990 --19941994 ConventionalConventional w/ comminglingw/ commingling 33 ½”½” 13 3/813 3/8”” 9 5/89 5/8”” 7 5/87 5/8”” 19941994 –– 20002000 TubinglessTubingless 55 ½”½” 33 ½”½” 13 3/813 3/8”” 9 5/89 5/8”” 7 5/87 5/8”” 20002000 -- 20012001 TubinglessTubingless w/ extreme depletionw/ extreme depletion 7 5/87 5/8”” 55”” w/2 7/8w/2 7/8”” tbgtbg 1616”” 1111 ¾”¾” 9 5/89 5/8”” ConventionalConventional w/ depletionw/ depletion 19941994 33 ½”½” 10 3/410 3/4”” 7 5/87 5/8”” 5 1/25 1/2”” 20022002 –– presentpresent UB DWCUB DWC Design EvolutionDesign Evolution Source: SPE Gulf Coast 3rd Symposium
- 19. Casing While DrillingCasingWhile Drilling –– UnderbalancedUnderbalanced 1313 33//88”” 99 55//88”” 77 55//88”” 55 ½”½” 33 ½”½” X 2X 2 77//88”” depleteddepleted high pressurehigh pressure Virgin pressureVirgin pressure Bore hole stabilityBore hole stability 55”” Virgin pressureVirgin pressure 22 77//88”” Source: SPE Gulf Coast 3rd Symposium Conventional New Well vs. UBConventional New Well vs. UB--DWC ReDWC Re--entryentry 2020”” 55 ½”½” 22 77//88”” depleteddepleted virgin (tight)virgin (tight) depleteddepleted 55 ½”½” 33 ½”½” x 2x 2 77//88”” virginvirgin fault zonefault zone11 ¾” 1313 33//88”” 99 55//88”” 77 55//88”” 1313 33//88”” 99 55//88”” 7755//88”” Conventional Tubingless vs. UBConventional Tubingless vs. UB--DWCDWC -- New WellNew Well First application – 50% cost of new well. MW 17.0 ppg vs. 15.8 ppg. Slim design. Eliminated 2 liners. MW 17.5 vs. 13.5 ppg.
- 20. Solid ExpandableSolid ExpandableTechnologyTechnology F or P * in 2 μ σy ID pret OD pre OD post σy ID post Permanently expanding the pipe through the cold workingPermanently expanding the pipe through the cold working process downhole.process downhole. Source: EnventureAnimation
- 21. Solid Expandable TechnologySolidExpandable Technology –– Open HoleOpen Hole Source: EnventureAnimation
- 22. Solid Expandable TechnologySolidExpandable Technology –– Open HoleOpen Hole GOM Deep WaterGOM Deep Water Onshore South TexasOnshore South Texas Source: Enventure
- 23. Solid Expandable TechnologySolidExpandable Technology –– Cased HoleCased Hole Source: EnventureAnimation 1 Animation 2
- 24. Solid Expandable TechnologySolidExpandable Technology –– Cased HoleCased Hole Source: Enventure
- 25. We are talkingabout wells in the 45We are talking about wells in the 45°° range and aboverange and above •• Includes extended reach & horizontal wellsIncludes extended reach & horizontal wells •• The drivers for this definition are:The drivers for this definition are: Change in cuttings bed behaviorChange in cuttings bed behavior Effects ofEffects of wellborewellbore stabilitystability High Angle DrillingHigh Angle Drilling
- 26. WhatWhat’’s different abouthigh angle drilling?s different about high angle drilling? •• Hole cleaning practicesHole cleaning practices •• Cuttings bed behaviorCuttings bed behavior •• WellboreWellbore stabilitystability •• Torque and drag issuesTorque and drag issues •• Hole condition monitoringHole condition monitoring •• HydraulicsHydraulics •• ECD managementECD management •• Drill string designDrill string design •• BHA designBHA design •• Negative weightNegative weight •• Casing floatationCasing floatation •• Completion issuesCompletion issues •• Logging issuesLogging issues High Angle DrillingHigh Angle Drilling
- 27. 4 - 6miles • Placement of a wellbore in a precise position to access reserves • Extended reach drilling can provide access to more reserves at optimal development costs Extended Reach DrillingExtended Reach DrillingExtended Reach Drilling 22
- 28. Worldwide HA &ERD Achievements 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 Horizontal Displacement (ft) VerticalDepth(ft) 0 1,524 3,049 4,573 6,098 7,622 0 1,524 3,049 4,573 6,098 7,622 9,146 10,671 12,195 HD (m) TVD(m) EM, WD-73 Shell, Auger Statoil, Statfjord Statoil, Sleipner IOL, Canada Total, Hidra Phillips, China Total, Argentina BP, Gyda Woodside, Australia Ratio = 2 Ratio = 4 Ratio = 6 EM, Sacate BP, Wytch Farm Maersk, Qatar EM, Jade EM, Hibernia EAL, Moonfish EM, Mobile Bay BP, Amber EM, Excalibur EM, Jotun EM, Nigeria EPMI, Irong Barat N Hydro, Oseberg
- 29. Technology ElementsTechnology Elements ••Hole cleaning/hydraulicsHole cleaning/hydraulics •• High angle drillingHigh angle drilling •• Torque and dragTorque and drag •• Stuck pipe avoidanceStuck pipe avoidance •• Wellbore stabilityWellbore stability •• Lost returns/fracture closure stressLost returns/fracture closure stress •• Drilling fluid considerationsDrilling fluid considerations •• High end applications/IHQHigh end applications/IHQ-- quantitativequantitative risk assessmentrisk assessment Successful application requires balancing allSuccessful application requires balancing all of these technologiesof these technologies Wellbore stability Lost returns/FCS Hole cleaning Torque & drag Differential sticking FluidsStuck pipe Integrated Hole Quality (IHQ)Integrated Hole Quality (IHQ)Integrated Hole Quality (IHQ)
- 30. •• IHQ isapplied using Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA)IHQ is applied using Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA) •• QRA is aQRA is a ““probabilisticprobabilistic”” approach to optimize well designapproach to optimize well design Fracture Gradient ProbabilityProbability Rock Strength Pore Pressure & Earth Stresses Hole & Casing Depth & Size Mud Weight, Flow Rate Bottomhole Assembly Controllable Parameters Uncertain Parameters Specify new well design Use probabilistic input data and proprietary drilling design models. Optimize drilling parameters and calculate probability of drilling success for each hole interval. Calculate reliability of well design Calculate most-likely well cost Is most-likely cost minimized ? Yes No Optimum Design Process Probability Well Path Integrated Hole Quality (IHQ)Integrated Hole Quality (IHQ)Integrated Hole Quality (IHQ)
- 31. 3D Rotary SteeringSystems3D Rotary Steering Systems3D Rotary Steering Systems 3D Rotary Steerable System Conventional Steerable System $$ $$$$
- 32. •• 3 DimensionalRotary Steering Systems offer optimum performance3 Dimensional Rotary Steering Systems offer optimum performance through:through: »» Proper wellpath placementProper wellpath placement »» Automated surveying & drilling activitiesAutomated surveying & drilling activities »» Reduced circulating & orienting timeReduced circulating & orienting time »» Smoother wellbore & improved hole cleaningSmoother wellbore & improved hole cleaning Rotary Steerable System holds the bit shaft at an offset to the axis of the tool. In this case via a counter rotating electric motor. 3D Rotary Steering Systems3D Rotary Steering Systems3D Rotary Steering Systems Control electronics & Inclination sensors Rotating Drive Shaft Non Rotating Steerable Stabilizer Sleeve Hydraulic Control Valves Steering Ribs
- 33. Software technology isutilized toSoftware technology is utilized to determine drill string loads anddetermine drill string loads and rig siterig site ““real timereal time”” hole conditionhole condition monitoring parametersmonitoring parameters •• Rig site gathering and plottingRig site gathering and plotting actual torque and drag dataactual torque and drag data •• RealReal--time Rigtime Rig--Link data onLink data on engineers desktopengineers desktop •• Plots are analyzed looking forPlots are analyzed looking for changing or deteriorating holechanging or deteriorating hole conditionsconditions •• Operational decisions basedOperational decisions based on data analysison data analysis SA-9 12.25" Hole Section Drag Monitoring Chart 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000 11000 12000 13000 14000 15000 16000 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 Hookload (Klbs - With Blocks) MeasuredDepth Model PU 0.1 Model PU 0.2 Model PU 0.3 Model PU 0.4 Model SO 0.1 Model SO 0.2 Model SO 0.3 Model SO 0.4 P/U wtS/Off wt Drilling Pick/Up Weight Rotating Weight Better or worse? Drilling Slack/Off Weight Torque and Drag ManagementTorque and Drag ManagementTorque and Drag Management 26
- 34. Flex Rig TechnologyFlexRig Technology Source : H&P • New Concept in Land Rig Design • Rigging up time significantly reduced • Advanced Skidding Capabilities • Improved Safety • Fully Automated Drilling Console