05. safe injection practice.pptx

05. safe injection practice.pptx

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  SAFE INJECTION &INFUSION PRACTICE PRACTICES + OPEN VIAL POLICY + NEEDLE STICK INJURY + BLOOD TRANSFUSION Infection Control Department Labaid Hospital
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  DEFINITION The World HealthOrganization (WHO) defines a safe injection to be one that does not harm the recipient, does not harm the health care worker, and does not harm the community.
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  SOME OF THEINCORRECT PRACTICES THAT HAVE RESULTED IN TRANSMISSION • Using the same syringe to administer medications to more than one patient, even if the needle was changed • Using a common bag of saline or other IV fluid for more than one patient, and – Leaving an IV set in place for dispensing fluid – Accessing the bag with a syringe that has already been used to flush a patient’s IV or catheter • Accessing a shared medication vial with a syringe that has already been used to administer medication to a patient
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  INJECTION SAFETY GUIDELINESFROM CDC 1. Follow proper infection control practices and maintain aseptic technique during the preparation and administration of injected medications (e.g., perform hand hygiene). 2. Never administer medications from the same syringe to more than one patient, even if the needle is changed. 3. Never enter a vial with a used syringe or needle. 4. Do not use medications packaged as single-dose or single-use for more than one patient. 5. Do not use bags of intravenous solution as a common source of supply for more than one patient. 6. Limit the use of multi-dose vials and dedicate them to a single patient whenever possible. 7. Always use facemasks (with appropriate PPE) when injecting material or
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  SAFE INFUSION PRACTICE Infusionname Time of changing the set IV infusion, No additives (NS, DA, DNS, Koloride, Hartman, baby saline) 72 hours IV infusion with any additives (vitamins, electrolytes, insulin) 24 hours IV infusion with any additives (antibiotic/any medicines other than IV saline) & PMO line of syringe pump/micro burette set 24 hours IV infusion with nutrient rich fluid (Albumin/prosol/fatisol) 24 hours Blood transfusion (WB, PCV, Apharesis) With each bag Blood transfusion (platelet, FFP) Better to change with each bag, but can be changed Every 2-4 hours in case of
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  OPEN VIAL POLICY •Date multidose vials when first opened. Discard within 28 days unless the manufacturer specifies a shorter or longer date for that opened vial. • Any Multidose vial/bottle have to be discarded after 28 days if not otherwise mentioned by the manufacturer. • Medication containers (single and multidose vials, ampoules, and bags) are entered with a new needle and new syringe, even when obtaining additional doses for the same patient. Whenever possible, make multi dose vial for single patient use only. • Ensure the prescribed storage condition. Never seal a broken ampoule with micropore for reuse. Do not combine (pool) leftover contents of single-dose vials for later use. • Disinfect the rubber septum on a medication vial with alcohol before piercing.
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  OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Needlestick/sharp Injury Splashinjury
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  WHAT INFECTIONS CANBE CAUSED BY SHARP INJURIES? • Sharps injuries can expose workers to a number of blood borne pathogens that can cause serious or fatal infections. • The pathogens that pose the most serious health risks are  Hepatitis B virus (HBV)  Hepatitis C virus (HCV)  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
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  RISKS OF SEROCONVERSIONDUE TO SHARPS INJURY FROM A KNOWN POSITIVE SOURCE Virus Risk (Range) HBV 9-30% HCV 1-1.8% HIV 0.3% The risk of exposure following mucous membrane exposure is relatively less (0.09% For HIV)
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  DEVICES ASSOCIATED WITHNEEDLESTICK INJURIES 13% 27% 8% 16% 14% 10% 4% 8% Injuries Winged-steel needle 13% Hypodermic needle 27% Other sharps 8% Glass 16% Suture needle 14% Other hollow bore needle 10% Phlebotomy needle 4 % IV stylets 8%
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  ACTIVITY DURING WHICHNEEDLESTICK AND SHARP INJURIES OCCUR Column1 10% 5% 12% 8% 11% 5% 10% 8% 27% 4% Handling or transferring specimens 10% Improperly disposed sharps 5% Disposal related causes 12% Collision with healthcare worker or sharp 8% During cleaning procedures 11% Recapping 5% Hand-passing device during or after use 10% IV line related causes 8%
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  DO’S For sharp injury: Wash the wound & surrounding area with soap & water. For splash injury: Irrigate thoroughly the site vigorously with water for 5 minutes For Eye splash: Sit in a chair, tilt the head back and ask a colleague to gently pour water or normal saline over the eye For mouth splash: spit fluid out immediately, if gone into mouth then rinse the mouth several times using water or saline Do not panic Do not place the pricked finger into the mouth reflexively Do not squeeze blood from wound Do not use antiseptics and detergent No evidence exists that using antiseptics for wound care or expressing fluid by squeezing the wound further reduces the risk of BB pathogen transmission DONT’S FIRST AID MANAGEMENT OF EXPOSED SITE
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  POST EXPOSURE MANAGEMENT STEPS 1. Firstaid 2. Inform your supervisor 3. Report to Emergency department & fill up the report form with necessary information