10 29 09 Day Of Differentiation
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The document outlines various types of assessments (diagnostic, formative, and summative) used to evaluate student learning and understanding. It discusses the importance of feedback and its impact on student achievement, emphasizing that written comments are more beneficial than letter grades alone. The assessment cycle is described, along with strategies for improving student engagement, understanding, and readiness for learning.
![264 low and high ability grade 6 students in 12 classes in 4 schools; analysis of 132 students at top and bottom of each class Same teaching, same aims, same teachers, same classwork Three kinds of feedback: scores, comments, scores+comments [Butler, Br. J. Educ. Psychology ] Feedback Gain Attitude scores none top +ve bottom -ve comments 30% all +ve both none top +ve bottom -ve](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/10-29-09dayofdifferentiation-100328081006-phpapp02/85/10-29-09-Day-Of-Differentiation-10-320.jpg)
10 29 09 Day Of Differentiation
- 2. Diagnostic -Assessment usually carried out prior to instruction that is designed to determine a student’s attitude, skills, or knowledge in order to identify specific student needs. Formative -Assessment designed to provide direction for improvement and/or adjustment to a program for individual students or for a whole class (e.g., quizzes, initial drafts/attempts, homework, and questions during instruction). Summative -Assessment designed to provide information about a student’s achievement at the end of a period of instruction (e.g., test, exams, final drafts/attempts, assignments, projects, performances). (O’Connor, 2002)
- 3. Common Elements Focused on expectations Engaging for student Enhance students’ knowledge and skills (O’Connor, 2002)
- 4. How interested are students in the concept? How prepared are students for learning new ideas? What preconceptions do students bring to their learning? How do student ideas develop or change with instruction? How do students make sense of their new ideas? How do students use concepts and skills in a new context?
- 5. (Keely, 2008) Stage in Assessment Cycle Type of Assessment Engagement and Readiness Diagnostic Formative Eliciting Prior Knowledge Diagnostic Formative Exploration and Discovery Formative Concept and Skill Development Formative Concept and Skill Transfer Formative and Summative Reflection and Self-Assessment Formative
- 6. Formative Summative Introduction or practice for students learning knowledge and/or skills Students demonstrate knowledge/skill on which they have had opportunity to practice Introduce criteria, allow for feedback, self-assessment, and guided practice Are based on known criteria Focus on individual or group learning Focus primarily on individual student performance (O’Connor, 2002)
- 7. Formative Summative May be narrow in focus- introduce or provide practice for specific skills and knowledge Usually broader - integrate important skills and knowledge Information for report card comments Information for report card grades and comments Not used toward a grade (O’Connor, 2002) Counts toward grade
- 8. F F F F S F F F F
- 9. Comments ONLY Feedback Hinge Questions No Hands Up Traffic Lights Ticket out, 3-2-1 Class/Team Discussions Opportunities for Reflection Opportunities for Revision Use of Rubrics and Exemplars
- 10. 264 low and high ability grade 6 students in 12 classes in 4 schools; analysis of 132 students at top and bottom of each class Same teaching, same aims, same teachers, same classwork Three kinds of feedback: scores, comments, scores+comments [Butler, Br. J. Educ. Psychology ] Feedback Gain Attitude scores none top +ve bottom -ve comments 30% all +ve both none top +ve bottom -ve
- 11. Hinge Questions: Checking Understanding R E F Fulcrum Effort Resistance First Class Lever Second Class Lever Third Class Lever F E R F E R F E R
- 12. Lab Stations Classroom Seating in Triads Lab Stations
- 13. Research shows that students who receive written comments on their work have greater achievement than those that are given letter grades or those that receive letter grades and comments. For this reason, student work will be read and comments will be placed on the work. These comments are intended to coach the students towards greater achievement of the content standards. These comments will be specifically focused on how to improve learning and achievement. Traffic lights will be placed on the assignments to let students know if they are on target or in need of remediation. (Clymer and Wiliam, 2006/07) Green Your work shows that you understand what was taught up to this point in time. Yellow You made some mistakes and may not understand everything at this time. Read the written comments and see me for help as needed. Red Your work shows a lack of understanding. Get help ASAP!
- 14. 4 Advanced = The student regularly exceeds learning target by doing at least one of the following over time: break content into its components, make connections, apply learning target to a new situation, offer alternative perspectives employ other higher order thinking skills
- 15. ( Wormeli, 2008) Item Topic or Proficiency Right Wrong Simple Mistake? Really Don’t Understand 1 Dividing fractions 2 Dividing Fractions 3 Multiplying Fractions 4 Multiplying fractions 5 Reducing to Smplst trms 6 Reducing to Smplst trms 7 Reciprocals 8 Reciprocals 9 Reciprocals
- 16. Reflection on Previous Work: Learning From Our Mistakes! Look over the teacher comments and/or rubric scoring for similar assignment you have already completed this year. Before you start the new assignment, answer the following questions. What aspect of your work was most effective? What aspect of your work was least effective? What will you do differently this time to improve your performance? What feedback from a previous assignment supports the changes you propose? (Copy the teacher comment or rubric descriptor word for word. Tell from which assignment this feedback comes. )
- 18. (Gusky, 2007/08) Corrective Activity With the Teacher With a Friend By Oneself Reteaching X Individual Tutoring X X Peer Tutoring X Cooperative Teams X Course Textbooks X X X Alternative Textbooks X X X Workbooks and Study Guides X X X Academic Games X X X Learning Kits X X Learning Centers and Laboratories X X Computer Activities X X
- 19. Key: M=mastery P=proficient D=developing
- 21. (Wiggins and McTighe, 1998) Thinking Like an Assessor Thinking Like an Activity Designer What would be sufficient and revealing evidence of understanding? What would be interesting and engaging activities on this topic? What performance tasks must anchor the unit and focus the instructional work? What resources and materials are available on this topic? How will I be able to distinguish between those who really understand and those who don’t (though they may seem to)? What will students be doing in and out of class? What assignments well be given? Against what criteria will I distinguish work? How will I give students a grade (and justify it to their parents)? What misunderstandings are likely? How will I check for those? Did the activities work? Why or why not?
- 22. List of Unit concepts and applications Working toward development of concept understanding and refining skills. Needs more practice and further study. Demonstrating proficient skills and understanding of concept applications to a satisfactory level Concept understanding at efficient level to perform well on AP exam. (Solid skill background) EVALUATION LEVEL DEVELOPING APPLY - APPLY APPLY + AP READY Types of Variables (Identify and explain appropriate applications) Identify types of variables Measures of Center (descriptions & resistancy to outliers) Mean Median Mode Trimmed Mean Measures of Center (Calculating with and without a calculator) Mean Median Mode Trimmed Mean
- 23. Clymer, J., & Wiliam, D. (2006/2007). Improving the Way We Grade Science . Educational Leadership, 64(4), 36-42. Gusky (2007/08). The Rest of the Story. Educational Leadership, 65(4), 28-35. Keely, Page (2008). Science Formative Assessment: 75 Practical Strategies for Linking Assessment, Instruction, and Learning. California: Corwin Press. O’Connor (2002). How to Grade for Learning . California: Corwin Press. Wiggins, G. and McTighe, J. (1998). Understanding by Design , Association for Supervision & Curriculum Development (ASCD).