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1540 Ch 13 PowerPoint.pdf
- 1. Fire Protection Systems ThirdEdition Chapter 13 — Property Security, Emergency Response, and Fire Protection Systems
- 2. Objectives ‣Identify and describethe three components of the means of egress. ‣List and describe the override requirements for interior exit stairway doors. ‣List and describe the requirements for delayed egress locking systems.
- 3. Objectives ‣List and describethe requirements for sensor release of electrically locked egress doors. ‣List and describe the requirements for door hardware release of electrically locked egress doors. ‣Describe the purpose of an emergency building entrance system.
- 4. Introduction ‣List what istypically found inside an emergency building entrance system. ‣List and describe the different methods of property access through security gates and vehicle barriers.
- 5. Introduction ‣Focus on securitythat has increased over the past 20 years. ‣There is a growing need for protection against bombs, mass- casualty shootings, espionage, and other threats. ‣Security devices and systems control and document who enters or leaves a building, their purpose and destination.
- 6. Introduction ‣Balancing life safetyand security is the primary challenge. ‣Unoccupied, unguarded, or open facilities are a threat. ‣Individuals must be able to get in and out in emergencies even in these spaces. ‣Responders must be able to gain access.
- 7. Introduction ‣Model codes outlinevarious requirements to deal with ingress and egress. ‣Account for use and occupancy conditions ‣Require some systems to tie into the building fire protection systems ‣No requirements to install door devices
- 8. Introduction ‣Security gates andbarriers are becoming more widespread. ‣Perimeter security is prevalent. ‣Responding local fire and police must be able to gain access in a timely manner.
- 9. Means of Egress ‣Thecontinuous, unobstructed path of travel to the public way ‣Three parts ‣Exit access, exit, exit discharge ‣Everyone must travel through these parts. ‣Familiarity with them is critical. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 10. Means of Egress ‣Exitaccess ‣Portion that leads to the exit ‣Any useable space considered exit access until it reaches an exit ‣Not closed attics, crawl spaces, and roofs ‣Model codes limit travel distance to an exit based on occupancy condition and presence/absence of sprinkler system. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 11. Means of Egress ‣Exit ‣Portionseparated from rest of building by fire-resistant or fire-rated construction ‣Exit stairway, horizontal exit built to protect and provide safe egress ‣No requirement for fire-rated enclosure for one-level stand-alone store with an open floor and exit doors © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 12. Means of Egress ‣Exitdischarge ‣Portion between the exit and public way ‣Takes a person from the exit door away from building to street, alley, etc. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 13. Means of Egress ‣Maintainingthe means of egress ‣Over the past 15 or more years, there have been fires in all types of use and occupancy conditions. ‣Many injuries/deaths result from locked, blocked, removed, obscured, or damaged exit doors. ‣Model codes have requirements in the building, life safety, and fire codes to address this. ‣Many problems with means of egress persist. ‣Must be able to identify the three egress components
- 14. Interior Exit StairwayDoors ‣General requirements ‣Usually interior exit stairway doors must open from both sides without requiring special knowledge, effort, or keys. ‣Model codes list some exceptions. ‣Can lock for security and to control floor-to-floor movement ‣Doors can lock on non-egress side for stairways that do not serve more than four stories. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 15. Interior Exit StairwayDoors ‣This facilitates an emergency responder to turn a key, push a button, or flip a switch on or near the fire alarm annunciator panel. ‣By unlocking the doors, the occupants and emergency responders are able to relocate to another floor. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 16. Delayed Egress Locking ‣Whensecurity is a concern, it may be okay to control exiting for safety and security reasons. ‣Facilities that work with people with cognitive or psychiatric challenges ‣Large retail stores © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 17. Delayed Egress Locking ‣Modelcodes include a section on delayed egress locking. ‣Considerations: ‣Use and occupancy conditions ‣Presence of automatic sprinkler system or approved automatic fire/heat detection system ‣Specific installation requirements: ‣Examples include unlocking on activation of sprinkler/heat detection system, loss of power, application of force, relocking must occur manually, etc.
- 18. Delayed Egress Locking ‣Otherrequirements include signage within 12 inches of the door hardware: ‣Instructions to push on the release device ‣Emergency lights ‣The sign must also state that the door will open within 15 seconds (30 seconds if approved) © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 19. Delayed Egress Locking ‣Othermodel code information ‣The system hardware must be listed in accordance with UL 294, Standard for Access Control System Units. ‣2018 IBC® allows only one delayed egress door lock in an occupant’s path out of a building. ‣Each model code may have additional and differing requirements. ‣Know jurisdictional requirements.
- 20. Sensor Release EgressDoors ‣Sometimes it is critical to control who enters a building. ‣Many building owners install electrically locked security devices on entrance doors to restrict or prevent unwanted visitors from entering. ‣Should not prevent anyone from getting out © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 21. Sensor Release EgressDoors ‣Model codes include many requirements. ‣Require unlocking on activation of automatic release sensor, loss of power, or activation of other systems such as sprinklers or fire detection ‣Manual unlocking device with signage and emergency lights required ‣Some model codes require doors to stay open during business hours. ‣The system hardware must be listed in accordance with UL 294, Standard for Access Control System Units.
- 22. Door Hardware Releaseof Electrically Locked Egress Doors ‣This method addresses concerns about criminals and terrorists activating fire protection systems to gain unauthorized entry. ‣Eliminates releasing hardware and interface with other systems but still provide secure door
- 23. Door Hardware Releaseof Electrically Locked Egress Doors ‣Model code requirements and differences ‣IBC® establishes use and occupancy conditions. ‣NFPA standards do not have these conditions. ‣The system hardware must be listed in accordance with UL 294, Standard for Access Control System Units.
- 24. Door Hardware Releaseof Electrically Locked Egress Doors ‣Model code requirements and differences (cont’d) ‣Specifics: ‣Hardware on door leaf must have obvious method of operation to the occupant. ‣Hardware for occupant release must be affixed to door leaf (NFPA). ‣Hardware for occupant release must be operable in all lighting conditions (IBC®). ‣Installed hardware must be operable with one hand.
- 25. Door Hardware Releaseof Electrically Locked Egress Doors ‣ Model code requirements and differences (cont’d) ‣ Specifics (cont’d): ‣ When listed hardware is operating, power to electromagnetic/electric lock must be immediately interrupted. ‣ Door must unlock following loss of power to the listed hardware. ‣ Where panic or fire exit hardware is required, operation must release electromagnetic lock (IBC®).
- 26. Fire Department AccessSystems ‣Emergency responders are adept at gaining access to buildings. ‣Forcible entry is performed if access is not readily available, to reduce operational delays that could lead to out-of-control fire or injuries. ‣When justifiable, property owners do not object to forcible entry, but it becomes problematic for false alarm situations.
- 27. Fire Department AccessSystems ‣ Emergency building entrance systems allow entry without knocking down doors/breaking windows. ‣ Safe-life security box is anchored in or to the entrance wall. ‣ Many jurisdictions require them for all buildings that has fire protection system except one- and two-family homes. © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning.
- 28. Fire Department AccessSystems ‣The newer boxes use advances in engineering that integrate electronic technology to perform a number of functions. ‣Employs fob-type device that is designed to be operated within the registered jurisdiction. ‣Improved security by setting time limit that helps deactivating device if lost or stolen.
- 29. Fire Department AccessSystems ‣SDS, HMMP, and HMIS documentation may be required on site. ‣Amount of information may require additional/separate boxes. ‣Box size varies with documentation and number of keys. ‣SDS and HMIS require larger boxes. ‣Many documents are now in USB flash drive, CD/DVD format, or accessible via wireless devices.
- 30. Security Gates ‣Restricting accessto communities or facilities with gates is now common. ‣Gates vary from small plastic, to motor-driven metal gates, to concrete crash barriers. ‣Emergency responders must be able to get through without delay. ‣Emergency responders should be involved in decision making.
- 31. Security Gates ‣Siren sensors ‣Detectemergency vehicle sirens and operate gate mechanism ‣One of the most common access systems ‣Allow fire personnel to stay in the vehicle ‣Must be inspected periodically ‣Usually have manual override © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 32. Security Gates ‣Proprietary firedepartment access key ‣Some gates/barriers require key for operation. ‣May be the same as key for emergency building access system ‣Not as efficient as sirens but simpler ‣Put key in switch and turn ‣Can act as backup to sirens © A. Maurice Jones, Jr./Jones & Bartlett Learning
- 33. Security Gates ‣Access cards,fobs, and access codes ‣One of the least desirable methods ‣Responders must leave their vehicles and follow a number of steps. ‣Present a fob ‣Enter a code into security access panel ‣Sometimes the cards and codes fail, losing valuable time. ‣Life and property can be placed in great danger.
- 34. Security Gates ‣Radio frequencysensor ‣Similar to siren system but uses emergency responder’s radio ‣Responders can stay in vehicle. ‣Periodic inspection and testing are necessary. ‣Although the sensor is sealed, it can lose its sensitivity and detection capabilities due to variations in temperature and exposure to dirt or other debris.
- 35. Security Gates ‣Fire protectionsystem interface ‣Gate control mechanisms connect to fire alarm system to perform control functions. ‣Only an alarm initiation device such as detector or water flow switch is required to activate. ‣Once signaled to operate, gate opens in advance of fire department’s arrival. ‣Method is not available if there is no fire protection system.