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- 1. 21st Century Skills ByOumamaAbdallah Inspectors: Mr. Mahmoud Laifa Mrs. Saida Jandoubi CREFOC Gafsa Date: May 4th, 2019
- 2. Content What isthe notion of “21st Century Skills”? The Three 21st Century Skills Categories The Debate Why Teach 21st Century Skills? Tips for Teachers
- 3. What is thenotion of “21st Century Skills”? According to Glossary of Educational Reform “The term…refers to a broad set of knowledge, skills, work habits, and character traits that are believed – by educators, school reformers, college professors, employees, and others – to be critically important to success in today’s world, particularly in collegiate programs and contemporary careers and workplaces.” 21st Century skills are the key abilities that today’s students need to succeed in their careers during the Information Age. A number of related terms—including applied skills, cross-curricular skills, cross- disciplinary skills, interdisciplinary skills, transferable skills, transversal skills, noncognitive skills, and soft skills, among others—are also used in reference to or associated with 21st century skills. What is included in 21st Century skills?
- 4. What does “Skill” mean? TheOxford dictionary defines Skill as a particular ability. Examples: ▶ The skill of leadership. ▶ The skills of life. What is the “Information Age”? Computer Age, Digital Age, New Media Age, or Age of Internet. The Oxford dictionary defines it as the era in which the retrieval, management, and transmission of information, especially by using computer technology, is a principal activity. (Origin: 1960s) It is characterized by the rapid shift from traditional industry (Industrial Revolution) to an economy based on information technology that shapes a knowledge-based society surrounded by a high-tech global economy.
- 5. What is includedin 21st Century skills? ▶ There are 12 key skills: 21st Century skills Critical thinking Collaboration Creativity Communication Information literacy Media literacy T echnology literacy Flexibility Leadership Initiative Productivity Social skills
- 6. What is includedin 21st Century skills? ▶ Each of 12 21st Century skill is broken into one of three categories: The Three 21st Century Skill Categories I Learning skills II Literacy skills III Life skills
- 7. Category I Learning Skills Theseare called the 4C’s ▶ Critical thinking ▶ Creativity ▶ Collaboration ▶ Communication They teach students about the mental processes required to adapt and improve upon a modern work environment. The 4 C’s are by far the most popular 21st Century skills.
- 8. Category I Learning Skills:4C’s Definitions 1- Critical thinking • the objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment. • Accessing and analyzing information, and finding solutions to problems 2- Creativity • the use of imagination or original ideas to create something; inventiveness. • Thinking outside the box 3- Collaboration • the action of working with someone to produce something. •Working with others 4- Communication • (both written and oral) • the imparting or exchanging of information by speaking, writing, or using some other medium. • Conveying ideas
- 9. Critical Thinking: Why isit Important? Students need the ability to think analytically, which includes proficiency with evaluating, without comparing, contrasting, synthesizing, and applying instruction or supervision. ▶ Analytical thinkers see data and information in many different dimensions, and from multiple angles. They are adept at conceptualization, organization and classification, and knowledge synthesis. ▶ It empowers students to make effective and level-headed decisions. It’s easy to see why critical and analytical thinking skills are important to success beyond school. Problem-solvers are initiative takers who enjoy risk, and they aren’t afraid to make mistakes. ▶ They learn from those mistakes, and habitually debrief their processes to create more efficient and economical solutions. ▶ Problem-solving is a skill that comes naturally to students and this can be advanced profoundly with the proper engagement in their learning. rewarding projects This comes from doing and meaningful tasks that give them challenges to overcome.
- 10. Critical Thinking Problem Solving Analyticthinking = solving complex problems effectively in real time using unique and carefully designed solutions. = being able to use the higher end of Bloom’s Digital Taxonomy or higher-order thinking skills (HOTS).
- 11. Quote ▶ American essayist,poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, yogi, and historian.
- 12. Creativity: Why is itimportant? ▶ Creativity is equally important as a means of adaptation. ▶ This skill empowers students to see concepts in a different light, which leads to innovation. ▶ Students need to be able to think and work creatively in both digital and nondigital environments to develop unique and useful solutions. “People who’ve learned to ask great questions and have learned to be inquisitive are the ones who move the fastest in our environment because they solve the biggest problems in ways that have the most impact on innovation.”, said by Mike Summers, vice president for Global Talent Management at Dell
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- 14. Collaboration: Importance Collaboration meansgetting students to work together, achieve compromises, and get the best possible results from solving a problem. All participants have to be willing to sacrifice parts of their own ideas and adopt others to get results for the team. That means understanding the idea of a “greater good”. ▶ Connection and collaboration with others are essential not only to their learning but their mental and emotional health. ▶ Teamwork is no longer just about working with others in your building. Christie Pedra, CEO of Siemens, explained, “Technology has allowed for virtual teams. We have teams working on major infrastructure projects that are all over the U.S. On other projects, you’re working with people all around the world on solving a software problem. Every week they’re on a variety of conference calls; they’re doing Web casts; they’re doing net meetings.” ▶ Students must possess the ability to collaborate in both physical and virtual spaces, with real and virtual partners globally.
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- 16. Communication: Importance Students mustbe able to communicate in multiple multimedia formats (through video and imagery) as effectively as they do with text and speech. ▶ Encouraging students to develop and refine their communication skills will serve them well in both their personal and professional lives. ▶ It’s crucial for students to learn how to effectively convey ideas, because effective communication eliminates confusion. ▶ Mike Summers, vice president for Global Talent Management at Dell, said “We are routinely surprised at the difficulty some young people have in communicating: verbal skills, written skills, presentation skills. They have difficulty being clear and concise; it’s hard for them to create focus, energy, and passion around the points they want to make. If you’re talking to an exec, the first thing you’ll get asked if you haven’t made it perfectly clear in the first 60 seconds of your presentation is, ‘What do you want me to take away from this meeting?’ They don’t know how to answer that question.”
- 17. Quotes American essayist, lecturer,lead the transcendentalist movement. American writer and influencer. Founded Success Motivation Institute and dedicated it to "motivating people to their full potential”.
- 18. Category II Literacy Skills Theseare called IMT skills = application of technology to work flow ▶ 1- Information Literacy ▶ 2- Media Literacy ▶ 3- Technology literacy They’re each concerned with a different element in digital comprehension. (The ability to understand and to use computer technology)
- 19. Category II Literacy Skills (IMTskills) Focus on how students: ¤ discern facts, publishing outlets, and the technology behind them; ¤ can determine trustworthy sources and factual information to separate it from misinformation that floods the Internet. Skills, work habits, and character traits commonly associated with IMT: Information and communication technology (ICT) literacy, data interpretation and analysis, computer programming… Given the widespread availability of information today, students no longer need teachers to lecture to them on the causes of the Civil War, for example, because that information is readily available—and often in more engaging formats that a typical classroom lecture. Educators should use in-school time to teach students how to find, interpret, and use information, rather than using most or all of the time to present information.
- 20. Literacy Skills: Definitions 1- InformationLiteracy • Information means facts provided or learned about something or someone. • Literacy means the ability to read and write + Competence or knowledge in a specified area. • Information literacy: Understanding facts, figures, statistics, and data 2- Media Literacy • Media: the main means of mass communication (broadcasting, publishing, and the Internet). • Media Literacy: the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, create, and act using all forms of communication. • Media literacy education is intended to promote awareness of media influence and create an active stance towards both consuming and creating media. 3- Technology literacy • Technology means the machinery and equipment developed from the application of scientific knowledge. • Technology literacy is the ability to use, manage, understand, and assess technology.
- 21. 1- Information LiteracySkill: Why is it important? Information literacy is the foundational skill. ▶ It helps students understand facts, especially data points, that they’ll encounter online. ▶ It teaches them how to separate fact from fiction. ▶ In an age of chronic misinformation, finding truth online has become a job all on its own. It’s crucial that students can identify honesty on their own. Otherwise, they can fall prey to myths, misconceptions, and outright lies.
- 22. 2- Media LiteracySkill: Why is it important? Media literacy is the practice of identifying publishing methods, outlets, and sources while distinguishing between the ones that are credible and the ones that aren’t. It is understanding the methods and outlets in which information is published ▶ Just like the previous skill, media literacy is helpful for students to find trustworthy sources of information. ▶ With it, they can learn which media outlets or formats to ignore or which ones to embrace.
- 23. 3- Technology literacySkill: Importance It is understanding the machines that make the Information Age possible Technology literacy teaches students about the machines involved in the Information Age. As computers, cloud programming, and mobile devices become more important to the world, the world needs more people to understand those concepts. ▶ It gives students the basic information they need to understand what gadgets perform what tasks and why. ▶ As a result, students can adapt to the world more effectively and can play an important role in its evolution.
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- 25. Category III Life Skills Theseare called FLIPS These skills all pertain to someone’s personal life, but they also bleed into professional settings. ▶ Flexibility ▶ Leadership ▶ Initiative ▶ Productivity ▶ Social skills
- 26. Life Skills: Definitions The OxfordDictionary Definition Flexibility The willingness to change or compromise. Leadership The action of leading a group of people or an organization. Initiative The power or opportunity to act or take charge before others do. Productivity The effectiveness of productive effort, especially in industry, as measured in terms of the rate of output per unit of input. Skills, work habits, and character traits commonly associated with it Agility, Adaptability Perseverance, self-direction, planning, self- discipline, the ability to influence. Proactive, taking action, have courage to speak up and point the flaws Efficiency, time management Social skills The skills required for successful social interaction. Global awareness, multicultural literacy, humanitarianism, Civic, ethical, and social- justice literacy …
- 27. 1- Flexibility: Importance Flexibilityis the expression of someone’s ability to adapt to changing circumstances. ▶ Knowing when to change, how to change, and how to react to change is a crucial skill to a student’s long-term success. ▶ Clay Parker, president of the Chemical Management Division of BOC, explained that anyone who works at BOC Edwards today “has to think, be flexible, change, and use a variety of tools to solve new problems. We change what we do all the time. I can guarantee the job I hire someone to do will change or may not exist in the future, so this is why adaptability and learning skills are more important than technical skills.”
- 29. 2- Leadership :Importance Leadership is someone’s penchant for setting goals, walking a team through the steps required, and achieving those goals collaboratively. ▶ It gives ambitious students the expertise they need to grow professionally and lead whole corporations. ▶ Leadership alone isn’t enough to get ahead though.
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- 31. 3- Initiative: Importance ▶True success also requires initiative, requiring students to be self-starters. ▶ This is one of the hardest skills to learn and practice. Initiative often means working on projects outside of regular working hours. ▶ It is an attribute that earns rewards. It’s especially indicative of someone’s character in terms of work ethic and professional progress. ▶ That goes double when initiative is practiced with qualities like flexibility and leadership. ▶ Mark Chandler, senior vice president and general counsel at Cisco, was one of the strongest proponents of initiative: “I say to my employees, if you try five things and get all five of them right, you may be failing. If you try 10 things, and get eight of them right, you’re a hero. You’ll never be blamed for failing to reach a stretch goal, but you will be blamed for not trying. One of the problems of a large company is risk aversion. Our challenge is how to create an entrepreneurial culture in a larger organization.”
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- 33. 4- Productivity: Importance Productivityis a student’s ability to complete work in an appropriate amount of time. In business terms, it’s called “efficiency.” ▶ The common goal of any professional is to get more done in less time. ▶ That equips them with the practical means to carry out the ideas they determine through flexibility, leadership, and initiative. ▶ By understanding productivity strategies at every level, students discover the ways in which they work best while gaining an appreciation for how others work as well.
- 34. ▶ Social skillshelp students to act and communicate with others in a meaningful way. Social Skills The Schooling Students Need making friends cooperating with others dealing with anger/frustrationy asking questions appropriately joining a group activity 5- Social skills: Importance
- 35. 21st Century Skills: TheDebate There is a great deal of debate about 21st century skills: ▶ What skills are most important? How such skills should be taught to their appropriate role in education? ▶ There is no clear consensus on what skills specifically constitute “21st century skills,” the concept tends to be interpreted and applied in different ways, which can lead to ambiguity, confusion, and inconsistency. ▶ Schools and teachers have always taught, and will continue to teach, 21st Century skills—they just never gave it a label. The debate over “content vs. skills” is not new, which makes the term “21st century skills” somewhat misleading and inaccurate. ▶ 21st century skills are extremely difficult to assess reliably and consistently. ▶ Focusing too much on 21st century skills could water-down academic courses, and students may not get “the basics.” The more time teachers spend on skill-related instruction, the less time they will have for content-based instruction. ▶ The calls for placing a greater emphasis on 21st century skills in education has become a touchstone in a larger debate about what schools should be teaching and what the purpose of education should be. For example: Is the purpose of public education to get students to pass a test and earn a high school diploma? Or is the purpose to prepare students for success in higher education and modern careers?
- 36. Why Teach 21st CenturySkills? There is broad agreement that today’s students need different skills than were perhaps taught to previous generations. ▶ With 21st Century skills, your students will have the adaptive qualities they need to keep up with 21st Century economy and society. ▶ Students need to be taught how to process, parse, and use information. ▶ Just teaching students ideas and facts, without teaching them how to use them in real-life settings, is no longer enough. Schools need to adapt and develop new ways of teaching and learning that reflect a changing world. The purpose of school should be to prepare students for success after graduation. Each skill is unique in how it helps students, but they all have one key focus: Someone’s ability to enact and / or adapt to change • As teacher, we need to establish what 21st Century skills are.
- 37. Why Teach 21st CenturySkills? 21st Century economy and society. complex knowledge-based information-age a worldwide market that moves faster by the day and the only consistency from year to year is change. modern workplaces higher-level capabilities technology-driven information and knowledge are increasing at such an astronomical rate that no one can learn everything about every subject constantly evolving What may appear true today could be proven to be false tomorrow, and the jobs that students will get after they graduate may not yet exist. The skills students learn should reflect the specific demands that will be placed upon them in 21st Century economy and society: lower prices newer features
- 38. 21st Century LifeSkills: Tips for Teachers ▶ Skills are not taught in an isolated or haphazard manner but instead are incorporated into content in meaningful ways that allow students to build upon their skill development. ▶ It is important that we explain each skill, and perhaps let students discuss with their peers what it will look like and sound like when the skill is being practiced or learned. ▶ Because skill development happens over time, it is an on-going process. Whenever students are working on skill development, we need to be explicit about which skill or skills are being addressed. ▶ Knowing how and whether students are improving their skills requires continuous monitoring, providing groups and individuals feedback, and allowing students to reflect on their progress in writing or through conversations. ▶ We have to constantly be on the lookout for ways to update strategies already in our repertoires and for additional strategies to use that allow students to practice and demonstrate 21st century skills.
- 39. 21st Century LifeSkills: Tips for Teachers ▶ Sarah Brown Wessling of the Teaching Channel has clarified the charge that has been placed on educators in the following way: “Twenty-first century learning embodies an approach to teaching that marries content to skill. Without skills, students are left to memorize facts, recall details for worksheets, and relegate their educational experience to passivity. Without content, students may engage in problem-solving or team-working experiences that fall into triviality, into relevance without rigor. Instead, the 21st century learning paradigm offers an opportunity to synthesize the margins of the content vs. skills debate and bring it into a framework that dispels these dichotomies.” Thus, skills are not taught in an isolated or haphazard manner but instead are incorporated into content in meaningful ways that allow students to build upon their skill development.
- 41. References ▶ https://www.edglossary.org ▶ MostLikely to Succeed: Preparing Our Kids for The Innovation Era,Tony Wagner ▶ https://en.oxforddictionaries.com