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33-2 Powerpoint
- 1. Chinese Civil War& Triumph of CommunismMaterial taken from 30-3 and 33-2
- 2. Sun YixianWho isSun Yixian?Why is he significant?
- 3. Chinese Warlords, 1920sYuanShikaiWarlords in power in many districtsKuomintang has control of southern ChinaYuan Shikai
- 4. The Communist Partyin China
- 5. Lenin Befriends ChinaW.Democracies don’t support Sun Yixian’s request for aid… turn to USSRKuomintang (in south) allies with Chinese Communist Party (CCP)Lenin sends help to ChinaWhat forms of help does Lenin send?Military advisers, equipment, Chinese soldiers go to Moscow for training
- 6. Nationalists and CommunistsClashNationalists and Communists fight against warlords togetherSoon Jiang turns against Communists
- 7. Jiang Jieshi BecomesPresident of Nationalist China, 1928
- 8. Jiang JieshiAKA ChiangKai-ShekPolitical and military leader of ChinaNationalist PartyRuled as a dictatorFears Communists goal of Socialist economy1927 Communist Purges
- 9. Peasants Align Themselveswith CommunistsJiang’s government: promises democracy…but very corruptDoes not improve life of peasantsPeasants turn to Communist Party
- 10. Mao’s Version ofCommunism?Lenin – got support from the workers in the citiesMao – support of the rural peasants in China
- 11. Civil War inChina
- 12. Guerilla Tactics?Retreat whenenemy advancesHarass when enemy encampsAttack when enemy hesitatesPursue when enemy retreats
- 13. What were theresults of the Long March?2/3 did not complete journeyTurning point of Chinese Civil War: More Chinese people joined the Communists
- 14. The Long March1933:Nationalists surrounded Communists; outnumber 6:11934: Communists fled6,000 mile-long journeyLasts more than a yearStarts out with 100,000; 10-30,000 reach NW China safely
- 16. Japan’s Invasion Suspendsthe Civil War1931: invade Manchuria1937: all-out invasion of ChinaWhat is the effect of Japan’s invasion on the Civil War?Civil War stops when Nationalists and Communists join forces against Japan
- 18. Civil War inChinaU.S. supports Nationalists -- $2 billion in aid; army outnumbers Communists 3:1Communists, however – public support & guerilla tactics
- 19. Reasons for theCommunists’ SuccessMao won support of peasantsMao won support of womenMao’s army used guerilla war tacticsMany saw Nationalist government as corruptMany felt that the Nationalists allowed foreigners to dominate China
- 20. People’s Republic ofChinaOctober 1949: Nationalists flee3. What aspect of the Communist approach do you think was most responsible for Mao’s victory?
- 21.
- 22. Mao Zedong1893-1976Revolutionary, leaderof Long MarchLeader of China 1943-1976
- 23.
- 24. “Great Leap Forward”1958Ambitiousprogram to expand success of 1st Five Year PlanLarger collective farms (communes)Strict control of communes – huge communities
- 25. “Great Leap Forward”…or “Great Leap Backward?”Poor planningInefficient industriesCrop failuresDiscontinued in 1961NOTE: YOUR PAPER SAYS 1861…fix it
- 26. What circumstances preventedMao’s Great Leap Froward from bringing economic prosperity to China?Mao’s strict socialismLife in a communeEnvironmental problems
- 27. New Policies andMao’s ResponseTerritorial disputes; Soviet aid to China stopsMao reduces role of governmentRelaxes strict socialism until 1966
- 28. Cultural RevolutionRed Guards:student-formed militia unitsGoal – establish society of peasants and workers in which all were equalShut down colleges and schoolsTarget anyone with privileges or resisted regimeThousands executed or died in jail
- 29. Cultural Revolution1966-1976Chaos; factoriesand farm production threatenedRed Guards dissolvedRadical movement led to calls for modernization in China and a more moderate approach
- 30. How did thisradical China become an ally of the United States?China began opening up door again in the 1970sModernizing China – agriculture, industry, defense, and science / technologyEliminate many of Mao’s reforms (communes, etc.)China is still Communist
- 31. U.S. doesn’t approveof Communist regime in China…but open to them economically2000: U.S. voted to normalize trade with China…best way to prompt change is through greater engagementToday…Google issues in ChinaHow did this radical China become an ally of the United States?
- 32. China TodayEconomy forecastedto be bigger than U.S. economy by 2016China still has planned economy…but keeps opening up to further western influenceHuman rights discussion in China
- 33. One-Child Policy Introduced in1978, implemented 1979Family permitted to have one childPolicy has developed – Fines for extra children, plus have to pay for education and health careMultiple births ARE allowedImplications:Male: Female = 117:100 (vs. average of 103:100)Infanticide, forced abortions, abandoning childrenNot implemented the same throughout China – some districts = more strict than othersMarch 2011 – reconsidered, discuss possibility of 2 child policy?