4.ETHICAL & LEGAL ISSUES IN MIDWIFERY & OBSTETRICS PPT.pptx

4.ETHICAL & LEGAL ISSUES IN MIDWIFERY & OBSTETRICS PPT.pptx

• 1.
  B.SC NURSING MIDWIFERY &OBSTETRICAL NURSING UNIT – I INTRODUCTION TO MIDWIFERY & OBSTETRICAL NURSING - LEGAL & ETHICAL ASPECTS MRS.V.ELIZEBETH RANI, PROFESSOR, VHS- MACCON
• 2.
  OBJECTIVES At the endof the class the students will be able to, • explain ethical and legal issues in Antenatal period. • describe ethical and legal issues in Intranatal period. • illustrate ethical and legal issues in postnatal period. • indicate ethical and legal issues concerning the hospital care provider.
• 3.
  INTRODUCTION • Maternal andchild health is a crucial and fragile part of the health sector, where both the mother and the child are dependent on each other. • Some of the sensitive issues are sexual and physical assault, rape, miscarriage, surrogate mother, abortion and infertility. • These issues affect the growth of the foetus, adolescent children, women in the reproductive age, and the menopausal women. • Therefore, there is an important need for a midwife to tackle theses issues carefully and solve them by applying the ethical principles and the legislations available.
• 4.
  ETHICAL AND LEGALISSUES IN ANTENATAL PERIOD • Sexual abuse of the pregnant woman. • Physical assault of the pregnant woman by the spouse and the in-laws and not providing enough food to her. • Curiosity to know the sex of the foetus in the antenatal period. • Bribing the health care providers to know the sex of the foetus. • Forcing the pregnant woman to abort the female foetus. • Aborting foetus in order to go abroad, because of restrictions in immigration.
• 5.
  • Aborting foetusbecause of unwanted pregnancy as a result of failure in contraceptive devices or pills, or carelessness in parents. • Failure of family planning procedures such as tubectomy. • Pregnant woman being forced to work hard by the in-laws. • Immigrant mothers not being explained by the health care providers during antenatal visit about abortion and the care to be taken during pregnancy. • Neglect of health care providers to provide periodic check-up to mothers in the high-risk group. • Sexual abuse and pregnancy because of rape are all criminal offences punishable by law, but are not punished or the verdict is delayed by the court.
• 6.
  ETHICAL AND LEGALISSUES IN INTRANATAL: MOTHER • Delivery: Unfavourable circumstances in the hospital or home that affect the lives of the foetus and the mother. • Negligence or malpractice during labour. • Mishandling third stage of labour leading to primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). • Forced lower segment caesarean section (LSCS)
• 7.
  ETHICAL AND LEGALISSUES IN POSTNATAL: MOTHER AND NEWBORN • Psychiatric illness in mother such as post-partum depression, Post-partum blues; neglect in mother and newborn. • Status of surrogate mother in post-partum period. • Sale of newborn for money by mother. • Neglect of mother to feed the newborn with breast milk. • Physical and sexual abuse in newborn.
• 8.
  ETHICAL AND LEGALISSUES CONCERNING THE HOSPITAL CARE PROVIDER • Not telling the truth when a foetus is diagnosed with a handicap or congenital anomalies. • Delaying information about the death of the foetus. • Being careless and making mistakes in lab reports. • Using materials and drugs after expiry date. • Providing treatment with the motive of monetary profit, for example, conducting LSCS instead of normal delivery. • Showing discrimination based on socioeconomic status. • Abusing patients physically, verbally and sexually.
• 9.
  OTHER ISSUES • SURROGACY •EGG DONOTION • ARTIFICIAL REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY • INFORMED CONSENT • PRENATAL SCREENING • IN VITRO FERTILIZATION ( IVF) • EUGENITICS AND GENE MANIPULATION • FEMALE FOETICIDE • FETAL TISSUE RESEARCH • EUGENICS, GENE MANIPULATION • PRETERM & HIGH RISK NEONATE TREATMENT • CORDBLOOD BANKING • EMBRYONIC SREM CELL RESEARCH • MEN IN LABOUR • FAMILY PLANNING • COLUSTRUM FEEDING • TRANS SEXUALISM • HYMEN RECONSTRUCTION
• 10.
  SUMMARY • We discussedabout ethical & legal issues in antenatal, intranatal, postnatal & hospital care provider. • Obstetrics and gynecology nurses will face many ethical and legal issues during antenatal, Intranatal, and postnatal period but they should be careful and adopt ethical and legal principles to safeguard the mother and the foetus.
• 11.
  REFERENCE • Bobak, I.M.,& Leonard, D. (1995). Text Book Of Maternity & Gynecologic Care :The Nurse & The Family (4th ed.). Mosby Publication. • Diane., Fraser., & Margret. (2003). Text Book for Midwives (14th ed.). Elsevier Publishers. • Dutta, D.c., & Hiralal Konar. (2013). Text Book of Obstetrics (7th ed.). Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. • Elizabeth, M (2014). Midwifery for Nurses (2nd ed.). Sathish Kumar Jain Publishers. • Grady,C., Danis,M., & Ulrich,C.M. (2008). Does Ethics Education Influence the Moral Action of Practicing Nurses and Social Workers?. American Journal of Bioethics. • Potter, P. A., & Perry, A. G. (1999). Basic Nursing: Essentials for Practice (5th ed.). New York : Mosby Publications. • Tauber,A.I. (2005) Patient Autonomy and the Ethics of Responsibility Cambridge : MIT Press.