XEODesign: Putting Emotion
                                in Play




  The Four Keys to Engagement
     The Psychology of Fun:
Transform Awareness to Impact with the Emotions from Play

                                          Nicole Lazzaro
                                         XEODesign, Inc.
                                GSummit SF, April 18, 2013

 www.xeodesign.com                           @NicoleLazzaro   1
©2013 XEODesign Inc.
I Am of the Pong Generation




                                                            2
I Grew Up Reading Sci Fi and Playing Games in the Arcades
www.xeodesign.com
                                                © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                20 Years of Player Experience
                Research and Design




XEODesign




                                                       3
            100 Million Player Experiences
www.xeodesign.com
                                                       © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                How Can Fun Take Us from
                Awareness to Impact?


      Want                               Reality


         Work                          Fun
         20%                           20%




Fun                                             Work
80%                                             80%




                                                              4
If This Is What We Want, Why Is This What We Get?
www.xeodesign.com
                                                     © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




              Create Natural Engagement



                  Fun
                  20%             Work
                                  30%




                     Fun
                     Work
                     50%


                                                            5
The 4 Keys to Engagement: What we want is more fun
www.xeodesign.com
                                                   © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




       Dopamine Enhances Focus
       It Rewards and Feels Good Too


                                  DOPAMINE

                       • Reward System
                       • Focus increases focus
                         (addiction is an over focus)
                       • Love brain centers activate

                       Instead of aiming for
                       addiction, let’s use dopamine for
                       good! Help people focus on what
                       they need to unlock their
                       potential and improve their
                       quality of life.
                                                          6
Positive Brain States Focus Attention
www.xeodesign.com
                                                            © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                 Positive Engaged Brains
                 Boost Productivity 50%


                                 Positive Mental States Increase:
                                 • 50% more productive
                                 • 237% generated new leads
                                 • Up to 50% closed sales faster
                                 • 210% increased profits
                                 • 67–100% more emotionally
                                   engaged



Fear State        Happy State

                                                  AMA Survey 2013

                                                                   7
If You Want People to Think Fear Is Not A Great Motivator
www.xeodesign.com
                                                                       © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                           Deep Engagement = Fun
                           The Good News is that Happiest Moments are in
                           the Zone




                                          • In Flow engaged and happy
                                          • Balance difficulty and skill
                                          • Fiero requires frustration o/




Modified from “Flow” Csikszentmnihalyi

                                                                              8
          Work Also Requires a Balance of Difficulty and Skill
www.xeodesign.com
                                                         © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                      Emotion During Play




                     Fiero               Curiosity
                Amusement               Relaxation




Watched Player Emotions to Measure Kinds of Engagement
www.xeodesign.com
                                                              © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                    Categorized Most Engaging
                    Moments by Player Emotion


Frustration                                   Wonder
Fiero                                         Surprise
Relief                                        Curiosity



Schadenfreude                                 Relax
Amusement                                     Desire
Naches                                        Excite


                  Positive Engagement

   Player’s Favorite Moments Created Many Kinds of Emotions        10
www.xeodesign.com
                                                          © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                    Identified Engagement
                    Mechanics


Frustration                                   Wonder
Fiero                                         Surprise
Relief                                        Curiosity
CHOICES                                       CHOICES

Schadenfreude                                 Relax
Amusement                                     Desire
Naches                                        Excite
CHOICES                                       CHOICES
                  Positive Engagement

                                                               11
         Player Choices Create Many Kinds of Emotions
www.xeodesign.com
                                                             © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                       Created Map for Designing
                       Engagement


Frustration                                      Wonder
Fiero                                            Surprise
Relief                                           Curiosity
CHOICES                                          CHOICES

Schadenfreude                                    Relax
Amusement                                        Desire
Naches                                           Excite
CHOICES                                          CHOICES
                    Positive Engagement

                                                                  12
              Identified Systems to Create Engagement
www.xeodesign.com
                                                    © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




              This Model Increases
              Engagement Metrics 20-40%




                                                         13
We are More Engaged When Emotion Surrounds Choice
www.xeodesign.com
                                                © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




             4 Keys To Engagement
             Novelty, Challenge, Friendship, Meaning



                          • Most Engaging
                            Moments created
                            emotion
                          • Best Selling Games
                            have 3-4 keys




                                                     14
Easy Fun> Hard Fun> People Fun> Serious Fun
www.xeodesign.com
                                    © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                                         15
Free to Download at: www.4K2F.com
www.xeodesign.com
                                          © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




     Hard Fun
You can’t just push a button to win




                                               16
Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
www.xeodesign.com
                               © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




Obstacle



                 Goal


                        Strategy




                                    17
           Hard Fun
www.xeodesign.com
                                          © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




     Easy Fun
The bubble wrap of game design




                                               18
Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
www.xeodesign.com
                                                       © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




            Easy Fun




                                                            19
Easy Fun: Controls, Creativity, Exploration, Fantasy
www.xeodesign.com
                                          © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




  People Fun
       People are addictive




                                               20
Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
www.xeodesign.com
                                              © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




          People Fun




                                                   21
People Fun: Communicate, Cooperate, Compete
www.xeodesign.com
                                                  © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




        Serious Fun
Play creates value through learning and meaning




                                                       22
       Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
www.xeodesign.com
                                          © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




      Serious Fun




                                               23
Serious Fun: Impact, Collection, Rhythm
www.xeodesign.com
                                                              © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




           Play is How We Learn


                        Dr. Sergio Pellis
                        Rats who played are
                        better at*
                        • Novelty
                        • Problem Solving
                        • Social Skills
                        • Handling Stress
                           *Compared to Rats without same age playmate



I’m Often Asked What Play Can Do for Us                            24
www.xeodesign.com
                                            © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




         Awareness to Impact:
         Here’s what you can do


                     • Take players through all
                       4 engagement loops
                     • Design strong emotional
                       brain state required for
                       the desired action
                     • Design systems to create
                       brain states with your
                       brand’s emotions



                                                 25
The Four Keys> Emotion> Engagement
www.xeodesign.com
                             © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.



Easy Fun: Emotion from
Interaction is Enjoyed and
Remembered More




                                  26
 Input> Output> Result
www.xeodesign.com
                                © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.



  Hard Fun: Reward From
  Challenge
  Increases Engagement




                                     27
Challenge> Strategy> Progress
www.xeodesign.com
                                  © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.



    People Fun: Emotion Between
    Friends Increases Engagement
    and Viral Spread




                                       28
Communicate> Cooperate> Compete
www.xeodesign.com
                                  © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




   Serious Fun: Meaningful
   Experiences are More Engaging




                                       29
Serious Fun: Values and Meaning
www.xeodesign.com
                                                      © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




               Tilt World: Points to Trees




                                                           30
Real World Impact Amplifies the Results and Meaning
Tag You’re It!



Nicole Lazzaro
•    Email: nlazzaro@xeodesign.com
•    Twitter: @NicoleLazzaro
•    Blog: NicoleLazzaro.com
•    Game: TiltWorld.com

The 4 Keys to Fun Poster
Free Download
•    xeodesign.com                   Download Tilt World
•    slideshare.com/NicoleLazzaro    An iOS game that
•    4k2f.com <- Downloads           plants trees!




    www.xeodesign.com
www.xeodesign.com
                                                  © 2013 XEODesign, Inc.




                 Motivation


"If you want to build a ship, don't drum up
the men to gather wood, divide the
work, and give orders. Instead, teach them
to yearn for the vast and endless sea."
- Saint-Exupéry



                        www.xeodesign.com              32
         Motivation is About Values and Meaning

4 Keys and Psychology of Fun from Awareness to Impact GSummit

  • 1.
    XEODesign: Putting Emotion in Play The Four Keys to Engagement The Psychology of Fun: Transform Awareness to Impact with the Emotions from Play Nicole Lazzaro XEODesign, Inc. GSummit SF, April 18, 2013 www.xeodesign.com @NicoleLazzaro 1 ©2013 XEODesign Inc.
  • 2.
    I Am ofthe Pong Generation 2 I Grew Up Reading Sci Fi and Playing Games in the Arcades
  • 3.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. 20 Years of Player Experience Research and Design XEODesign 3 100 Million Player Experiences
  • 4.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. How Can Fun Take Us from Awareness to Impact? Want Reality Work Fun 20% 20% Fun Work 80% 80% 4 If This Is What We Want, Why Is This What We Get?
  • 5.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Create Natural Engagement Fun 20% Work 30% Fun Work 50% 5 The 4 Keys to Engagement: What we want is more fun
  • 6.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Dopamine Enhances Focus It Rewards and Feels Good Too DOPAMINE • Reward System • Focus increases focus (addiction is an over focus) • Love brain centers activate Instead of aiming for addiction, let’s use dopamine for good! Help people focus on what they need to unlock their potential and improve their quality of life. 6 Positive Brain States Focus Attention
  • 7.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Positive Engaged Brains Boost Productivity 50% Positive Mental States Increase: • 50% more productive • 237% generated new leads • Up to 50% closed sales faster • 210% increased profits • 67–100% more emotionally engaged Fear State Happy State AMA Survey 2013 7 If You Want People to Think Fear Is Not A Great Motivator
  • 8.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Deep Engagement = Fun The Good News is that Happiest Moments are in the Zone • In Flow engaged and happy • Balance difficulty and skill • Fiero requires frustration o/ Modified from “Flow” Csikszentmnihalyi 8 Work Also Requires a Balance of Difficulty and Skill
  • 9.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Emotion During Play Fiero Curiosity Amusement Relaxation Watched Player Emotions to Measure Kinds of Engagement
  • 10.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Categorized Most Engaging Moments by Player Emotion Frustration Wonder Fiero Surprise Relief Curiosity Schadenfreude Relax Amusement Desire Naches Excite Positive Engagement Player’s Favorite Moments Created Many Kinds of Emotions 10
  • 11.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Identified Engagement Mechanics Frustration Wonder Fiero Surprise Relief Curiosity CHOICES CHOICES Schadenfreude Relax Amusement Desire Naches Excite CHOICES CHOICES Positive Engagement 11 Player Choices Create Many Kinds of Emotions
  • 12.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Created Map for Designing Engagement Frustration Wonder Fiero Surprise Relief Curiosity CHOICES CHOICES Schadenfreude Relax Amusement Desire Naches Excite CHOICES CHOICES Positive Engagement 12 Identified Systems to Create Engagement
  • 13.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. This Model Increases Engagement Metrics 20-40% 13 We are More Engaged When Emotion Surrounds Choice
  • 14.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. 4 Keys To Engagement Novelty, Challenge, Friendship, Meaning • Most Engaging Moments created emotion • Best Selling Games have 3-4 keys 14 Easy Fun> Hard Fun> People Fun> Serious Fun
  • 15.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. 15 Free to Download at: www.4K2F.com
  • 16.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Hard Fun You can’t just push a button to win 16 Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
  • 17.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Obstacle Goal Strategy 17 Hard Fun
  • 18.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Easy Fun The bubble wrap of game design 18 Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
  • 19.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Easy Fun 19 Easy Fun: Controls, Creativity, Exploration, Fantasy
  • 20.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. People Fun People are addictive 20 Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
  • 21.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. People Fun 21 People Fun: Communicate, Cooperate, Compete
  • 22.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Serious Fun Play creates value through learning and meaning 22 Challenge> Novelty> Friendship> Meaning
  • 23.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Serious Fun 23 Serious Fun: Impact, Collection, Rhythm
  • 24.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Play is How We Learn Dr. Sergio Pellis Rats who played are better at* • Novelty • Problem Solving • Social Skills • Handling Stress *Compared to Rats without same age playmate I’m Often Asked What Play Can Do for Us 24
  • 25.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Awareness to Impact: Here’s what you can do • Take players through all 4 engagement loops • Design strong emotional brain state required for the desired action • Design systems to create brain states with your brand’s emotions 25 The Four Keys> Emotion> Engagement
  • 26.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Easy Fun: Emotion from Interaction is Enjoyed and Remembered More 26 Input> Output> Result
  • 27.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Hard Fun: Reward From Challenge Increases Engagement 27 Challenge> Strategy> Progress
  • 28.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. People Fun: Emotion Between Friends Increases Engagement and Viral Spread 28 Communicate> Cooperate> Compete
  • 29.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Serious Fun: Meaningful Experiences are More Engaging 29 Serious Fun: Values and Meaning
  • 30.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Tilt World: Points to Trees 30 Real World Impact Amplifies the Results and Meaning
  • 31.
    Tag You’re It! NicoleLazzaro • Email: [email protected] • Twitter: @NicoleLazzaro • Blog: NicoleLazzaro.com • Game: TiltWorld.com The 4 Keys to Fun Poster Free Download • xeodesign.com Download Tilt World • slideshare.com/NicoleLazzaro An iOS game that • 4k2f.com <- Downloads plants trees! www.xeodesign.com
  • 32.
    www.xeodesign.com © 2013 XEODesign, Inc. Motivation "If you want to build a ship, don't drum up the men to gather wood, divide the work, and give orders. Instead, teach them to yearn for the vast and endless sea." - Saint-Exupéry www.xeodesign.com 32 Motivation is About Values and Meaning