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- 1. Lesson 1: The Disciplineof Counseling
- 3. At the endof this module, I can: • Define counseling. • Discuss the application of the counseling as a discipline of art as discipline of science. • Enumerate and discuss the goals, and scope of counseling. • Explain and provide a rationale about the principals of counseling. • Enumerate and discuss the core values of counseling.
- 4. There are commonmisconceptions about mental health services that have negative connotation to the idea of meeting with a counseling professional or practitioner, especially in the Philippines. These misconceptions include the following:
- 5. 1. A personseeing a counselor, a psychologist, a psychiatrist, or any mental health practitioner has mental illnes. • A person can freely consult any mental health practitioner and share his or her concerns so that he or she can deal with them affectively. For instance, symptoms such as frequent feelings of anxiety with excessive worry may not worsen and develop into panic attacks. This is possible if contributing reasons or factors are processed before an individual’s condition has worsened.
- 6. 2. Counseling meansgiving advice • A professional counselor is trained to avoid advice. When a counselor gives an advice, the client is kept from gaining a better position to understand, analyze, and solve his or her own problem. Instead of giving advice, the primary goal of the counselor is to assist the client to identify and address the factors in his or her problem.
- 7. 3. Counseling ispart of the Discipline Board • Students who have violated the school’s code of discipline are referred to the counselor. However, this not mean that the counselor’s role is to reprimand and discipline. In this situations, the counselor provides the following assistance to the student concerned:
- 8. • 2. reorientationof the school policies, 1. facilitation toward an understanding of the factors that caused him or her to disobey school rules and regulation,
- 9. 4. psychological support shouldthe student’s action merited dismissal from the school. 3. referrals to or recommendation for seminars or workshops aimed to impart the characterization of the school’s values,
- 10. 4. A counseloris a problem-solver • Counselor do not dispense an easy solution to fix problems. In fact, counseling work best through collaboration with the client. A counselor is a facilitator who guide you toward the possible solutions to understand the entire situations could he or she best help the client.
- 11. The Goals ofCounseling • According to Kottler and Shepard (2007), the goals that are common to counselors and that are essentially indicate of their professional identity include clients in the following:
- 12. • 1. Planand work in a constructive manner in training life success;
- 13. • 2. Learn,anticipate, and react positively to issues brought about by developmental changes;
- 14. • 3. Expresstheir uniqueness in diverse circumstances through socially accepted integration of their thoughts, feelings, and actions;
- 15. • 4. Respondwith resilience to stress and be able to buffer themselves from its negative impact on their functioning;
- 16. • 5. Developeffective skills in relating with others in order to enhance abilities in establishing harmonious relationship;
- 17. • 6. Increaseawareness of the self by identifying their strengths and weaknesses;
- 18. • 7. Becomemindful of the realities of life and be able to apply effective principles of coping and adjusting to the different experience they encounter in life;
- 19. • 8. Learnto speak for more options or choices to be well- informed before making a decision; and
- 20. • 9. achievement autonomyfrom counseling as they have learned life skills.
- 21. • One ofthe important goal of the counseling process is to move the client toward proper and empowered self-management. • If you seek counseling so that can get immediate solutions to your problems, you might feel disappointed in your guidance visit.
- 22. • The counselorintroduce tools, such as • time management skills,
- 23. • stress managementskills, and
- 24. • social skills,that you can use to manage and solve your problems.
- 25. The Importance ofCounseling • Counseling programs aim to provide preventive measures to you as a client. This is achieved as the counselor assist you to anticipate the challenges that may arise from a situations. • As the counselors points these out, he or she will then discuss and provide guidelines about how you may properly deal with these situations. In doing so, you can function better by being wiser in choosing your decision
- 26. • Professional counselorsare trained not to give you direct advice or act as you problem solvers. Rather, • they listen to you, • guide you to see the whole picture of your situations, • present options to you, • and facilitate your informed and wise decisions.
- 27. The Nature andScope of Counseling • Counseling deals with a myriad of human concerns. The following are general classifications of problems and reasons why clients to consult counselors:
- 28. • 1. Academicdifficulties • these include the students’ difficulties in accomplishing various requirements and meeting the standards of education, • adjusting to teaching methods used, • handling academic pressures, • maintaining good grades, • managing time, • learning how to focus, and ensuring effective study skills.
- 30. • 2. Personalconcerns • These involve the difficulties that the clients • encounter in planning and setting their goals, • handling stress, • sustaining their motivation, • making informed decisions, • identifying priorities, • and solving problems.
- 32. • 3. Socialconcerns • Difficulties encountered by counselees in relating with others includes dealing with • rejections, • Handling peer pressure • Coping with the challenges of romantic relationship • and bullying.
- 34. • 4. Emotionaldifficulties • Problems related to clients’ emotions include dealing with • Anxiety, nervousness, and heartache; • Coping with the loneliness due to homesickness and rejection; • Managing negative emotions, such as depression, anger. And fear; • And attaining emotional stability.
- 36. • 5. Psychologicalchallenges • These include • Handling persistent suicidal behaviours; • Managing some forms of addiction such as smoking, drinking, and computer gaming; • Dealing with eating or sleeping problems; • Understanding one’s identity; • Handling painful experience.
- 38. • 6. Familyproblems • Clients’ primary concerns usually involve • separation of parents, • Absence of parents due to work abroad, • Single parenting, • Infidelity of parents, • Hostile parenting, • Favoritism in family, • Pregnancy and parenting, • and unpleasant home environment
- 40. • 7. Career-relatedconcerns • These difficulties can be addressed by • identifying the clients’ strengths, interest, and personal traits and matching them with career choices; • Accessing information regarding career choices; • Reconciling personal career choices with those of family members; • Identifying unclear career goals and lack of career plans; • Preparing for job application; • and attaining job satisfaction (Hurlock, 1980)
- 42. THE CORE VALUESOF COUNSELING • Your values constitute your beliefs, which in turn affect how you view the persons you deal with and how you understand your situations. Hutchinson (2014) offered a synthesis of moral values for effective counseling. These include the following:
- 43. • 1. Eachperson is, in essence, naturally pure and good. • If you share the same belief, then you treat every individual with care and respect, operate from a non-judgmental point of view, and try to understand why some persons cannot perform or function well.
- 44. • 2. Theprimary role of a counselor is to give support so that the client will be able to attain autonomy. • This would enhance the clients’ sense of responsibility so that he or she could later arrive at a better positions and see how he or she influences and is influenced by social forces.
- 45. • 3. Theessential values that will compel and sustain you in doing this work are love and compassion. • In order for you to become an effective counselor, you must have a big heart because as guidance counselor, you should learn to prioritize the needs of your clients.
- 46. • 4. Aneffective counselor finds the job’s intrinsic rewards more interesting than its extrinsic ones. • This job’s intrinsic rewards come from the counselor’s sense of fulfilment in seeing his or her clients achieve life success, attain autonomy, and exercise effective coping skills.
- 47. • 5. Dealwith life through an attitude of gratitude and forgiveness. • You have to keep inspiring other people to be well and do well; to be hopeful and confident in facing life’s challenges; and to stay positive in times of problems and difficulties.
- 48. • What haveI Learned So Far? • 1. What is counseling? • ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ • 2. What is the importance of counseling? • ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ • 3. What do you think are some of the human concerns that bother most adolescents in this modern day? • ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ________________________ • 4. How will you differentiate personal concerns from emotional concerns?
- 49. BEYOND WALLS 1.1(Apply IT IN Real Life) • As a career counselor of a university, you are tasked to prepare a 30-minute talk on the discipline of counseling of junior high school students. You have to prepare a PowerPoint presentation which highlights the nature and scope of the discipline, the career opportunities with compensations, and educational preparations and trainings needed to become a counselor. • Make sure to sufficiently cover the salient features of counseling, use the appropriate jargons in the discipline, and check your sentence for correct grammar.