7cenvironmentandfeedingrelationships 120607150331-phpapp02

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KS3 Biology
7C Feeding
Relationships

7C Feeding Relationships
Contents
Habitats
Adaptations
Summary activities
Feeding types
Food chains
Food webs

What makes a habitat?
A habitat has all of the
things that an organism
needs to survive such as
the right amount of light,
oxygen and water.
What is a habitat?
The place where an organism lives is called its habitat.
Habitats
How would you describe your habitat?

How are these habitats similar and how are they different?
Different types of habitats

Which land habitat?

Which water habitat?

Contents
Habitats
Adaptations
Summary activities
Feeding types
Food chains
Food webs

Organisms need to have special features which help
them to survive in their habitat. These special features
are called adaptations.
For example, you have plenty of adaptations to survive
in your habitat. Your fingers are an excellent adaptation.
Without their ability to grip you would not be able to do
all of that schoolwork!
Some adaptations are obvious while others are not so
obvious.
Can you think of any other adaptations that you have?
What are adaptations?

These organisms are all adapted to their environments in
different ways. How are they specially adapted to survive?
Adaptations in different habitats

These animals have similar habitats but different adaptations.
Adaptations in similar habitats

What are adaptations for?

As the organism is adapted to its environment you should be
able to use the way it looks to answer all of these questions.
Don’t forget to give your organism a name!
Scientists have discovered this strange new species on a
small island off the coast of Argentina.
The scientists want you
to help them describe
where this animal lives
(land, water or air), what
it eats, how it eats, how it
breathes, how it moves
and last, but not least,
what they should call it.
A new species…

Many things in the environment change on a daily basis.
For example, the temperature and the amount of light.
Organisms adapt to the type of habitat they live in and also
have to adapt to the daily changes in their habitat.
For example, many flowers open their petals during the day
to catch the Sun and close them at night for protection from
early morning frost.
Daily adaptations

The environment also changes on a yearly basis with the
seasons. This may bring about changes in light and
temperature but also in the availability of food and water.
Organisms must also
find some way to adapt
to these yearly changes.
Organisms have come
up with many different
ways to achieve this.
Yearly adaptations
For example, many animals hibernate over winter to deal
with food shortages.

Daily or yearly activity

Contents
Habitats
Adaptations
Summary activities
Feeding types
Food chains
Food webs

Different types of animals can be grouped in several ways.
One grouping system is based on how animals feed.
Other organisms cannot
make their own food.
These are called consumers.
Some organisms produce their own
food. These are called producers.
Feeding types
Plants produce their own food using light
energy from the Sun. Some types of
bacteria can also make their own food
by using light or chemical reactions.

Producer or consumer?

Consumers can be grouped into different types:
Consumers
Carnivores
These consumers eat other consumers.
They eat animals.
Herbivores
These consumers eat producers.
This means plants and possibly bacteria.
Omnivores
These consumers eat other consumers
and producers. They eat animals and
plants. Most humans are omnivores.

Feeding types

Contents
Habitats
Adaptations
Summary activities
Feeding types
Food chains
Food webs

Food chains – what eats what?
What is the food chain in this habitat?

A food chain shows what is eaten by what.
Each arrow means ‘eaten by’.
What does this food chain show?
A leaf is eaten by a caterpillar, which is eaten by a bird,
which is eaten by a cat.
Energy is transferred from one organism to another in
the direction of the arrow,.
Food chains
leaf caterpillar bird cat

Drag the organisms into the boxes to make three food chains.
Food chains – activity

Draw your own food chains based on the following
guidelines:
a) A food chain from a forest.
b) A food chain from an ocean.
c) A food chain with four organisms in it.
d) A food chain that ends with you!
Use arrows ( ) to show the transfer of energy
between the organisms that you choose.
Food chains – draw your own

Read the following paragraph about who eats whom in the
Antarctic and draw a food chain that shows the feeding
relationships in this habitat.
Don’t forget that your food chain must start with a producer!
Killer whales or orca’s range around Antarctica hunting for
their food. One of the species that they eat are the Weddell
Seal. Weddell seals are large mammals that stay in
Antarctica all year round. One of the many things that they
eat are squid. Squid are very fast hunters who often poison
their prey. They feed on many different organisms including
shrimp. Shrimp are small animals that live on the ocean
floor. There are over 2,000 different species of shrimp all
over the world. They are omnivores but phytoplankton
makes up a large part of their diet.
Antarctic food chain – information

killer
whale
weddell
sealsquidshrimp
phyto-
plankton
Antarctic food chain – answer
Killer whales or orca’s range around Antarctica hunting for
their food. One of the species that they eat are the Weddell
Seal. Weddell seals are large mammals that stay in
Antarctica all year round. One of the many things that they
eat are squid. Squid are very fast hunters who often poison
their prey. They feed on many different organisms including
shrimp. Shrimp are small animals that live on the ocean
floor. There are over 2,000 different species of shrimp all
over the world. They are omnivores but phytoplankton
makes up a large part of their diet.

Food chains and feeding types
Food chains always start with a producer.
If the producer is a plant it can be any part of the plant, such
as the seeds, fruits, leaves or even dead leaves.
From looking at a food chain we can tell if an organism is a
producer, a herbivore or a carnivore.
What are the feeding types of the animals in this food chain?
leaf caterpillar bird cat

Food chains and feeding types – activity

Consumers eat plants or animals, or both.
A food chain can be used to rank different types of consumers.
Ranking consumers
 producers – make their own food;
 primary consumers – eat producers;
 secondary consumers – eat primary consumers;
 tertiary consumers – eat secondary consumers.
humancrayfishlimpetseaweed
producer
primary
consumer
secondary
consumer
tertiary
consumer

Ranking consumers – activity

Contents
Habitats
Adaptations
Summary activities
Feeding types
Food chains
Food webs

Most animals would get pretty fed up if they only ate one thing.
Instead, they usually eat many different things and are
involved in lots of different food chains.
What is a food web?
These food chains can be put together in a food web,
which shows how the food chains are connected.
What would the food web look like for these food chains?
plants → aphid → ladybird → blue tit → owl
plants → moth larva → blue tit → owl
plants → moth larva → spider → chiffchaff → owl
plants → vole → stoat
plants → vole → owl

What is a food web?
blue tit
chiffchaff
aphid
moth larva
vole
stoat
owl
spider
ladybird
plants

1.Name the producer in
this food web.
2.Name two herbivores
in this food web.
3.Name two species that
are top carnivores.
4.How many secondary
consumers are there?
5.Which food chains
include a moth larva? plants
aphid
ladybird
blue tit
owl
moth larva
spider vole
chiffchaff
stoat
Using a food web

Build a food web

Contents
Habitats
Adaptations
Summary activities
Feeding types
Food chains
Food webs

Glossary
adaptation – A feature that helps an organism live in a
particular place.
carnivore – An organism that only eats other animals.
consumer – An organism that feeds on plants or animals.
food chain – A sequence that shows feeding relationships
and the transfer of energy between organisms.
food web – Food chains that are linked to show the
complex feeding relationships in a habitat.
habitat – The place where an organism lives.
herbivore – An organism that only eats plants.
omnivore – An organism that eats both plants and animals.
producer – A plant that makes food by photosynthesis.

Anagrams

Multiple-choice quiz

7cenvironmentandfeedingrelationships 120607150331-phpapp02

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