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English language Acqusition
This document provides an overview of first language acquisition and approaches to studying it. It discusses: - The stages of telegraphic speech and order of acquiring grammar morphemes in early language development. - Language milestones from preschool to school-aged years, including developing question-asking, storytelling abilities, and understanding different language registers. - Three approaches to studying native language acquisition: behaviorism, innatism, and interactionism. Behaviorism emphasizes environment/imitation, innatism innate linguistic knowledge, and interactionism the role of both nature and nurture.
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English language Acqusition
- 1. Language Acqusition ELT TeacherTraining Prepared by Tarık İNCE
- 3. Unit 1 FirstLanguage Acqusition Telegraphic speech they are not list of words they are meaningful and having word order but but not grammatical Everybody learns language in the same sequence But AGE and SPEED is different Order of Acqusition of Grammar Morpheme Present progressive ing Plural S İrregular Past form Possessive ‘S Copula BE Articles Regular past ED 3th person Singular (S) Negation 1. using no at the beginning no cookies 2.using don’t 4. notice tense and person 3. more complex sentences can’t Questions what where who why when using rising intonation cookies? using declarative sentence rising intonation aware of the interrogative sentences inversions and yes-no questions why questions
- 4. Preschool years 4-6 Canask questions Give commands Repeat real events Create stories Use basic structures Continue to learn new vocabularies Learn complex linguistic structures Can use language in variety of situations Interact with unfamiliar people on the phone Start developing metacognitive awareness School years Understand differences between meaning and reprensentive Different types of registers improve Spoken register: knowing how to speak with people Written register: knowing how to write people Start using standard language in school Give up ethnic and regional variety of language Continue to improve vocabulary Non-fiction text should be read Understand writing representation of words
- 5. Approaches to nativelanguage acquisition Behaviorism say what I say Kids are like a blank state Errors can not be accepted Accuracy is the most important thing Environment imitation positive reinforcement practice The quality and quantity of the language comes from environment The permanent reinforcement is very effective WEAKNESS: Innatist complex aspects of language What about the creativity of children Children never imitate randomly rather than selectively it is all in your mind Chomsky as other functions language acquisition is also pre programmed. Learn to walk = learn to speak LAD: it helps kids to acquire language A kid has more language knowledge than he is exposed to. This is called logical problem and it proves LAD Chomsky says that a kid was born with a special ability to learn language There is a black box in LAD which has universal rules of every language. Limited ability of cognitively kids can learn language UG
- 6. Interactionist / DevelopmentalPerspective Cognitivist + Interactionist = Learning from inside out Interactionist position: human characteristics of a child they give importance to environment Supportive interactive environment Zone of Proximal Development: kids conversations with adults Child-directed speech: the language that used by adults Paraphasing (explaining) Slower rate of delivery Higher pitch More varied intonation There is a strong relation between cognitive an language acqusition