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Addiction in the Workplace
This 45-minute presentation discusses addiction in the workplace and how employers can help employees struggling with addiction. The presenter defines addiction and substance use disorders according to the DSM-5. Statistics on alcohol and drug use in Oregon are provided. The presentation covers how addiction affects relationships and work performance, common signs of substance use, steps employers can take to support recovery, and resources for employees and their families.
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Addiction in the Workplace
- 1. ADDICTION IN THE WORKPLACE HowEm ployers Can Help Their Em ployees Presented by Bet ony Jacobs Moderated by Brandon Law s
- 2. Housekeeping • 45-minute presentation;15-minute Q& A • Enter questions in the chat window for Q& A portion • Slides & Recording Available 24-48 hours after session • HRCI Credit pending for attendees.Email [email protected] to get certificate • Get alerts about events, webinars and podcast at xeniumhr.com
- 3. Meet your presenter, BetonyJacobs. • Family Therapy Program Supervisor at De Paul Treatment Centers • Licensed Clinical Social Worker • 13 Years of Experience Working with Individuals and Families • Uses Her Passion and Experience to Empower Families to Attain Their Goals
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- 5. DEFINING ADDICTION Webster’s Definition: Acompulsiveneed for and use of a habit- forming substance (as heroin, nicotine, or alcohol) characterized by tolerance and by well- defined physiological symptoms upon withdrawal. One Working Definition: Addiction is a disease of the brain that results in abnormal behavior despite extreme consequences.
- 6. SUBSTANCE- RELATED AND ADDICTIVEDISORDERS: DSM- 5 DSM uses a differential system to distinguish between Mild, Moderate, Severe substance abuse ▸ Alcohol-Related Disorders ▸ Caffeine-Related Disorders ▸ Cannabis-Related Disorders ▸ Hallucinogen-related disorders ▸ Opioid-Related disorders ▸ Sedative-Hypnotic-or Anxiolytic-related disorders ▸ Stimulant-related disorders ▸ Tobacco-related disorders ▸ Other (or Unknown) Substance- related disorders ▸ Non-substance Related Disorders (i.e Gambling Disorder)
- 7. 5% 6% 7% 8% 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-20132013-2014 Past Year Alcohol Dependence or Abuse Am ong Individuals Aged 12 or O lder in O regon and the U.S. (20 10 - 20 11to 20 13- 20 14) Oregon United States 0% 2% 4% 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014 Past Year Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse Am ong Individuals Aged 12 or O lder in O regon and the U.S. (20 10 - 20 11to 20 13- 20 14) Oregon United States 5% 6% 7% 2010-2011 Past M onth Heavy Alcohol Use Am ong Adults Aged 21or O lder in O regon and the U.S. (Annual Averages 20 10 - 20 14) Oregon United States OREGON STATISTICS Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, 2010–2014.
- 8. 8% 92% Past Year Treatment for Alcohol Use Am ong Individuals Aged 12 or O lder w ith Alcohol Dependence or Abuse in O regon (Annual Average 20 10 - 20 14) Received Treatment for Alcohol Use Did Not Receive Treatment for Alcohol Use 10.9% 89.1% Past Year Treatm ent for Illicit Drug Use Am ong Individuals Aged 12 or O lder w ith Illicit Drug Dependence or Abuse in O regon (Annual Average 20 10 - 20 14) Received Treatment for Illicit Drug Use Did Not Receive Treatment for Illicit Drug Use OREGON STATISTICS Source: SAMHSA, Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, 2010–2014.
- 9. Oregon STATISTICS ▸ Alcoholuse is the most prevalent ▸ 2006 reports the cost of excessive alcohol use to be over $220 billion nationwide ▸ Opioid use, including prescription pain relievers, is rising
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- 11. ▸ Trust ▸ Boundaries ▸Covering up or lying for the other person ▸ Resentments ▸ Confusion and anger ▸ Preoccupation and distractibility HOW IT AFFECTS RELATIONSHIPS
- 12. ▸ Productivity includingabsenteeism & punctuality ▸ Quality of work ▸ Worker safety and health i.e. Accidents/injury/fatal injury ▸ Theft or other illegal activity ▸ Conflict in the workplace BEHAVIORAL IMPACT ON THE WORKPLACE
- 13. ▸ Family membersliving with someone’s alcohol or other drug use may also suffer significantly, impacting their work experience. OTHER FACTORS
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- 15. ▸ Speech ▸ Mood ▸Behavior ▸ Appearance FOUR OBSERVABLE AREAS
- 16. ▸ Speech: Slurredor slowed ▸ Mood: Agitated, depressed, irritable, passive, flat affect, euphoric, withdrawn ▸ Behavior: Impaired motor skills, nodding off, impaired judgment, drowsiness, confusion, memory lapses, gait is slowed ▸ Appearance: Bloodshot eyes, flushed skin, pinned pupils, needle tracks, eyelids droop, dry (itchy) skin DEPRESSANTS ALCOHOL AND PRESCRIPTION MEDICATION LIKE BARBITURATES, BENZODIAZEPINES, AND OPIATES
- 17. ▸ Speech: Accelerated,lacks continuity ▸ Mood: Erratic, anxious, elevated ▸ Behavior: Restlessness, high energy, elevated heart rate, teeth grinding occurs with MDMA (ecstasy), sniffing, appetite suppression ▸ Appearance: Dilated pupils, dry mouth, runny nose STIMULANTS COCAINE, CRACK, METHAMPHETAMINE, ECSTASY
- 18. ▸ Speech: Talkative,outbursts, louder ▸ Mood: Silly, withdrawn, labile, anxious ▸ Behavior: Relaxed state, slowed reflexes, impaired attention, enhanced sensations ▸ Appearance: Dilated pupils, bloodshot eyes, dry mouth, smoky-smell MARIJUANA
- 19. ▸ Changes inpersonal appearance ▸ Mood swings or attitude changes ▸ Withdrawing from responsibility or co- workers ▸ Unusual behavior ▸ Defensive attitude concerning the substance of choice CHANGE IN WORK ATTENDANCE OR PERFORMANCE
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- 21. ▸ Promote healthand wellness ▸ Assess the Organization’s belief system ▸ Create policy around alcohol and other drug use ▸ Consider company culture ▸ Hire people who are in recovery ▸ Offer health insurance coverage for substance abuse treatment ▸ Support legislation that guarantees access to treatment ▸ Supervisor trainings STEPS THAT CO- WORKERS, LEADERS, AND HR MANAGERS CAN TAKE
- 22. ▸ If servingalcohol, enforce a drink limit ▸ Offer transportation for free HOLIDAY PARTIES
- 23. ▸ EAPEmployee assistanceprogram ▸ Employee education about addiction ▸ Be clear about policies regarding alcohol and other drug use ▸ Educate employees about treatment options and medical leave for treatment ▸ Keep track of employee performance ▸ Informally talk with employee about unsatisfactory job performance (for direct supervisors) ▸ Be non-confrontational ▸ Be compassionate ▸ Consider motivation for treatment HOW TO WORK WITH EMPLOYEES TO HELP THEM GET TREATMENT
- 24. ▸ Al-anon ▸ Alternativesto Al-anon and confrontation: Community Reinforcement And Family Training (CRAFT) Visit robertjmeyers.phd.com for detailed information about CRAFT FOR FAMILY MEMBERS, FRIENDS, AND CO- WORKERS, THERE ARE SUPPORT GROUPS AND TREATMENT OPTIONS FOR YOU TOO:
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- 26. GET MORE DEVELOPMENT RESOURCES Articles, Whitepapers& other free content at xenium hr.com / blog Podcasts on iTunes, or visit xenium hr.com / podcast Webinar recordings at xenium hr.com / w ebinars General Em ail: info@xenium hr.com Betony : [email protected] Brandon: Brandon.Law s@xenium hr.com
- 27. RESOURCES: ▸ Motivating SubstancesAbusers to Enter Treatment; Working with Family Members.Meyers, R.(2008).New York, NY: the Guilford Press ▸ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) (5th ed.).American Psychiatric Association. (2013).Washington, DC: Author ▸ "EAPBuyers Guide," Donald Jorgenson, created for the Employees Assistance Professionals Association, 2005. http:/ / www.eapassn.org/ Portals/ 11/ Docs/ HOME/ EAPBuyersGuide.pdf ▸ "Making Your Workplace Drug Free, a Kit for Employers," Division of Workplace Programs, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). http:/ / www.ndwa.org/ Editor/ assets/ Making%20Your%20Workplace%20Drug-Free.pdf ▸ Management of substance abuse.World Health Organization (2016) http:/ / www.who.int/ substance_abuse/ facts/ alcohol/ en/
- 28. REFERENCES: ▸ The BusinessCase for Workplace Alcohol Prevention: Workplace alcohol abuse need not be accepted as an inevitable cost of doing business. By Barry Knott | Oct 01, 2012 October 2012 issue of Occupational Health & Safety ▸ Motivating Substances Abusers to Enter Treatment; Working with Family Members.Meyers,R.(2008).New York, NY: the Guilford Press ▸ Uppers,Downers,All-Arounders (7th ed).Inaba,D.Cohen,W.. Ashland,OR: CNS Publications, Inc.(2013). ▸ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) (5th ed.).American Psychiatric Association.(2013). Washington, DC: Author ▸ Drugs and alcohol in the workplace.National Council of alcoholism and drug dependence.(2016). https://www.ncadd.org/about-addiction/addiction-update/drugs-and-alcohol-in-the-workplace ▸ The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) is an annual survey sponsored by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).Additional information about NSDUH is available at http://www.samhsa.gov/data/population-data-nsduh. ▸ SAMHSAAnalytic Series: A-29.Larson, S.L.; Eyerman,J.; Foster, M.S.and G.froerer,J.C.Worker Substance Use and Workplace Policies and Programs (DHHS Publication No.SMA07–4273, Analytic Series A–29).Rockville MD: SAMHSA, Office of Applied Studies, 2007.http://pubs.niaaa.nih.gov/publications/arh342/175-187.htm ▸ "Prevalence and distribution of alcohol use and impairment in the workplace: a U.S.national survey," JStud.Alcohol, M.R.Frone,Research Institute on Addictions, State University of New York at Buffalo, January 2006. ▸ The Opioid Crisis among the Privately Insured: The Opioid Abuse Epidemic as Documented in Private Claims Data.A FAIRHealth White Paper (2016).FAIRHealth Inc.New York, NY. ▸ Weisner C, Parthasarathy S, Moore C, et al.Individuals receiving addiction treatment: Are medical costs of their family members reduced? Addiction.In Press. ▸ Management of substance abuse.World Health Organization (2016) http://www.who.int/substance_abuse/facts/alcohol/en/ ▸ Beyond Addiction.Foote, J.and Wilkens, C..Kosanke, N.Joggs. S.(2014).New York, NY: Scribner