Adlerian therapy, founded by Alfred Adler, focuses on the influence of social connection, belonging, and individual purpose on behavior, diverging from Freud's views on the unconscious. This therapy includes stages such as engagement, assessment, insight, and reorientation, addressing various psychological issues like anxiety, depression, and personality disorders. It emphasizes the importance of relationships between therapists and clients, and is effective in various settings including group, educational, and family therapy.