Administration and management
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This document discusses the concepts of administration and management in public health. It defines administration as the process of efficiently completing activities through other people, while management involves implementing plans and policies set by administration. Some key points: - Administration determines objectives and policies at the top level, while management executes decisions at middle levels within the policy framework. - Administration is viewed as policymaking, rules, and finance, while management is implementation and operations. However, others see administration and management as synonymous terms. - Public health administration deals with promoting health, preventive services, medical care, resources for health, and more, while applying principles of management. The major aspects are organizational structure, health workforce development, and health planning
Administration and management
- 1. Administration and Management Nabin Lamichhane Purbanchal University
- 2. Administration • Ad+ Ministrate (Latin word) • Management of all (Human) affairs. 2
- 3. Administration • Administration is the universal process of efficiently getting activities completed with and through other people. –Stephen Robin 3
- 4. • Administration is defined as a social sciences, includes principles, techniques and practices whose application to human group/permits establishment and maintenance of rational systems of cooperative efforts, through which common goals are realized that would be impossible on an individual basis. 4
- 5. Public Health Administration Public Administration related to – Promotion of Health – Preventive services – Medical care and rehabilitation – Human Resources for Health – Public health/Medical education/Training – Resource mobilization 5
- 6. The major Three aspects of Public Health Administration: • Organizational Structure • Health Manpower Development • Health planning and management 6
- 7. So, What we say in General…….. • Increasingly dynamic and complex field. • Closely related to other scientific discipline. • Series of functions Like planning, organization, integration, direction, control, effective utilization (5M) of resources for the production of goods ( Quality Health care delivery) • Ideas, things and People • Formulating concepts, structuring materials and HRs, Guiding people for desired goals. 7
- 8. Principles of PHA • Equity based health care delivery. • Sound health administrative structure. • Ensure the basic service. • Health is Fundamental Human Rights. • Proportional investment. • Accessibility • Affordability • Health Should be the integral part of socioeconomic development. • Prevent, Promote and Protect. 8
- 9. Objectives of PHA • Increasing the average length of human life. • Reducing the mortality rate (MMR,IMR) due those diseases which can be easily prevented or remediated. • Decreasing morbidity • Increasing physical, mental and social well-being . • Environmental adjustability. • Providing total health care to enrich QOL. 9
- 10. Money doesn't create man but it is the man who created money. 10
- 11. Management • It is the essence of organized effort • The meaning of management is changing. • Management is an art and science. • It is goal oriented. 11
- 12. Concepts of Management 1. Process Concept (Functional Concept) - Regards management as a function of planning, organizing, staffing, directing, control, resource utilization to attain goals. - Jobs are the focused in this concept. - Easy to understand because managers performs these functions in all organizations. 12
- 13. Concepts of Management 2. People Concept (Leadership concept) – Regards management as a process of getting the jobs done through the people. – Emphasized Leadership, communication, coordination, decision making. – People are the focus of Management in performing jobs under this concept. – HRD for increasing the competencies of prople is emphasized. 13
- 14. Concepts of Management……….. 3. System concept (Integrative function) – Coordinating resources towards efficient and effective accomplishment of goals. – Relating the organization to external environment and responding to environmental change. – Developing an organizational climate. – Performing functions such as planning implementing and controlling. 14
- 16. Henry Fayol “To manage is to forecast and plan, to organize , to command to coordinate and to control.” 1841-1925 Fayolism: Fayol Theory of Management 16
- 17. “Management is knowing exactly what you want to people to do and then seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way.” FW Taylor 17
- 18. Main contributors of Management Thoughts • Adam Smith- Wealth of Nation • FW Taylor- Father of scientific Management • Henary Fayol- Fayolism • Elton Mayo- Human and social aspects of Management • Max Weber- Theroy of authority in an organization • Douglas MC george- XYZ theory of Management • Abraham Maslow- Hierarchy of Human needs. • Herbert Simon- Decision Making in Management. • Peter F. Drucker- MBO • Chester Bernard- Formal organization • Luther Gullic- POSDCORB 18
- 20. Simple understanding……. • Administration- Policy Making Body. • Management- Implementation of policy/executive body 20
- 21. A. The first point of View American School of Thought ( Willium R. Spriegal, Liver Sheldon, Florence, Ordway Tead, Lansburg) Administration: • Making Policy • Rules and Regulation • Management of finance • Production and distribution of organizational structure. Management: • Implementation of plans of policies. 21
- 22. B. Second point of view British School of thought (EFL Brech) Administration is a part of management. Management is divided into three: Top Level Plan and Policy Middle level Implementation Lower Level Daily activities Performances 22
- 23. C. Third point of View Henary Fayol, William Newman,Stephen P. Robbins Administration and Management can be viewed as a synonymous terms. Higher Level Management Administration Middle Level Lower Level 23
- 24. 24 Now, is there is any differences between Administration and Management??
- 25. 25 Management and Administration: A terminological Conflict
- 26. Conclusion • Administration has been conceived by some as evolution, reformulation and application of rules and regulation, while management is viewed as a process encompassing whole gamut of elements starting from policy through strategy to program formulation , implementation, monitoring and evaluation and repeating the cycle again. • Administration is the sum of the organization and management. In the last framework of administration being the sum total of organization and management, organization is conceived as anatomy/structure and management as philosophy /function. 26
- 27. HOW Literatures differentiate the Administration and Management?
- 28. Basics of Differences Administration Management Nature of work It is concerned about determination of objectives and major policies of an organization. It puts action the policies and plans laid down by the administration. Types of function Determinative function Executive function Scope Takes major decision as an enterprise as a whole Takes decision within the framework set by the administration Level of authority Top level activity Middle level Nature of Status It consist of owners who invest capital in and receive profits from enterprise. It is a group of managerial personnel who use their specialized knowledge to fulfill the objectives of an enterprise
- 29. Basics of Differences Administration Management Nature of Usage It is popular with government , military, educational and religious organizations. It is used in business enterprise. Decision making Decisions are influenced by public opinion , government policies, social and religious factors. Decisions are influenced by the values opinions, and beliefs of the managers. Main functions Planning and organizing functions are involved in it. Motivating and controlling functions are involved on it. Level of authority Top level activity Middle level Abilities Needs administrative rather than technical abilities Requires technical activities.
- 30. Health Management Health management is defined as application of management methods and technologies / techniques to improve the efficiency of healthcare delivery system so that the health services can be delivered to people efficiently. – WHO
- 31. Public Health Management Public health management is the branch of health management which deals with the effective and efficient management of health care services for the promotion of health of all people of the nation. This requires the application of scientifically sound updated technologies/methods and procedures. Public health management is the applied aspect of general management.
- 32. References • Public Health Policy and Administration by SL GOEL, 2005. • Principal of Management, Govinda Ram Agrawal current Edition. • Contemporary Public Health (Pro. Gupta and Pro. Sood) • Principal of Management • Various websites. 32
- 33. Questions • Define PH administration? Is it science or an art? How do you differentiate administration with management. Briefly mention the approaches of health management. 33
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