An Improved Approach for Monitoring and Controlling of Flyovers and Bridges Using Internet of Things

An Improved Approach for Monitoring and Controlling of Flyovers And
Bridges Using Internet of Things
K. S. F. Azam 1*, D. M. Abdullah 2, Md. M. Rahman 3 , Md.S.Bari 4
1
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Primeasia University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
2
3
4
e-mail: tahia.pau@gmail.com, deen.abdullah@primeasia.edu.bd, moshiur.pau@gmail.com, sadikulbari2209@gmail.com
*
Corresponding Author: tahia.pau@gmail.com, Tel.: +880-1982897386
Abstract—In modern technology robotics method may be applied to do our manual task. If robots are to become as common at
household people will need to control and monitor them easily. In this aspect we have proposed, desired and designed a robot which
can be controlled by mobile phones. Through which we can call for some emergency situations for Fire brigade, Law enforcement
agency (Police, Army), Natural Calamity, Area Guard so on. On Mobile phone robot we have mounted a 9V battery as the power
supply for the circuit and the motors. When the user calls the mobile the call is received by auto-answer mode. As the call continues
when the user presses a button on his handset the tone that is generated is decoded by the DTMF decoder and the command is passed
to the microcontroller which is pre-programmed. The Microcontroller then passes the command to the motor driver ICs for
motion.it can also be used in reconnaissance or surveillance and anywhere there is the service provider tower of the connection
provided that is mounted on the robot and Mostly The robot is small in size and it’s cost is also reasonable.
Keywords— DTMF (Dual Tone Multiple Frequency) Board (MT8870),Mobile phone,Microcontroller,Dc motor,Motor Driver
(L293D),Crystal(3.57MHz),7805 IC,Robot Chassis,DC power Supply.
I. INTRODUCTION
Every now and then ground breaking innovations are taking
place in robotics field. Different types of robotic state of arts
have taken place in 20th
century. Aiming to assist more and
more to the different human functions; robotics are an
accumulative instrument for practical life.
Versatility, ingenious and accustomed with professional
environment are fit with human beings whereas a robot is
stand for humans to assist different tasks which are required
to perform more sensible and on edge.
Mobile controlled robot is a programmed machine which is
inclined of assurance. Such as an example, a spying robot
being controlled by mobile whose movements are directed by
users provided direction. They are flexible to work in
different locations and can serve around where user wants.
These mobile controlled robots are commanded from an user
end through a mobile phone. Within their power available
areas; mobile robots are adjusted for seizing, grasping, or
taking hold of something which can terminologies as their
“Independence”.
Mobile Robot consists of different types of major
components such as a controller with application or
software’s, DTMF board, actuators and sensors. Generally
controller in consist by a microprocessor which rooted with
microcontroller. Above mentioned controller with its
application or software written by primary or high level
languages. Most used languages are C, C++, Fortan, Pascal
and so on. Applied sensors in the mobile robot are dependent
upon robots requirement and requirements are defined as
proximity sensor to identify nearby objects, triangulation
ranging for determination of location of a point, collision
warning system by using radar or laser, dead reckoning
functions to figuring out first starting point by using speed;
direction & time and other specific application and methods
which is discussed in section III.
II. RELATED WORK
Related works have been done in different sectors and places
such as industrial, pharmaceutical, environmental and
services robots are available. To enhance industrial
manufacturing and improve the quality; industrial robots are
being used. In this sector robots are developed for such
application as connecting or joining, transferring materials,
brushes something and other works. Sensitive but limited
International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS),
Vol. 17, No. 5, May 2019
66 https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
ISSN 1947-5500

tasks are being handled by robots in medicine and medical
sector. Even now a day some surgeries are also being done
by robots. The broadest category is entertainment sector
where robots are holds a vast position. Form the Robosapien
to Running Alarm Clock everything are being considered as
entertainment robot. Also weight lifting robots are also
considered as articulated robot.
Due to having a huge contribution in economic sectors above
mentioned mobile applications are now accessible for further
development. Although
Entertainment industry makes a massive difference then
others. They have a huge contribution in economic sector.
Due to automated inspection it’s developed its own economic
importance.
Due to heavy costly inspection in manual process due to
operate by a human operator, it’s also grow risks as well.
Now a day, restaurants are also using robots as a cook and to
serve food. China also implemented 18 types of restaurants
with robots where they are cooking and serving to customers.
Dumpling and Noodle robots are also using for serving
dishes. Abovementioned robots are manufactured by local
companies and definitely directed from remote area. [4]
The Famous car manufacturing company Ford Motor using
92 robots in their Indian factory. The programs of these
robots are sourced consecutively from ABB Company;
Sweden and DURR company in Germany. Due to fulfill the
gradual demand, cost efficiency, cutting edge quality and
flexibility; Ford India company imported those robots. [5]
To reduce the cleaning cost, robots are also used in different
offices also. Cleaning robots can automatically organize their
tasks without consuming extra energy. From all types of
energy and financial consumption, cleaning robots are well
performed and proved as cost efficient products. [9]
III. METHODOLOGY
A.System Design:
The project aims to design a Robot that can be moved using
mobile phones when button is pressed. Warless controlled
functionality is used to move the robot through mobile
phone. Using mobile networks, mobile phone is used as a
remote controller to operate the robot. A DTMF Board and
DC motor is interfaced with the Microcontroller and the
Microcontroller is the key part of the device who control the
whole system. After sending the signal from a mobile
through a mobile network, data received by the DTMF
Board. It was fed while it pressed; to make an input to the
controller. To realize and accomplish the task the controller
is sourced with a specified written program coded by ‘C’
language. Fig in 1.
Figure 1: Block diagram of the mobile controlling robot
The model is organized based on a very simple and
understandable working procedure . Firstly, turn ON of the
robot needs with the power supply of 9v battery. Mobile
number should be dialed which is connected to robot at
remote location to move. Then the mobile automatically
connected by Auto Answer option in mobile phone as like as
two systems to operate. It needs to be ensured that DTMF
tones sending facility should be active between both mobiles
for working the robot in desired way. After connection it is
able to operate the robot using the keyboard in particular
direction for making a process successful. Flow chart of the
whole circuit is very helpful for perceiving the working
principle of the given model. For that purpose the
operational flow chart is shown in fig 2.
Vol. 17, No. 5, May 2019
ISSN 1947-5500

Figure 2: Coding flow chart
B.Sytem Setup:
The main purpose of this project was to build a
communication between two mobile phones and provide the
ability to operate the robot physically from a remote location.
This purpose is suitable for the places where mobile phone
use is available for making the transaction easier to easier.
The device is responsible for including two interface systems.
One of these interface is answerable between actuators and a
transmitting mobile phone, and the rest interface is liable
between the receiving mobile phone and the robot device. The
interface on the transmitting side would allow occurrence and
encipher of signals appropriate for transmission via a mobile
device. The interface on the receiving side would action the
signals acknowledged by the mobile phone and regulate the
robot device. The simple diagram illustrates the methodology
of the project below in fig 3.
Figure 3: user interface of mobile controlling robot
C.Robot Vision:
Worked with our project for an hour in a room which was
around 1100 sq. ft.our vision was searching the different
object through our device and we started with few
different object places in different corner of the room .we
moved the robot from an initial point and kept a mobile
phone attached with the device to connect with the
robot from another phone. Then we controlled it to search
those object from the starting point as our requirements. In
addition we tried also to control it from different room and
different spaces. While doing the experiment we cared about
measurement of such things like as call cost, internet data,
voltage power, time of searching and so on.
After the observation it was cleared that during any disaster
with this robot will be possible to communicate with any
location remotely.
IV. IMPLEMENTATION
The DTMF (Duel Tone Multiplexed Frequency) is the
identical tones for different keys of the dial pad. When
someone calls either in telephone or mobile, a keypad input
can generate this DTMF tone. From this tone, key number
can be identified.
Anyway, there is an IC that can detect this DTMF tone and
decode the key number from tone. IC is MT8870 DTMF
decoder. This decoder takes input from audio output of a
cell phone. Then it decodes the tone and gives output in
BCD (binary coded decimal) value.
Here in our project, we used a microcontroller PIC16F73B
to work with. We are reading that BCD code from MT8870
and then doing rest of the work from that command.
MT8870 has 4 output pins connected with 4pins of PORTA,
Vol. 17, No. 5, May 2019
ISSN 1947-5500

MCU is reading this 4pins of PORTA. Then it is decoding
the command.
When ‘forward’ command is found, MCU triggers another
driver IC named LM293D which is a duel motor driver IC.
This LM293D has 4 inputs and 4 outputs. 2 enable pins are
used to enable the channel. Input 1&2 are associated
with output 1&2 and Enable 1 is controlling these two
pins. Like this way, En2 controls other 2 i/o s. When motor
need to run forward, in1 is high, in2 is low for both motor.
On the other hand when motor need to run backward, in1 is
low, in2 is high. Like this input left or right turns are made.
Figure 4: Circuit diagram of our project
Figure 5: Experimental image of circuit
Figure 6: Experimental image of our project
V. COST ANALYSIS
A.Battery volt consumption:
Used 9v battery to our system which can performed about 36
hours.But we monitored our system for an hour.Here is the
chart of using amount of voltage of our constructed device
during monitoring time:
Time(Hour) Voltage(Volt)
36 9
27 6.75
18 4.5
9 2.25
1 0.2
Table 1:Voltage Consumption
So,during our experimental time we used 0.2 volt of 9 volt battery.
B.Time of searching:
We calculated the time that needed to our system for
searching objects using the law of
velocity(v),distance(s),time(t).
V = s/t
So t = s/v
V=3.6 for our dc motor
We calculated this in different criteria.such as-
No Object: When there was no object in the room our system search the
entire room for the object and it took 1.52 minutes to finish..
Object in free space: When there was no barrier we kept our object in
distance of 300sq.ft and our system took 0.415 minutes to find the object.
Object hidden behind barrier: For last we kept an object in distance
about 400 sq.ft and we hided our system behind barriers that made the
distance about 700 sq.ft from the object.Finally our device took 0.96
minutes to search for it.
Calculation:
t = s/v
v = 3.67 m/s for our dc motor
1 sq.ft = 0.3048 m
Criteria Distance(sq.ft) Velocity(m/s) Time(minute)
No object 1100 3.76 1.52
Object in free
space
300 3.76 0.415
Object hidden
behind barrier
700 3.76 0.96
Table 2: calculation of searching time
VI. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
Constructed and figured the ‘MOBILE CONTROLLING
ROBOT’ in enough less cost which might help in various
steps and we can assure that it will handle different situations
in very smart way. This type of wireless communication will
cause many advantages such as robust control, minimal
interference and a large working range. We can also control
it with the app “DTMF tone generator. Till now MOBILE
CONTROLLING ROBOT concept is used widely. This
Vol. 17, No. 5, May 2019
ISSN 1947-5500

project was implemented by many others before but ours is
best as We tried to build it at very cheaper cost and we desire
to work with it for further options.
WORKS CITED
[1] India, P. (2017). A Chinese restaurant where robots cook and serve
food. [online] Businessstandard.com. Available at:
http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/a-
chineserestaurant-where-robots-cook-and-serve-food-
113011400385_1.html [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017]
[2] Narasimhan, T. (2017). Ford installs 92 robots at Chennai unit.
[online] Businessstandard.com. Available at: http://www.business-
standard.com/article/companies/ford-installs- 92-robots-at-chennai-
unit-110071700038_1.html [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017].
[3] Cyberdyne.jp. (2017). CYBERDYNE. [online] Available at:
https://www.cyberdyne.jp/english/products/cleanrobot.html [Accessed
13 Aug. 2017].
REFERENCES
[4] Ctahar.blogspot.com. (2017). 10 Things We Couldn’t Do Without
Robots. [online] Available at: http://ctahar.blogspot.com/2016/05/10-
things-we-couldnt-do-without-robots.html [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017].
[5] Anon, (2017). [online] Available at:
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/8373/cb0edc5664e70e2601882bae744
c2875d54f.pdf [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017].
[6] NASA. (2017). NASA Space Robotics Challenge Prepares Robots for
the Journey to Mars. [online] Available at:
https://www.nasa.gov/directorates/spacetech/centennial_challenges/fea
ture/space_robotics_chall enge.html [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017].
[7] Recode. (2017). Domino’s is going to use sidewalk robots in Germany
to deliver pizza. [online] Available at:
https://www.recode.net/2017/3/29/15100748/dominos-deliver-
pizzarobots-germany-starship [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017].
[8] IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and Science News. (2017).
Japan Earthquake: Robots Help Search For Survivors. [online]
Available at: http://spectrum.ieee.org/automaton/robotics/industrial-
robots/japan-earthquake-robots-helpsearch-for-survivors [Accessed 13
Aug. 2017].
[9] Corner, L. (2017). All About 7805 IC | Voltage Regulator Pin Diagram
& Schematics. [online] Electronics For You. Available at:
http://electronicsforu.com/electronics-projects/7805- ic-voltage-
regulator [Accessed 13 Aug. 2017].
[10] Anon, (2017). [online] Available at:
http://ee.sharif.edu/~sakhtar3/books/8051%20Microcontrollers%20An
%20Applications%20Base d%20Introduction.pdf [Accessed 13 Aug.
2017].
.
Vol. 17, No. 5, May 2019
ISSN 1947-5500

An Improved Approach for Monitoring and Controlling of Flyovers and Bridges Using Internet of Things

More Related Content

What's hot (19)

Similar to An Improved Approach for Monitoring and Controlling of Flyovers and Bridges Using Internet of Things (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

An Improved Approach for Monitoring and Controlling of Flyovers and Bridges Using Internet of Things