Anti anxiety ppt

Anti anxiety ppt

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  Anti anxiety drugs PresentedBy; Sohil shah M Pharm 1st year pharmacology School of Pharmacy, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded. 01
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  CONTENTS  Introduction  Symptoms Types of anxiety  Classification of Anti-anxiety drugs  Side effects  References 02
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  INTRODUCTION  Anxiety :-itis an emotional state, unpleasant in nature, associated with uneasiness, discomfort and concern or fear about some defined or undefined future threat.  Some degree of anxiety is a part of normal life .  Physical anxiety transient in nature and pathological anxiety needs treatment.  To treat this type of anxiety the agents which are used are called as anti anxiety drugs or anxiolytics. 03
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  Symptoms04
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  Types of anxiety Generalized anxiety disorder ( GAD)  Social phobia  Panic disorder  Phobias  Post traumatic stress disorder  Obsessive –compulsive disorder05
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  Classification of anti-anxietydrugs  Benzodiazepines :-Diazepam, Oxazepam , Lorazepam  Azapirones :- Buspirone , Gepirone  Sedative antihistaminic :-Hydroxyzine  Beta adrenergic blocker :-Propanolol  Antidepressants :- SSRI- fluoxetine , peroxetine SNRI- venlafaxine 06
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  Benzodiazepines  Benzodiazepines aremost widely used anti-anxiety drugs.  They have largely replaced barbiturates in the treatment of anxiety, because BZDs are safer and more effective .  BZDs are act by enhancing presynaptic/postsynaptic inhibition through a specific BZDs receptor which is a integral part of GABAa receptor – Cl channel complex.  BZDs modulate GABA effect by binding to a specific high affinity site located at the interface of the alpha subunit.  Binding of GABA to its receptor triggers an opening of chloride channel, which leads to an increase in chloride conductance. BZDs increase the frequency of channel opening produces by GABA. 07
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  Cont…… 08
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  Cont…… Most commonly usedBZDs drugs are diazepam ,alprazolam and lorazolam  Diazepam:- It is quickly absorbed It produces strong action during initial phase Dose is vary from 5 to 30 mg per day  Alprazolam :- It is the most potent anti-anxiety drug it is generally given to anxiety associated with depression Dose is vary from 0.25 to 1 mg per day 09
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  Cont….10
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  Azapirones It is thenew class of anti-anxiety drug it is distinctly different from benzodiazepines . Buspirone:-  It does not produces significant sedation . does not interact with BZDs receptor Does not produce tolerance or physical dependence It is generally used to treat mild to moderate generalized anxiety No withdrawal signs. Dose is vary from 5 to 30 mg per day 11
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  Beta-adrenergic blocker  Manysymptoms of anxiety ( palpitation, rise in Bp, shaking ,tremor ) are due to sympathetic over activity , and this symptoms reinforce anxiety.  Propanolol and other non selective beta blockers help to reduce such symptoms but they does not affect the psychological symptoms such as worry, tension and fear but are valuable in stressful situations like  examination fear  fear of public speaking  It act by decreasing BP and Heart rate  Propanolol is generally used to treat performance/ situational anxiety or sometimes it is used as an adjuvant to BZDs.  Dose is vary from 50 to 200 mg per day . 12
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  Anti depressants Some antidepressants drugs are also used to treat anxiety like  TCAs :-imipramine , doxepin  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors :-fluoxetine , peroxetine  Serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors :-venlafaxine 13
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  Cont… TCAs :- imipramine–doxepin Act by reducing uptake of 5HT and NA Used for anxiety especially associated with depression Effective for panic attacks Delayed onset of action Dose vary from 50 to 200 mg per day Sometimes it produces side effects like dry mouth ,weight gain and sexual dysfunction 14
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  Cont… SSRI :-fluoxetine :- Itact by blocking uptake of 5HT It is given by oral route Delayed onset of action (weeks) It is generally used to treat panic disorder, GAD, and phobia Dose of fluoxetine is vary from 20 to 40 mg per day 15
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  Cont…. SNRIs :-venlafaxine It actby blocking the uptake of both 5HT and NA It give fast onset of action It does not produces the side effects of TCAs And it is safer in overdose Dose vary from 75 to 150 mg per day 16
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  Side effects ofAAD  Drowsiness  Fatigue  Confusion  GI disturbances  Dry mouth  Visual disturbances 17
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  REFERENCES  Essential ofmedical pharmacology by KD Tripathi 7th edition 2015  https://www.helpguide.org/articles/anxiety/anxiety-medication.htm  https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/guide/understanding-anxiety-treatment  https://www.drugs.com/condition/anxiety.html 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiolytic 18
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  THANK YOU 21