Apostila ingles

Apostila ingles

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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL FLUMINENSE NÃO CONFUNDA : Its (tudo junto) é pronome It ' s DISCIPLINA: INGLÊS ("separado") é igual a "It Is" - do verbo TO BE PROFESSORA: RENATA DEMORI >> Substantive-Possesive Pronouns: São aqueles que substituem os substantivos (nouns) de modo a evitar a repetição desnecessária de palavras tornando as frases PRONOUNS mais fluidas e naturais. MINE - O meu, A minha, Os meus , As minhas >> Personal Pronouns: Assim como em português são os YOURS - O seu, A sua, Os seus , As suas que indicam a pessoa(sujeito) da frase: HIS - O dele, A dele , Os dele, As dele I = Eu You = Você (vocês) He = Ele She = Ela HERS - O dela , Os dela , A dela , As dela OURS - O nosso , A nossa , Os nossos , As nossas It = isso We = Nós They = Eles ou Elas YOURS - Os seus , As suas , Os vossos, As vossas THEIRS - O deles, A deles, Os deles, As deles Obs: - "It" normalmente é usado com coisas e bichos, Note que: estes pronomes já trazem embutido em seu mas é comum referir-se ao animal de estimação como significado os artigos "O" "A" "OS" "AS" e, portanto, se "He" (Ele) ou "She" (Ela). formos traduzir um texto precisamos estar atentos aos - You: pode ser singular ou plural, só com o contexto detalhes de modo a evitar erros básicos.Veja alguns podemos saber. exemplos: You like to go to the beach on weekends -- pode ser O carro dele = His Car e NÃO "The" his car A casa "Você gosta de ir à praia nos fins de semana. ou dela - Her house e NÃO "The" her house "Vocês gostam de ir à praia nos fins de semana." Qual das duas está certa? -- As duas estão,OK? >> Object Pronouns: Como ocorre em português, em >>Demonstrative Pronouns: São usados do mesmo inglês também existem pronomes oblíquos. modo que seus equivalentes em Português. THIS = este, esta This book is on this table ME - a mim, para mim , me Give the book to me please THESE = estes , estas These people are reading in (Dê o livro para mim por favôr) English Do me a favor (Faça-me um THAT = aquele,aquela,aquilo That girl is my daughter favôr) She told me (Ela me disse) THOSE = aqueles, aquelas Those kids are my children YOU - Para voce, a você I will bring you a present -I can tell you the story >>Adjective-Possessive Pronouns: São chamados Possessive porque obviamente indicam posse,e sendo HIM - A ele,para ele , lhe Tell him the truth) - Give pronomes adjetivos, são colocados normalmente antes do him the news substantivo a que se referem São eles: MY = meu , minha , meus , minhas---------- My father My HER - a ela, para ela I told her the truth - I will give mother My brothers My sisters her the money YOUR = seu , sua, seus , suas--------------Your father IT - a ele , a ela,o,a Your dog is there.I saw it today Your mother Your parents Your children Your house is beautiful. I can see it from here HIS = dele (*) -----------------------------His father His Note que nem sempre a tradução é rígida.Temos que mother His children adaptar ao nosso modo de falar. HER = dela (*)---------------------------- Her father Her US- a nós, para nós, nos Why don't you tell us the mother truth? - Could you do us a favor? - He never gave us the money ITS = dele,dela (**) ------------------------Its house Its mother Its father THEM- a eles, para eles, lhes Why don't you tell them the truth - Show them the way out. OUR = nosso. nossa, nossos, nossas---Our parents Our house Our cars Our houses >> Reflexive Pronouns: Usa-se de modo semelhante ao que se faz em português: THEIR= deles, delas--------------------- Their house and their MYSELF - por mim mesmo All by myself car YOURSELF - por você mesmo, por si próprio You can (*) Em português é comum dizermos "sua" querendo learn English by yourself dizer "dele". Se eu digo- "ele foi para sua casa" - pode- HIMSELF HERSELF ITSELF YOURSELVES se ficar na duvida se ele foi para a "sua" ou OURSELVES THEMSELVES a "dele",certo? Em inglês não há esta confusão, mas fique Obs: o plural de "self" é "selves" assim como atento(a) à tradução. o plural de "wife" é "wives" (**) Em português dizemos - "o cachorro tem sua própria casa" - em inglês dizemos" The dog has ITS own house" pois sua (His) só se usa para pessoas ok? •Note que, às vezes estes pronomes são traduzidos como "sozinho ou sozinha". Inglês 1
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF WH Questions adj/adv extent or degree Wh- Questions allow a speaker to find out more information about topics. They are as follows: how far Distance How far is Pattaya from Bangkok? Function Example Question Word how long length (time or How long will it take? space) what asking for What is your name? information how quantity How many cars are about many (countable) there? something how quantity How much money do asking for What? I can't hear much (uncountable) you have? repetition or you. confirmation You did what? how old Age How old are you? what...for asking for a What did you do that how asking for How come I can't see reason, asking for? come reason, asking her? why (informal) why when asking about When did he leave? time PRESENT TIME FORM: where asking in or at Where do they live? what place or position which asking about Which colour do you Explanations choice want? - Present simple generally refers to: who asking what or Who opened the Facts that are always true: Water boils at 100 degrees which person door? Celsius or people Habits: British people drink a lot of tea (subject) States: I don't like gangster films. − Present Continuous (progressive) generally refers to whom asking what or Whom did you see? actions which are in progress at the moment. which person These can be temporary: I'm staying in a hotel until I find a or people flat. (object) They can be actually in progress: The dog is sleeping in whose asking about Whose are these our bed!!!! ownership keys? Or they can be generally in progress but not actually Whose turn is it? happening ate the moment: I'm learning to drive. − State verbs describe a continuing state, so do not why asking for Why do you say that? usually have a continuous form. Typical examples are: reason, asking believe, belong, have, like, love, matter, need, prefer, what...for understand, etc... Other uses of PC: why don't making a Why don't I help you? − Temporary situations: Are you enjoying your stay here? suggestion − Repeated actions: My car has broken down, so I'm walking to work theses days. − Complaints about annoying habits: You are always how asking about How does this work? manner making snide remarks about my cooking. − With verbs describing change and development: The weather is getting worse! asking about How was your exam? condition or Other uses os PS: quality − Making declarations, verbs describing opinions and feelings tend to be state verbs: I hope you'll come to how + asking about my party. − Headlines: Ship sinks in midnight collision. Inglês 2
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF − Instructions and Itineraries: On day three we visit Explanations: Stratford.. − Summary of events: May 1945: The war in Europe - Past Simple generally refers to comes to an end. − “Historic present” in narrative and funny stories: So Completed actions: I got up, switched off the radio, and sat then the second man asks the first one why he has a down again. banana in his ear and the first one says... Habits: Everyday I went to the park. FUTURE TIME Form: States: In those days, I didn’t like reading. - Past Continuous (progressive) generally refers to Actions in progress (often interrupted by events): I was drinking my coffee at the time. // While I was opening the Explanations: letter, the phone rang. Basic contrasts: will x going to x PC − Will is normally know as the predictive future, and Background description in narrative: Most people were describes know facts, or what we suppose is true: I'll working at their desks, but Jane was staring out of the be late this evening // The company will make a profit window and pretending to write something at the same next year time. − This can also take the form of an assumption: That'll be Jim at the door (this means that I suppose it is Jim) Changing states: The car was getting worse all the time − Will is also used to express an immediate decision: I'll take this one Repeated actions. When Jane was at school, she was − Be going to describes intentions or plans. At the always losing things. moments of speaking the plans have already been made. I'm going to wait here until Carol gets back. - We use the past perfect when we are already talking − Going to is also used to describe an event whose about the past, and we want to go back to an earlier past cause is present or evident: Look at that tree! It is time (“double past”): By the time I got to the station, the going to fall!!! train had left. − Decisions expressed with going to refer to a more distant point in the future. - Polite forms: I was wondering if you want to come to the − PC describes fixed arrangements. A time reference is cinema. usually included. Note the strong similarity to the going to future. I am having a party next week x I’m going to - Used to have a party next week. Used to often contrasts with the present. I used to go swimming a lot (but I don’t now) Future Continuous There is no present time reference possible. − This describes an event which will be happening at a future point. Come around in the morning. I'll be MODAL VERBS painting in the kitchen. − It can also describe events which are going to happen Explanations anyway, rather than events which we choose to make happen: I won't bother to fix a time to see you, because - Should: is most commonly used to make I'll be calling into the office anyway several times next recommendations or give advice. It can also be used to week. express obligation as well as expectation. − It can be also used to refer to fixed arrangements and • When you go to Berlin, you should visit the plans: The band will be performing live in Paris this palaces in Potsdam. RECOMMENDATION summer. • You should focus more on your family and less on work. ADVICE Future Perfect • I really should be in the office by 7:00 - This has both simple and continuous forms, and refers to AM. OBLIGATION time which we look back at from a future point: In two years • By now, they should already be in I'll have finished the book. // By the end of the month I'll Dubai. EXPECTATION have been working for this firm for a year. - Must: is most commonly used to express certainty. It can PAST TIME also be used to express necessity or strong FORM recommendation. "Must not" can be used to prohibit actions, but this sounds very severe; speakers prefer to use softer modal verbs such as "should not" or "ought not" to dissuade rather than prohibit. • This must be the right address! CERTAINTY Inglês 3
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF • Students must pass an entrance examination to • You could see a movie or go out to study at this school. NECESSITY dinner. SUGGESTION • You must take some medicine for that • Could I use your computer to email my cough. STRONG RECOMMENDATION boss? REQUEST • Jenny, you must not play in the • We could go on the trip if I didn't have to work this street! PROHIBITION weekend. CONDITIONAL - Have to: is used to express certainty, necessity, and COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES obligation. Comparatives are used to compare two things. You can • This answer has to be correct. CERTAINTY use sentences with THAN, or you can use a conjunction • The soup has to be stirred continuously to prevent like BUT. Examples: burning. NECESSITY • Jiro is taller than Yukio. • They have to leave early. OBLIGATION Yukio is tall, but Jiro is taller - Might: is most commonly used to express possibility. It is Superlatives are used to compare more than two things. also often used in conditional sentences and can also use Superlative sentences usually use THE, because there is "might" to make suggestions or requests only one superlative. Examples: • Your purse might be in the living • Masami is the tallest in the class. room. POSSIBILITY • Yukio is tall, and Jiro is taller, but Masami is the • If I didn't have to work, I might go with tallest. you. CONDITIONAL Adjective form -> Comparative -> Superlative • You might visit the botanical gardens during your visit. SUGGESTION Only one syllable, ending in E: wide, fine, cute • Might I borrow your pen? REQUEST Add -R: wider, finer, cuter Add -ST: widest, finest, cutest - May: is most commonly used to express possibility. It can also be used to give or request permission Only one syllable, with one vowel and one consonant at the • Jane may be at home, or perhaps at end: hot, big, fat work. POSSIBILITY Double the consonant, and add -ER: hotter, bigger, • Johnny, you may leave the table when you have fatter finished your dinner. GIVE PERMISSION Double the consonant, and add -EST: • May I use your bathroom? REQUEST PERMISSION hottest, biggest, fattest - Would: is most commonly used to create conditional verb Only one syllable, with more than one vowel or more than forms. It also serves as the past form of the modal verb one consonant at the end: light, neat, fast "will." Additionally, "would" can indicate repetition in the Add -ER: lighter, neater, faster past. Add -EST: lightest, neatest, fastest • If he were an actor, he would be in adventure Two syllables, ending in Y: happy, silly, lonely Change Y movies. CONDITIONAL to I, then add -ER: happier, sillier, lonelier • I knew that she would be very successful in her Change Y to I, then add -EST: happiest, silliest, career. PAST OF "WILL" loneliest • When they first met, they would always have picnics on the beach. REPETITION Two syllables or more, not ending in Y: modern, interesting, beautiful - Can: is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in Use MORE before the adjective: more modern, English. It can be used to express ability or opportunity, to more interesting, more beautiful request or offer permission, and to show possibility or Use MOST before the adjective: most modern, impossibility. most interesting, most beautiful • I can ride a horse. ABILITY • We can stay with my brother when we are in Big Adjectives: comic, beautiful, intelligent. Paris. OPPORTUNITY MORE + ADJ + (* THAN ) Alessandra is more • She cannot stay out after 10 PM. PERMISSION beautiful than Maria. • Can you hand me the stapler? REQUEST ** THE + MOST + ADJ • Any child can grow up to be president. POSSIBILITY Eg: Alessandra is the most beautiful of the class. - Could: is used to express possibility or past ability as well Casos Irregulares as to make suggestions and requests. "Could" is also commonly used in conditional sentences as the conditional form of "can." • Extreme rain could cause the river to flood the city. POSSIBILITY • Nancy could ski like a pro by the age of 11. PAST ABILITY Inglês 4
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF POSITIVE COMP. SUPERLATIVE paintings with motifs from the American Civil War. The DEGREE SUPERIORITY most marked change of his highly individual style took good / well Better ( than ) the best place in the early 1880s during a stay in a small fishing Bad ( ill ) Worse ( than ) the worst village on the north coast of England and later in the little Less ( than ) the least *** Bahamas. In these places, Homer found the motif that far ( longe, farther / further ( The farthest / would occupy him for the rest of his life: man against the muito ) than ) furthest **** sea, the self in the huge and indifferent nature. Winslow Homer’s “The Gulf Stream” - oil on canvas - is in the much / many More ( than ) the most Metropolitan Museum of Art, in New York City. This painting shows a solitary black sailor in a small, disabled PROVAS boat adrift in a tumultuous sea, at the center of a ring of predatory sharks, with an approaching ship in the distance UERJ on the left. The drama of the sea scene is imbued with an epic and heroic quality. The theme expressed in this work of art is: (A) ethnic and social fight after the end of slavery (B) beauty and the amazing vastness of the ocean (C) man’s long and cheerful relationship with the sea (D) mortality and human struggle with the forces of nature The ship on the horizon in the distance, on the left, signals that: (A) death is a matter of fate (B) fear of isolation is intense (C) hope for rescue is possible (D) attempt at escaping is pointless The telemarketing operator in the comic strip makes use of a strategy to achieve his goal. This strategy consists of: (A) avoiding problems in the future (B) allowing calls during dinner hour (C) identifying the purpose of the caller (D) showing the usefulness of the product The man looks angry probably because of two of the following reasons: (A) he does not know “Caller I.D.” and his wife is impatient http://www.badpuns.com (B) this is not a local telephone call and his wife is looking at him Questão 01 (C) this is not the first call from “Caller I.D.” and his dinner A pun is a play on words, transposing meanings of different is interrupted words with similar sounds. (D) he does not enjoy talking on the phone and his dinner In the cartoon, the idea underlying the pun is best is getting cold described in the following popular saying: (A) Seeing into darkness is light. (B) A life full of light fears no death. (C) Once there is light, there is life. (D)A useless life leads to lack of light. Questão 02 One of the pictorial clues that best justifies the concern expressed by the candle on the left is the: (A) edge of smoky wicks (B) amount of melted wax (C) source of light reflection (D)contour of facial features COM BASE NA IMAGEM E NO TEXTO ABAIXO, “THE GULF STREAM” – 1899 RESPONDA Winslow Homer was one of best and most influential American painters in the 19th century. Having worked as an illustrator, Homer became first known for a number of Inglês 5
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF heroes in our society is pervasive and corrosive cynicism and skepticism. This obstacle of cynicism has been seriously increased by scandals like the steroids mess in sports competitions and by our leaders’ opportunistic use of heroic imagery for short term political gain. The best antidote to this cynicism is realism about the limits of human nature. We are cynical because so often our ideals have been betrayed. We need to separate out the things that make our heroes noteworthy, and forgive the shortcomings that blemish their heroic perfection. The false steps and frailties of heroic people QUESTÃO 03 make them more like us, and since most of us are not The text and image above are very effective in claiming for particularly heroic, that may seem to reduce the heroes’ peace. stature. But this pulls in the other direction as well: these According to Indira Gandhi, peacemaking is essentially magnificent spirits, these noble souls, amazingly, they are related to: like us, they are human too. (A) strength Again, the critical moral contribution of heroes is the (B) persuasion expansion of our sense of possibility. Heroes can help (C) receptivity us lift our eyes a little higher to build more boldly and (D) competition beautifully than others, and we may all benefit by their examples. And Heaven knows we need those examples QUESTÃO 04 now. The popular quotation that best expresses the message of the campaign is: Questão 16 (A) A peacemaker does not mean a peaceful person. According to the text, the application of the term “hero” has (B) No one is really working for peace unless he is willing to changed over time in terms of meaning. do so. As compared to the past, the word “hero” now is best (C) You don’t have to kill a person to make him agree with characterized as: your positions. (A) less specific (D) All men desire peace, but very few desire those things (B) less tangible which make for peace. (C) more general (D) more restricting UERJ 2009 Heroism: why heroes are Questão 17 important The concept of heroism is central to human experience. Nowadays, the choice of a hero results from: The term “hero” comes (A) peer pressure from the ancient Greeks. For (B) common sense them, a hero was a mortal who (C) mass notoriety had done something so far (D) individual evaluation beyond the normal scope of human experience that he left an immortal memory behind Questão 18 him when he died, and thus received worship like that due The author claims that skepticism is an obstacle to the to the gods. But people who had committed unthinkable adoption of heroes. crimes were also called heroes. Originally, heroes were not The reason for this is best expressed in the following necessarily good, but they were always extraordinary; to be fragment: a hero was to expand people’s sense of what was possible (A) “to be a hero was to expand people’s sense of what for a human being. was possible for a human being.” (l. 9-10) Today, it is much harder to detach the concept of (B) “Our heroes are symbols for us of all the qualities we heroism from morality; we only call heroes those whom would like to possess and all the ambitions we we admire and wish to emulate. But still the concept retains would like to satisfy.” (l. 18-21) that original link to possibility. We need heroes first and (C) “We are cynical because so often our ideals have been foremost because our heroes help define the limits of our betrayed.” (l. 36-37) aspirations. We largely define our ideals by the heroes we (D) “these noble souls, amazingly, they are like us, they are choose, and our ideals – things like courage, honor and human too.” (l. 44-45) justice – largely define us. Our heroes are symbols for us of all the qualities we would like to possess and all the Questão 19 ambitions we would like to satisfy. A person who chooses And Heaven knows we need those examples now. Martin Luther King as a hero is going to have a very According to the fragment above, hero figures are currently different sense of what human excellence involves than regarded as: someone who chooses, say, Madonna. (A) scarce That is why it is so important for us as a society, (B) dubious globally and locally, to try to shape these choices. Of (C) remarkable course, this is a perennial moral issue, but it is clear that (D) inspirational the greatest obstacle to the appreciation and adoption of Inglês 6
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF Picnics, pythons and heroes ... oh my! Golden Retriever rescues young girl from python It was a warm, sunny August afternoon, and Michelle Arnold of Farmingville, NY, ran inside her kitchen to pour her two daughters, Kaila (7) and Sara (3), a drink for their backyard picnic. Kaila followed her mother inside to help, leaving Sara to play in their new toy ball pit. Seconds later, Michelle heard a scream and then crying. She ran outside and found their pet Golden Retriever, Sundance, barking at a large, strangelooking snake dead on the ground, and Sara crying on top of the picnic table. Michelle quickly checked her daughter for bites, but found nothing. Sundance had saved the day. The large, eight-foot snake – a ball python – had made the Arnold’s ball pit its home and when Sara jumped in, it became agitated and started to slither toward her. Sundance, recognizing the danger, began to bark loudly at the reptile and eventually killed it to protect his young owner. The following year, Sunny won the Dog Hero of the Year Award, sponsored by Del Monte Pet Products. “I broke into tears”, said Michelle. “Sundance needs an operation to remove a few cysts from the back of his shoulders and we didn’t have enough money to schedule the surgery. Now, we are going to use the prize money for his operation. He has done so much for us, now it’s our turn to help him. Sundance saved my daughter’s life and, ever since that day, his officiall name became Sunny, the Hero Dog.” Questão 20 The text is an account of a dog’s good actions. The message conveyed in this text is best summarized in: (A) dogs can be aggressive (B) pets can be our lifesavers (C) pet owners should train their pets (D) dog owners should reward their pets Questão 21 The family will finally be able to pay for Sunny’s cyst removal surgery. The proverb that best justifies this course of action is: (A) Never do things by halves. (B) Prevention is better than cure. (C) It is in giving that we receive. (D) No road is long with good company TRAVEL PHOTOGRAPHY: A MOMENT IN TIME Inglês 7
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF (l. 38 - 40) (C) “If you are always aware of what is happening around you, it becomes much more difficult to be taken advantage of.” (l. 52 - 54) (D)“Succeeding at travel photography takes much more than just the latest technical gadgetry.” (l. 55 - 56) Questão 19 Cohesion in the text is achieved through the use of transition signals in the discourse. The marker Not only... but also (l. 26 - 27) expresses the following notions: (A) comparison and addition (B) contrast and enumeration (C) identification and emphasis (D)introduction and exemplification UNIRIO 2005 In sport, are good genes just another cheat? Just what is it that makes the difference between Olympic gold and the agony of defeat? For athletes, it is about training hard, eating right and preparing mentally – and sometimes taking illegal substances. What they cannot do anything about is their genes. This week researchers announced that they have genetically engineered “marathon mice” that can run almost twice as far as normal mice. The modified mice have been given an extra gene to boost production of a protein called PPAR-delta, which increases the number of slow-twitch muscle fibres that are vital in endurance events. The study raises the question of how many of the runners in the gruelling marathons in Athens have natural genetic variations that boost their PPAR-delta levels. Researchers could soon be adding these to the growing list of genetic variations linked to specific athletic abilities. For sporting authorities, the big worry about such research is that athletes desperate for success might soon be able to resort to gene therapy. But consider the case of the boy recently found to Questão 16 Due to its semantic relations and structural have a mutation that greatly boosts muscle growth. If he organization, the text can be classified as: competes in the 2016 Olympics, say, his rivals will face (A) a personal account someone with a prodigious genetic advantage. That seems (B) a descriptive report unfair, but it would also be unthinkable to exclude him on (C) a comparative analysis the grounds of a natural genetic mutation. (D)an appreciative review Perhaps sporting authorities should consider the idea that gene therapy, if it ever becomes safe and Questão 17 Writers always have an intention when effective, does not have to be about giving a few athletes expressing their feelings and ideas in writing. an unfair advantage. It could be a way of levelling the The author’s intention in this text is that of: playing field for all. (A) sharing traveling experience with a specific public New Scientist, 2004 (B) advising photographers on how to restrain emotions (C) suggesting methods for capturing the perfect moment 63) The focus of the text in relation to giving athletes an (D)convincing readers of the importance of photojournalism advantage in sports suggests that: Questão 18 a) It is quite fair to modify genes for Olympic games. Being aware of your surroundings while traveling will b) Athletes sometimes are forced to take illegal certainly have beneficial effects on your photography, substances. (l. 46 - 48) c) There is in fact a growing list of genetic variations. The idea expressed in the fragment above is best related d) This is a good way of levelling the playing field for all. to: e) Gene therapies might be just like another illegal (A) “Images, after all, have the ability to speak universally substance. to many cultures with varying languages.” (l. 9 - 11) (B) “When first arriving in a new city I usually spend the first 64) The results of the recently announced study conducted day or two simply strolling in the early morning” on mice indicate that: Inglês 8
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF b) the International Council on Mines and Metals. a) Marathon mice are basically unreliable. c) the private banks. b) Athletes might want to seek gene therapies in the future. d) the World Bank. c) The modified gene decreases certain types of muscle e) the European Bank for Reconstruction and fibre. Development. d) The PPAR-delta gene has little bearing on endurance. e) Scientists are hardly able to engineer genetic 68) The only policy change not included in the review was modifications. that the World Bank should: a) invest in stricter environmental standards. 65) Insofar as natural genetic mutations go, sporting b) stop influencing other funding bodies. authorities would be inclined to: c) put the money into renewable energy. a) Put off the event. b) Disqualify the applicant. d) stop investing in oil projects by 2008. c) Call off the games. d) Overlook the fact. e) declare biodiversity rich areas no-go zones. e) Hold back medals. 69) The discourse marker in the text that denotes contrast 66) In the sentence “Researchers could soon be adding is: these to the growing list of genetic variations linked to a) nevertheless. b) also. c) such as. d) because. e) as. specific athletic abilities.” the referent these pertains to: a) the questions raised b) their PPAR-delta levels 70) Out of the following words from the text, choose the c) the gruelling marathons d) natural genetic variations only one which is a true cognate: e) researchers a) funded b) committed c) prescriptive d) supports e) oil Oiling point Decision time for World Bank on oil and gas funding UFRJ 2006 policy. An independent review for the World Bank has TEXTO I recommended that oil, gas and mining projects funded by the bank must meet stricter environmental standards. The a) UK petrol price war breaking out review, commissioned by James Wolfensohn, the World A price war breaks out between petrol retailers as oil Bank president, also said the bank should stop investing in supplies return to normal in the wake of Hurricane Katrina. oil projects by 2008 and put the money into renewable b) Blair defends anti-terror plans energy instead. Tony Blair hits back at critics who say tougher anti-terror Senior directors of the World Bank are due to meet laws will infringe civil liberties. next month to consider the proposals, which, if adopted, c) Acne antibiotics throat bug risk could have far-reaching implications for some of the Earth’s Using antibiotics to treat acne for long periods may double fragile ecosystems and wildlife. the risk of throat infections, a study says. Areas particularly rich in biodiversity should d) ‘Warming link’ to big hurricanes become no-go zones and not be exploited under any Records over 35 years show that hurricanes have got circumstances, says the review. stronger in recent times, according Environmental groups such as Friends of the Earth to a global study. say changing the way the World Bank operates is vital, http://news.bbc.co.uk/, access on Sep. 16, 2005 because its policy influences the approach of other funding bodies, such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and QUESTÃO 1 Development, and private banks. Os trechos que compõem o TEXTO I são chamadas de um But a draft response by the World Bank portal de notícias da Internet. A seguir, são apresentados management rejected most of the review’s crucial oito títulos de seções do portal: recommendations. Wolfensohn is said to be against dropping World Bank finance to the oil industry – as is the POLITICS - EDUCATION – HEALTH – TECHNOLOGY - UK Government. SPORTS – ENTERTAINMENT – BUSINESS - SCIENCE & Companies heavily involved in oil and mining have NATURE described plans to phase out World Bank investment in the oil industry as “overly prescriptive” and that the Transcreva o título que corresponde a cada uma das establishment of no-go zones is “too simplistic an chamadas. approach”. Nevertheless, the International Council on Mines Texto II and Metals, which supports the review, has said it is “committed to the principle of no-go zones and recognizes that, in certain cases, mining and conservation are incompatible.” adapted from BBC WILDLIFE, 2004. 67) According to the article, which agencies have spoken out in favour of the independent review? a) the British Government. Inglês 9
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF Review 1 b) Resenha 3. In all these years, I’ve never read Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, and to be honest, I wasn’t quite sure QUESTÃO 4 what to expect when I walked into the theatre. Sure, I saw Transcreva: the original Willy Wonka film back when I was a young’un, a) da resenha 3, o termo que foi substituído pelo pronome but this is Tim Burton. He’s a real wild card if you ask me, “one” (linha 5); and from the experiences I’ve had, you either win or you b) da resenha 4, a palavra equivalente a “similarity in lose with a Burton film, there’s no in between. This one is appearance”. definitely a winner. Performancewise, this film scores again. Everyone does a great job in their respective roles. TEXTO III Johnny Depp however is, in a word, fantastic. By Colin Trafficking in Human Beings Arseneault From Himalayan villages to Eastern European cities, people – especially women and girls – are attracted Review 2A sugar-coated but ultimately unsatisfying morsel by the prospect of a well-paid job as a domestic servant, of a film, “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory” is a film I waitress or factory worker. Traffickers recruit victims could go the rest of my life and never see again. The film through fake advertisements, mail-order bride catalogues itself was fine, but Johnny Depp came in and ruined it all and casual acquaintances. for me. I know I will be in the minority on this one, as most Upon arrival at their destination, victims are placed people seemed to like the film and many now worship the in conditions controlled by traffickers while they are ground Johnny Depp walks on, but I believe he is fallible, exploited to earn illicit revenues. Many are physically and that point was emphatically proven with this effort. By confined, their travel or identity documents are taken away Jacob Ziegler and they or their families are threatened if they do not cooperate. Women and girls forced to work as prostitutes Review 3 are blackmailed by the threat that traffickers will tell their “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory” succeeds in spite of families. Trafficked children are dependent on their Johnny Depp’s performance, which should have been the traffickers for food, shelter and other basic necessities. high point of the movie. Depp, an actor of considerable Traffickers also play on victims’ fears that authorities in a gifts, has never been afraid to take a chance, but this time strange country will prosecute or deport them if they ask for he takes the wrong one. His Willy Wonka is an enigma in help. an otherwise mostly delightful movie from Tim Burton, Trafficking in human beings is a global issue, but a where the visual invention is a wonderment. By Roger lack of systematic research means that reliable data on the Ebert trafficking of human beings that would allow comparative analyses and the design of countermeasures is scarce. Review 4 There is a need to strengthen the criminal justice Visually, “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory” is perhaps response to trafficking through legislative reform, Burton’s most interesting film. When it comes to the plot, awareness-raising and training, as well as through national however, it is a very standard movie that teaches children and international cooperation. The support and protection that the most important thing in the world is loving your of victims who give evidence is key to prosecuting the family. ... Many things have been said about Depp’s ringleaders behind the phenomenon. performance. Several people have found some resemblance between his character, the eccentric Willy DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO III, RESPONDA, EM Wonka, and pop star Michael Jackson. Regardless of your PORTUGUÊS, ÀS QUESTÕES DE 5 A 7. opinion, you’ll agree with me that it is Depp’s performance the key for making this film interesting for humans older QUESTÃO 5 Identifique than 13 years of age. a) A ação criminosa relatada no texto By Lino Evgueni Coria Mendoza b) Um dos meios utilizados para atrair as vítimas http://filmcriticwannabe.blogspot.com QUESTÃO 6 Cite duas circunstâncias que dificultam a RESPONDA ÀS QUESTÕES 2, 3 E 4 DE ACORDO COM denúncia do crime por parte das vítimas. O TEXTO II. QUESTÃO 7 Que medida é considerada imprescindível QUESTÃO 2 para punir os verdadeiros responsáveis por esse crime? Indique o(s) número(s) da(s) resenha(s) em que os autores consideram o desempenho do ator Johnny Depp, no filme DE ACORDO COM O TEXTO III, RESPONDA, EM “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory”,: INGLÊS, À QUESTÃO 8. a) como elogiável, satisfatório; b) como decepcionante, ruim. QUESTÃO 8 Transcreva do texto III: a) um conectivo, encontrado no 2° parágrafo, que QUESTÃO 3 estabelece uma relação de simultaneidade; Das resenhas indicadas a seguir, transcreva trechos, de no b) uma locução, encontrada no 3° parágrafo, que exe rce a máximo seis palavras, com opiniões favoráveis ao filme mesma função de “and”. “Charlie and the Chocolate Factory”. Os trechos devem expressar opiniões sobre o filme em termos gerais e não sobre os atores. a) Resenha 1; Inglês 10
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF UFF 2004 In the steamy tropics, a carrot’s life is short and drab. Those that survive the summer come up knobby (due Text I Capoeira in football: an extra edge to a carrot disease) and tinged green. After experimenting for two decades, Embrapa’s garden-vegetable division We all know about Brazil’s football ability. They’ve won came up with the Alvorada carrot that grows fat and the World Cup five times. But is there something else in straight, and consistently orange in color. But the Alvorada their culture that gives them an extra edge to produce all is not all good looks. It was built to withstand diseases and those world-beating skills? Capoeira, a martial art pests that prosper in the heat and humidity of the tropics. developed by the slaves, is a foot-fighting technique And it has 35 percent more carotenoids (a vitamin A disguised as a dance. Presenter Alex Bellos discovers a precursor) than varieties planted elsewhere in Latin football club who claim to have had huge success using American. capoeira in their training regime. When Embrapa launched the carrot in 2000, ALMIR MONTEIRO, football manager, scientists thought it would sweep the market. It hasn’t. The Astero FC: England was beating Brazil by one to nil and, Alvorada is cheaper than imported carrots, but far more suddenly, Ronaldinho, who was marked by Cole, ran expensive than the trad through the midfield to the penalty area. Cole went with itional varieties. And to most consumers, cost is what him. Ronaldinho used a move known in football as a feint, counts. “Brazilians don’t even know yet what carotene is,” but in capoeira it’s called explosion. This move was says Jairo Vidal Vieira, Embrapa’s carrot expert. Slowly, he fundamental, and it’s a situation typical of capoeira. We thinks, they’ll come to realize the benefits of eating won the Bahia State Cup, The Junior Bahian healthier. “I’ll bet my career on it,” he says. Championship. We won international Adapted from Newsweek, july 7, 2003 tournaments in France, in the United States, in Argentina. That was the result of our training with 4) When the Alvorada carrot was launched, scientists capoeira. It’s a new methodology for football. believed: Adapted from BBC Languages/ Brazil/ inside out/Salvador (A) other varieties would grow in Latin America; de Bahia. (B) the product would not survive in the heat of the tropics; (C) new varieties of carrots would no longer be sold; 1) Among the alternatives below, choose the one which, (D) people would be eating more carbohydrates; according to text I, represents the most (E) the product would be a striking success; striking feature of Brazilian football. (A) The new methodologies used by most Brazilian football 5) The term cornucopia is a metaphorical expression managers; which, in the text, means: (B) Brazilian footballers’ moves, which are similar to a (A) a special type of carrot; a vegetable popular Brazilian foot-fighting technique; (B) a land of abundance; fertile soil (C) Talented players like Ronaldinho; (C) a Brazilian company; Embrapa (D) The number of national tournaments Brazilian football (D) inhospitable regions; the tropics has won; (E) the jungle; tropical rainforests (E) A move known as a “feint”. 6) The major difference between the Alvorada carrot and 2) Indicate below the pair of terms which does NOT ordinary carrots lies in their: express an equivalence in the text. (A) colour, smell and taste (A) Training with capoeira = a new methodology for football (B) smell, shape and cost (B) Feint = explosion (C) shape, colour and nutritional value (C) Capoeira = a foot-fighting technique (D) weight, appearance and cholesterol level (D) Bahia State Cup = International Championship (E) caloric value, vitamins and shape (E) Astero FC = A Bahian Football club 7) Consider the sentences: “When Embrapa launched the 3) The word disguised in “... a foot-fighting technique carrot in 2000, scientists thought it would sweep the disguised as a dance” implies marked. It hasn’t.” Mark the option that could be used to that: join these 2 (A) capoeira is a fight technique now used in football; sentences. (B) a foot-fighting technique is good for dancing; (A) but (C) capoeira resembles a dance, but it is actually a fight; (B) so (D) capoeira looks like a martial art but it is supposed to be (C) thereforertuio=´[ a dance; (E) every martial art is expected to be like a dance. (D) still (E) although Text II COOKING UP A CARROT Thanks to some stubborn scientists, agronomists 8 The sentence “I’ll bet my career on it” implies that Jairo and farmers, Brazil is turning some of the Vidal Vieira: most inhospitable regions of the tropics into a cornucopia. (A) believes he may be right; Much of the credit goes to the government-run (B) is doubtful of his beliefs; agricultural-research company, Embrapa, (C) is not convinced of his own words; whose boldest work to date has been the handsome (D) is sure of what he is saying; Alvorada carrot. (E) is too proud to accept he is wrong. Inglês 11
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF touching, holding, maybe wrecking anything that came into your reach. And as soon as you could talk you were full of 9 The sentence: “The Alvorada is cheaper than imported questions: why is the sky blue? why is up up? why can’t carrots”, is: tomorrow be yesterday? You found (A) comparing everything “curiouser and curiouser,” as Alice found it in (B) adding values Wonderland. Adults tried to answer your endless questions (C) just giving some information (even if you sometimes drove them crazy with them), for (D) a brazilian belief they knew that by rewarding your natural inquisitiveness (E) saying a lie and by satisfying your excitement to know, they’d help you to learn and, equally important, to acquire a taste for UFF 2008 learning throughout your life. Yet you must keep this in mind about knowledge: it Alice in Wonderland isn’t the same thing as information. Knowledge is information that has been given organization, meaning, and Alice was beginning to get very use. Facts exist by themselves. Knowledge is a human tired of sitting by her sister on creation. the bank, and of having nothing Hydrogen and chlorine are elements of nature. to do: once or twice she had That’s a fact. Your understanding that, when combined, peeped into the book her sister these two elements create new substances, such as was reading, but it had no hydrochloric acid, which has certain characteristics that pictures or conversations in it. hydrogen and chlorine independently don’t have, Suddenly, a White Rabbit with pink eyes ran close by her. constitutes knowledge. Alice started to her feet for it flashed across her mind that Knowledge differs from information as music differs she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat- from sound. An orchestra warming up doesn’t make music; pocket, or a watch to take out of it. Burning with curiosity, it makes only noise. It makes music when the conductor she ran across the field after it, and fortunately was just in takes over and each performer follows the score in time to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole under the cooperation with one another. Music is sound given form hedge. and significance. Similarly, knowledge is information given (Extract from CARROLL, Lewis, Alice’s Adventures in structure and meaning. The facts in your head become Wonderland.) knowledge when you put them together so that they’re related to one another and, put together, take on meaning Glossary that is large than the mere facts alone. Nothing has To flash across one’s mind = passar rapidamente pela meaning by itself. Information has to gain meaning from the cabeça application of human thought. To attain knowledge, you must struggle endlessly to derive meaning from 67 What made Alice curious was information. (A) a rabbit with a waistcoat-pocket and a watch; Curiosity can be every student’s best friend. It’s the (B) her sister’s book; inner signal of what your mind and spirit want to know at (C) the rabbit’s pink eyes; any particular time. You ask questions and pursue your (D) a large rabbit getting out of the hole; curiosity for a single reason: to create knowledge. (E) her sister reading on the bank. (Adapted from BANNER, Jr., M.J. and CANNON, H.C. The elements of learning. New Haven: Yale Press, 1999.) Glossary TEXT II CURIOSITY: a path toward knowledge? greed = ganância, avidez to reward = recompensar wriggling = remexendo-se, to pursue = buscar, Curiosity’s contorcendo-se perseguir virtue is its greed. It to wreck = destruir to struggle = esforçar-se wonders, often indiscriminately, about everything it focuses 68 Mark the option that BEST summarizes the first on. Curiosity carries paragraph. you, limited by time and (A) Curiosity is one of the seven deadly sins. space, beyond the (B) Curiosity is a vice but not a virtue. immediate. It knows no boundaries, and it pushes you to (C) Not much vigorous effort is needed in order to stretch learn about everything that’s still unknown or unfamiliar to one’s knowledge. you. It can as easily direct itself to the ancient Egyptians as (D) Curiosity is what pushes man beyond the boundaries of to the wriggling pond-life under your microscope. But that’s the immediate. also its vice, for it’s usually directed to very particular (E) Knowledge about dance reveals one’s talent for ballet interests – say, to ballet or to bugs. You therefore have to . make strenuous efforts to extend its range, so that your 69 The statement “It can as easily direct itself to the ancient wonder about ballet becomes knowledge about dance, or Egyptians as to the wriggling pond-life under your so that your fascination with bugs turns into a microscope” implies that lifelong love affair with the entire natural world.When you were a child, your eagerness to learn defined your (A) students’ eagerness to learn declines with time; behavior. You were full of wonder about everything – (B) formal knowledge is acquired by traditional methods; Inglês 12
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF (C) children are more curious than adults; PENGES (D) Egyptians’ curiosity led to the invention of the microscope; PENGE 1 (E) human curiosity is a vast territory. Victims of electrosensitivity syndrome say EMFs cause 70 According to the text, men’s path toward knowledge symptoms follows one of the sequences presented below. (A) understanding / wondering / creating knowledge / experimenting (B) wondering / questioning / understanding / creating knowledge (C) understanding / questioning / creating knowledge/ touching (D) acquiring / questioning / understanding / wondering Scientists haven't found a direct link between the (E) creating knowledge / understanding / tasting / symptoms of headaches and general complaints and being wondering near electromagnetic fields. Some speculate that it is a 71 The following questions: “why is the sky blue?”, “why is mental instead of a physical disorder up up?”, “why can’t tomorrow be yesterday?” are The explosive spread of electromagnetic fields (A) Alice in Wonderland’s responses; across the world has undeniably spawned at least one (B) questions people never ask themselves; disorder: electrosensitivity syndrome. Millions of people -- (C) questions children normally ask; most of them in Europe -- say they suffer headaches, (D) answers that drive adults crazy; depression, nausea, rashes and other problems when (E) answers that satisfy people’s doubts. they're too close to cellphones or other sources of EMFs. They've formed their own support groups, started their own 72 The statement “Facts exist by themselves” means that newsletters and taken drastic steps to avoid EMFs, with (A) curiosity guarantees the veracity of a fact; some even wearing metallic clothing. A band of EMF (B) facts and knowledge are interdependent; "refugees" has moved to a valley in southern France to (C) information is what brings truth to a fact; avoid radiation. (D) facts exist independently of human knowledge; (E) the pursuit of knowledge is a human characteristic. The list of victims includes Gro Harlem Brundtland, the former director-general of the World Health 73 The music analogy used by the author in his Organization. In 2002, when she still held her title, argumentation means that Brundtland told the BBC that she didn't allow cellphones in (A) sound is information; music is knowledge; her office because the radiation gave her headaches. (B) sound is form; music is noise; In "Full Signal," a documentary that premiered at the (C) music is nothing but form; 2009 Santa Fe Film Festival, a self-described sufferer of (D) sound is form and significance; EMF poisoning says that if someone accidentally forgets to (E) conductor and performers must work together. turn off a cellphone before entering her house, she starts to feel ill within a couple of hours. "After four hours I can't 74 Mark the option in which the apostrophe s is used as in “curiosity’s virtue” speak anymore," she says. Alarming, yes, but such symptoms may not have (A) “it’s the inner signal”; much to do with electromagnetic fields. Even David (B) “that’s still unknown”; Carpenter, a professor of environmental health sciences (C) “it’s usually directed”; and biomedical sciences at the University at Albany, State (D) “that’s a fact”; University of New York, who often warns against the (E) “student’s best friend”. dangers of EMFs, isn't convinced that low-level radiation 75 According to the discussion in the text, the statement can cause such a wide range of symptoms. He believes “Hydrogen and chlorine are elements of nature” that EMFs can cause cancer and possibly neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's and Lou Gehrig's disease, (A) is a sign of human greed; but there's no good evidence that cellphones can cause (B) does not constitute knowledge; headaches and other vague complaints, he says. "I'm not (C) creates knowledge by itself; sure electrosensitivity is real." (D) cannot be accepted as truth; (E) constitutes both information and knowledge. Many researchers have looked for a connection between EMFs and EMF sensitivity syndrome, but so far they've mostly come up empty. In one recent example, an English study of 48 self-described "electrosensitive" people Inglês 13
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF and 132 "non-sensitive" people published online in January PENGE 2 in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives found that all of the subjects had pretty much the same reaction to English in Brazil American Story-teller comes to Brazil: microwave radiation, which is to say no obvious reaction at Eve Watters, harp player and story teller, will be in Brazil all. The researchers speculated that a fear of EMFs -- and from June 23 through June 30, in partnership with not any physical issues -- might be the root cause of Associação Viva e Deixe Viver. Hospital and English electrosensitivity. schools interested can get in touch with this São Paulo- A 2005 report from the World Health Organization -- based charity through the following number: (11) 3081- Brundtland's former agency -- stated that people who 6343 Speak Up June 2008 believe they're sensitive to EMFs don't seem to have any 1) Explain the expression “get in touch”. Your answer must special abilities to actually detect the fields. The report be written in English. suggested that anxiety about EMFs could be the root cause 2) Reescreva a primeira frase substituindo “will be” por of all of the symptoms. outra construção à sua escolha, desde que a noção de "You have a whole population of people that are futuro seja preservada. scared to death of electromagnetic fields," says Ken Foster, a professor of bioengineering at the University of 3) Pennsylvania in Philadelphia who believes that low-level EMFs have little to no effect on human health. "People latch on to fears that mainstream science doesn't take seriously." He says electrosensitivity syndrome seems to be similar to multiple chemical sensitivity syndrome, a condition that most experts consider to be psychological. A 2009 article in the journal PLoS ONE speculated that people who believe they're electrosensitive may have overactive distress signals in the brain. The researchers noted that cognitive behavioral therapy is often an effective treatment. Los Angeles Times. 02-15-2010 http://www.latimes.com/features/health/la-he-electromagnetic-syndrome1- 2010feb15,0,801515.story 1. Sobre qual assunto o texto trata? 2. O que seria electrosensitivity syndrome? 3. Cite alguns dos sintomas mencionados no texto por pessoas que dizem ser afetadas pela síndrome em questão. 4. O que dizem os cientistas em relação à questão Saúde X Eletromagnetismo? 5. Encontre no texto uma palavra que signifique: a. A sudden attack of fright. A period of general anxiety or alarm about something. Após a leitura do cartoon acima, constatamos que ele b. A person harmed, injured, or killed as a result of a reflete sobre o que a posição que escolhemos para sentar crime or accident. A person who is tricked or duped. em sala de aula pode dizer sobre nossa personalidade An animal or person killed as a religious sacrifice e/ou nossos interesses. Escolha 4 posições e fale sobre c. A person who has expert knowledge of one or more elas de acordo com a leitura feita pelo autor da charge. of the natural or physical sciences. Atenção: Você deve escolher QUATRO, porém a sua descrição deve ser feita da seguinte forma: duas em 6. Em que lugar se encontra a maioria das pessoas que Inglês e duas em Português. dizem apresentar a Síndrome retratada no texto? PENGE 3 Text As you are reading these words, you are taking part in one of the wonders of the natural world. For you and I belong to a species with a remarkable ability: we can shape events in each other's brain with exquisite precision. I am not referring to telepathy or mind control or the other obsessions of fringe science; even in the depictions of Inglês 14
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF believers these are blunt instruments compared to an Super-healthy complaining takes airing your gripes ability that is uncontroversially present in every one of us. one step further. “Present your complaint, and then offer That ability is language. Simply by making noises with our solutions.” Calhoun advises. “It clears the board so you can mouths, we can reliably cause precise new combinations of move on to the next gripe.” ideas to arise in each other's minds. The ability comes so naturally that we are apt to forget what a miracle it is. Responda às seguintes perguntas em Português: Language is so tightly woven into human experience that it is scarcely possible to imagine life 1 – Pick up a sentence which means that when you know without it. Chances are that if you two or more people you are certain about something, you've got to say what together anywhere on earth, they will soon be exchanging you think. words. When there is no one to talk with, people talk to themselves, to their dogs, even to their plants. In our social 2 – What experts say about people who never say what relations, the race is not to the swift but to the verbal – the they think? spellbinding orator, the silver – tongued seducer, the persuasive child who wins the battle of wills against a 3 – According to the text it's not enough only to present brawnier parent. Aphasia, the loss of language following your complains. What else must be done? brain injury, is devastating, and in severe cases family members may feel that the whole person is lost forever. Responda às seguintes perguntas em Inglês: Steven Pinker, 1995 4 – Write the sentence which shows that after complaining you are prepared to suffer other kinds of problems. Responda as perguntas 1, 4, 5 em Inglês. E as outras em Português. 5 – Find in the text a word that has the same meaning of “choice”. 1. When the writer says “For you and I belong to a species...precision.” the conjunction for can be understood 6 – What may cause strong health problems? as: PENGE 5 2. De acordo com o autor, o que as pessoas fazem quando não têm com quem falar? The spirit lives on Whether or not Brazil can hold out against the 3. What does the suffix -ly in words like uncontroversially, steady march of MTV and the multinational simply, reliably and tightly indicates: McDonaldisation of pop musica, the legacy surveyed in this four-volume potpourri is reassuringly luxuriant and 4. Find in the tex multifaceted. First impressions are not entirely a. A synonym for Mind encouraging, since, several important figures are missing b. capacity from the play list: although Milton Nascimento contributes two numbers to the final disc, devoted to contemporary 5. “When there is no one to talk with, people talk to strands of that amorphous entity, MPB – Musica Popular themselves, to their dogs, even to their plants.” The word Brasieira- you will look in vain for Gilberto Gil, Caetano themselves is referring to: Veloso or Elis Regina. But Joao Gilberto, Gal Costa and the guitarist Badem Powell, among many others, do make 6. O autor considera qual habilidade como um milagre? an appearence elsewhere. Carnival, understandabily, gets Retire do texto uma frase que justifiquePENGE 4 a whole disc itself. The section on folk and traditional forms even throws in a field recording of a cadomble religious rite, Healthy Complaining preceded by an overdue reminder that Carmem Mranda amounted to more than a model for gaundy headwear. Spit it out! People who let the world know how they Clice Davis - The Sunday Times, 27 July 1997 feel may be healthier than those who keep their angst to themselves, experts say. “If your anger is justified, complain.” Say James 1. Write, in Portuguese, a summary of the text. Calhoun, professor of Psychology at the University of Georgia. “It's a healthy alternative to burying it.” 2. What does the author say about the first impressions? Supressing complaints can affect one's peace of mind and physical weel-being. Chronic tension, 3. Choose an adjective and transform it into an adverb. unexpressed anger, depression and low self-esteem may impact physical health. New studies suggest the immune 4. “Because you loved me” is a Celine Dion’s song. Read system may be weakened and cardiovasular problems can a passage: develop. And even if you escape physical consequences, For all those times you stood by me/ For all the truth that you may pay a price. you made me see/ For all the join you brought to my life People who never complain may be lacking in self- (…) You gave me faith ‘cause you believed/ I'm everything respect. “If you don't complain when you've got legitimate I am because you loved me grievance”,says Calhoun, “it implies you don't think you There are verbs in the past. Write the irregulars: deserve good things.” 5. Rewrite the sentence in the formal form: Inglês 15
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF >> She’s gonna be waitin’ for you there. 2. É correto afirmar que a vida acadêmica é o que realmente conta ao se iniciar uma carreira profissional? 6. Complete with anything, something, nothing, any or Justifique sua everything. resposta com uma citação do texto. (Obs.: a citação deve 1. I think there is ......... wrong with my VCR. It is not permanecer em inglês.) working very well. 2. My friend's decisions have ......... to do with me. 3. A autora vem fazendo uso de um conselho recebido no 3. My mom asked me how I was, and I said ......... seu primeiro dia de trabalho. Qual é o conselho e quem o was fine. deu? 4. Are there ......... dogs in the house? 4. Por quais razões as sugestões feitas por um novato no emprego podem desencadear reações negativas? PENGE 6 5. Cite duas vantagens obtidas ouvindo e observando o YOUR FIRST JOB seu ambiente de trabalho. Making a Good Impression 6. Retire do texto 2 exemplos de Modal verbs. Shortly after graduation, when the strains of Pomp and Circumstance have begun to fade into the past, it is time for PENGE 7 you to start the next phase of your life. You will begin your first "real job". Generally speaking, most of what you Drug Use Report learned in school will not prepare you for this. Perhaps you A new study examines drug use by young people did an internship or participated in some other type of in the United States. cooperative education experience. In that case, good for The study found that cigarette smoking among you. You will be a step ahead of your peers. However, American teenagers dropped during the past year. The there is a big difference between being a student at work, drop continues a general decrease in teenage smoking and being an employee. Certainly, more will be expected of rates that started in Nineteen-Ninety-Six. you. American health officials praised the decrease as good news in the nation's battle against smoking. They Listen and Observe note that smoking remains the leading cause The best career-related advice I ever received came from of preventable death and disease. Smoking rates among my former boss on my first day of work. She told me to American teenagers increased in the first half of the listen and observe before suggesting any changes. I took Nineteen-Nineties. However, teenage smoking rates have that advice and have used it in other situations, both in and been decreasing in recent years. out of the workplace. While innovation is a good thing, it is The University of Michigan's Institute for Social important to be mindful of dynamics of the workplace. If you Research supervised the latest study. The Department of are entering an environment where routines are already in Health and Human Services reported the findings. place, a newcomer walking in and talking about "better The study involved more than forty-four-thousand students ways" to do things, will often be met with negative in more than four-hundred schools across the United reactions. Why? First, you know nothing about why they do States. They were asked about past and daily use of things the way they do. Second, you haven’t gained the tobacco, alcohol and illegal drugs. trust of your co-workers. Finally, people, by nature, are The youngest students questioned were thirteen threatened by change. years old. The study also involved fifteen-year-old students and seventeen-year-olds. By listening and observing, you will gain a lot. You will learn The most notable change in the study was a about the environment of which you are now a part. You continuation of the decrease in cigarette use among will find out about the people you are working with. You thirteen and fifteen-year-olds. may save yourself from making a major, public mistake – For example, about twelve percent of thirteen-year- your are the new kid on the block while your co-workers old students questioned reported smoking at least one have been around longer. Learn from their collective cigarette during the past month. Six years ago, the rate experience. was twenty-one percent. Among fifteen-year-olds, the rate (Dawn Rosenberg McKay – Texto disponível em www.about.com, acesso dropped from thirty percent in Nineteen-Ninety-Six to em 14/04/05) twenty-one percent last year. Tommy Thompson is the secretary of Health and INSTRUÇÕES: Human Services. He praised the findings. He said more • excetuando-se a citação solicitada na questão 2 (dois), teenagers are making correct choices that will help them que deverá ser mantida em inglês, as demais questões avoid health problems caused by tobacco. podem ser respondidas em português ou em inglês; The study found that use of alcoholic drinks and • todas as questões deverão ser respondidas baseadas no illegal drugs among American teenagers remained the texto. same or dropped during the past year. However, the use of one illegal drug known as Ecstasy continued to increase. 1. Segundo o texto, que fator(es) colocaria(m) o candidato Yet the rate of increase was not as great as in recent em vantagem em relação aos outros candidatos da mesma years. idade? American health officials said they will continue to give teenagers scientific information about the serious Inglês 16
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF health risks of Ecstasy and other illegal drugs. The goal is E) warn the residents about the risk of being attacked to further reduce the use of these drugs. by the mad anthrax killer. (George Grow, VOA Special English Science Report, February 27, 2002) 3. The mad bomber A) sent letters to people also living in areas outside New 1. Answer: York and California. A. What is the study about? B) chose addressees who lived exclusively either in B. "He said more teenagers are making correct choices New York or in California. that will help them avoid health problems caused by C) has been hunted by the FBI agents around the tobacco." In sentence, the word "them" refers to world. D) used a different explosive device in each of his 2. How many people participated and how old were letters. them E) worked for the Postal Service. 3. What is Tommy Thompson’s opinion 04. After reading line 01, we may say that the killer attacked 4. According to the text the use of one drug is A) less than a dozen times. increasing. The drug is B) no less than a dozen times. C) much more than a dozen times. 5. What is the aim of the American officials D) much less than a dozen times. E) exactly a dozen times. 6. What happened in the first half of the Nineteen- Nineties 05. We can infer that the terrorist A) planned biological attacks to New York and California. B) called the FBI and threatened more lethal letters. EXERCÍCIOS C) used different pseudonyms in the letters he sent. D) was silent for nearly twelve months. HELP FIND THIS MAD BOMBER E) may have left the United States. 6. Mark the option that contains the right comment about Male Caucasian Height: 5´ 30” Weight: 180 lbs Hair: the bomber’s appearance. Brownish-blond Age: Mid-forties A) A hairless man. This mad bomber has struck at least a dozen times. His B) A man with a long beard. airmailed bombs killed 12 addressees and injured 21. His C) A man that has a thin mustache. targets have ranged from New York to California. His D) A man whose stature is unknown. motive is unknown. The search for the terrorist has turned E) A 45 - year old man approximately. into a massive manhunt. Postal inspectors have studied the names of more than 80,000 people. FBI agents across the nation and, through the Interpol, around the world have 7. Insert T (true) or F (false) in the parentheses. been alerted. There is a $ 60,000 reward for information leading to his arrest and conviction. ( ) Nobody knows for sure what the killer’s reasons are. ( ) A restricted search ended up becoming a colossal one. 1.The heading “HELP FIND THIS ( ) The mad bomber has made victims all over the MAD BOMBER” is similar in States. meaning to ( ) Only police officers may take part in the massive A) Help the police find this man and manhunt. become a national hero. ( ) A bomb exploded on a flight from New York to B) Press the government into California causing 33 casualties. reorganizing the Postal Service Mark the correct sequence. security. A) T–T–T–F–F C) Contact authorities B) F–F–F–T–T immediately if you have any C) T–T–F–F–T information about this man. D) T–F–T–F–F D) Arrest this criminal if you happen to come across E) F–T–F–T–T him. E)Offer a donation to sponsor a nationwide search Text II LAST CALL 2. One of the objectives of the text is to A) give details about a massive manhunt. 911(*): What’s the problem? B) advertise a prisoner’s ‘wanted’ poster. Caller: I might have been exposed to anthrax. C) alert the agents around the world to prepare for 911: Do you know when? action. Caller: It was a week ago, last Saturday morning at work. D) get the population involved in the search for the I work for the Postal Service. I went to the doctor criminal. Thursday, he took a culture, but he never got back to me Inglês 17
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF with the results. I went through an achiness and B)“Relax man, you don’t even know what you’re laughing headachiness, which started Tuesday. Now ’m having at! This isn’t an explosive agent… It’s a free sample of a difficulty breathing, and just to move any distance, I feel new kind of powder soap.” like I’m going to faint. C)“Now, now just get your life to normal. There’s no need 911: O.K., which post office do you work at? to panic about your mail.” Caller: This is the post office downtown. A woman found D)“Freeze! You’re under arrest! You have the right to an envelope, and I was in the vicinity. It had powder in it. remain silent.” They never let us know whether the thing had anthrax or E) “See, I told you they can bomb anything and anywhere.” not. They never, ah, treated the people who were around this particular individual and the supervisor who handled the envelope. So I don’t know if it is or not. But the EXERCÌCIO II symptoms that I’ve had are what was described to me in a letter they put out. Except for vomiting. I’m not bleeding, 1) Over fishing doesn't help, but doesn't the dearth of top and I don’t have diarrhea either. predators suggest that toxic concentration is the main 911: I’m going to get the call in to the ambulance. (*) 911 – problem (as with birds of prey and pesticides)? Scientists 24-hour emergency service. have warned us for decades that the fish we eat have become dangerously contaminated by fecal waste, man- 8. We may infer that made toxins and heavy metals like mercury and cadmium. A)the person who made the last call during that day was Such fish are unhealthy for us and even more so for the the supervisor. marine predators that, unlike us, have only one food source B)911 accepted no other phone calls after the postal and no detox clinics! Do we need endless studies to prove worker’s. that poisoning our seas is stupid? Or that the loss of fish C)the postal worker made his last call from the hospital. will lead to worldwide starvation? Clearly, drastic action is D)the caller died while being taken to the hospital. required, but those most capable are the least inclined to E)the caller might have died after the call act. The problem is human nature. In ancient cultures, rulers like Rome's patricians continued their shortsighted 9. Mark the option that contains the correct statement. quest for more wealth at the expense of their own A)Vomiting is not a symptom that results from anthrax. populations. Today's problems threaten more than just the B)The symptoms the caller describes to the 911 operator loss of social cohesion, so perhaps our movers and are consistent with anthrax. shakers will act to reverse the damage. I wouldn't bet on it, C)The postal worker is completely sure he was exposed to though. Dubya and his ilk, by remaining in willful denial, will anthrax last Saturday morning. likely consign us to a permanent dark age. GWYN D)The postal worker’s body movements haven’t been THOMAS PARIS, FRANCE affected by what he thinks is anthrax. E)A week before the call, the postal worker handled an In the letter a reader wrote to the American magazine, we envelope presumed to have anthrax. can find almost at the end of it (line 19): "I wouldn't bet on it, though." The underlined word conveys the idea of: 10. The caller had information concerning the symptoms caused by anthrax because A) reason A)the supervisor had told him about them. B) contrast B)he had attended a lecture on the subject. C) consequence C)he had seen a documentary about the topic. D) emphasis D)he had read informative material on anthrax. E) purpose E)the Postal Service had shown a film on the effects of anthrax. 2) The letter below was published in Newsweek (September l, 2003) as a comment on the cover story Text III CARTOON above. Read the text and answer the question after it. Save Our Last Frontier I thank and applaud you for your responsible July 14 cover story, "Are the Oceans Dying?" It is vital to our planet and our own survival that each of us takes our head out of the sand and becomes proactive. Unfortunately, there wasn't any information in your article on where to find up-dates or how to get involved. Like most people, I feel overwhelmed and powerless reading the negative reports about the environment-mainly due to the lack of contacts and resources made available to the public. Please add such useful information so that people like me can get involved. LAURA SHOEMAKER COCONUT GROVE, FLORIDA When Laura Shoemaker says "It's vital ... that each of us takes our head out of the sand ...", she means that: 11. Study the context and choose the words the postman is saying in the cartoon. A) our involvement must be taken as a kind of information A)“Stop calling me. You can’t get out of paying your bills B) we should provide financial aid to the public in general just by claiming the envelopes may contain anthrax.” Inglês 18
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF C) the main reason for negative reports is the lack of C) Thomas cites some elements that have contaminated contacts and resources the only food source the sea predators have D) everybody must wave the flag and be part of the D) It's clear that the end of animal life in the seas will movement to save the seas. increase hunger everywhere. E) nobody can feel powerless about that environmental E) Thomas seems not to believe that world leaders will act issue to change the way things are nowadays concerning the issue 3) Read the letter below, published on September l, 2003, the reader's opinion about the cover story (July 14) and 5) Read the following text, a reader's letter, and answer the answer the question. question about it. Is it any surprise that humans are dismantling the "last Your article about overfishing reminded me of a nice lunch I unexplored frontier"? Exploitation of resources seems had: fried Pacific red snapper, dipped in a tasty butter always to go unchecked until the last minute, when sauce, served in cozy surroundings. Everything was perfect economic reasons force governments to react. Take the except that the head of the fish, its eyes and mouth wide world's forests and grasslands as prime examples. Viewing open in a morbid stare, was pointed toward me. natural ecosystems primarily as a resource to be exploited, But pricey gourmet meals do not foster conversation about rather than observing their intrinsic and esthetic value, will the dwindling population of the sea. That fish was pointing always have drastic consequences. In this case, it might at us, its dumb mouth crying out for help. RONALD D. already be too late. Imposing quotas or bans does not PRATANATA JAKARTA, INDONÉSIA work. It's easy to blame fisheries. As long as there is a The words below present either a definition or a synonym. demand, they will continue to provide. The difficulty lies in Choose the one which is NOT correct. raising people's consciousness to lessen the impact on aquatic ecosystems. If top marine predators are to stand A) tasty (line 2) — having a pleasant flavor any chance, it's up to us, the predators above them, to B) cozy (line 3) — comfortable and safe abstain from, or at least to reduce, their consumption. C) stare (line 5) — a fixed look ADAM LERCH JOENSUU, FINLAND D) pricey (line 6) — expensive Adam Lerch's letter says (line 8): "In this case, it might E) dumb (line 8) — stupid already be too late." The underlined referent this replaces: EXERCÌCIO III A) the world's forests and grasslands B) the dying oceans. 1) "At first sight, immigration might be considered purely as C) the fisheries a favor the country does to its newest inhabitants. This D) the natural ecosystem disregards the fact that, when an adult comes over to live in E) the esthetic value the adopted country, another nation has had to support, feed and educate or train him, over many years, during 4) Read the letter below (Newsweek, September 1, 2003) which the child is an unproductive consumer of goods and about the cover story above (July 14). services. Overfishing doesn't help, but doesn't the dearth of top Which comment on some words from the text is NOT predators suggest that toxic concentration is the main correct? problem (as with birds of prey and pesticides)? Scientists have warned us for decades that the fish we eat have A) Might (line 1) implies possibility// become dangerously contaminated by fecal waste, man- B) Newest (line 2), adopted (line 3) and unproductive (line made toxins and heavy metals like mercury and cadmium. 5) are all working as adjectives.// Such fish are unhealthy for us and even more so for the C) This (line 2) is a reference to "favor// marine predators that, unlike us, have only one food source D) Feed (line 4) is cognate with food as well as bleed is and no detox clinics! Do we need endless studies to prove cognate with blood// that poisoning our seas is stupid? Or that the loss of fish E) Goods (line 5) means items that can be bought or sold. will lead to worldwide starvation? Clearly, drastic action is required, but those most capable are the least inclined to 2 ) IS FRANCE RIGHT? act. The problem is human nature. In ancient cultures, rulers like Rome's patricians continued their shortsighted Jacques Chirac was mocked when he tried to stop the war quest for more wealth at the expense of their own with Iraq. Today the French position looks prescient. populations. Today's problems threaten more than just the What's wrong with the Iraqis? The United States loss of social cohesion, so perhaps our movers and and Britain freed them from Saddam Hussein and, sure, shakers will act to reverse the damage. I wouldn't bet on it, the vast majority says that's great. A Gallup poll, released though. Dubya and his ilk, by remaining in willful denial, will last week, found that 62 percent think liberty is worth the likely consign us to a permanent dark age. GWYN hardship. But they don't much like their liberators. The THOMAS PARIS, FRANCE same poll shows their preferred country by far is - get this - According to Gwyn Tomas's letter, all statements are true France. And their favorite leader? Jacques Chirac. The EXCEPT FOR: French president's approval rating tops George W. Bush's by 13 points in Baghdad. Tony Blair couldn't be elected A) We can save the top predators by providing detox clinics dogcatcher. It would be a mistake to read too much into for them. this. Pools are just political beauty contests. But clearly it's B) The reader compares the situation of marine predators a milestone on Chirac's road to the title of Mr. Un-America. to that of birds of prey. In the months since the Iraq crisis began, France has Inglês 19
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF shrewdly positioned itself not so much as the enemy of the n) It/ he/ - United States but the stand-bearer for everyone on the globe who doesn't share the Bush administration's with-us- EXERCÍCIO VI Tenses or-against-us world view. Righteous crusades against Evil, the French warned, can have evil consequences of their Present Simple, Present Progressive own. Even the best-intentioned occupiers of foreign lands will find themselves reviled by people anxious to control 1. Underline the correct word or phrase in each their own destinies. sentence. Newsweek, October 6, 2003) a) I haven't decided yet about whether to buy a new car or a second-hand one. But / think about it/I'm thinking about it. According to the excerpt: b) All right, you try to fix the television! But / hope/I'm hoping you know what you're doing. A) Chirac's criticism of U. S. bilateralism has made him a c) Every year / visit/I'm visiting Britain to improve my popular figure across the globe// English. B) the french president is 13% more popular than Bush in d) It's time we turned on the central heating. It gets/It's Iraq, according to Gallup.// getting colder every day. C) most people in Iraq think difficulties overcome their wish e) Of course, you're Mary, aren't you! / recognise/I am for freedom// recognising you now. D) even the British Prime Minister has gotten more success f) The film of 'War and Peace' is very long. It lasts/It is than the american president, despite the poll// lasting over four hours. E) in any freed country, the population always greets their g) I can see from what you say that your mornings are very liberators and wants them to manage the country's destiny busy! But what do you do/are you doing in the afternoons? h) I'm going to buy a new swimming costume. My old one EXERCÍCIO IV doesn't fit/isn't fitting any more, i) That must be the end of the first part of the performance. Read the text below What happens/is happening now? j) What's the matter? Why do you look/are you looking at The pale knight ____ on the throne and began to tell this me like that? tale. I _____ know that she would give me such pain when I first met ____ . She sent me a letter, which I read at once. 2. Underline the correct word or phrase in each She begged me to write back and so I asked her to meet sentence. me. She road through the night and we met _____ eight a) I work in this office all this year/all the time. when the t dew was still _____ the grass and the faint sun b) Emerson is currently/for long top of the driver's league. was peaking over the hills. I _____ believe what I saw, she c) I am not making much money these days/so far this was _____ beautiful sight. Her eyes _____ blue and her year. long hair was fair and straight. She looked flawless. d) The food tastes even worse now/presently. You've put She gave me a long stare. I responded with a bow and too much salt in. wondered why she was there. Then she _____ me to slay e) Normally/previously we get in touch with customers by and bury the king, her husband. _____ could wait no post. longer. Her request made me weak. I am a plain man, but f) Pete was ill but he is getting over his illness soon/now. my love for _____ dear queen was so great that I said I g) I'm feeling rather run down lately/at present, doctor, would do it. It was not an easy feat, heaven _____, but at h) I always stay on duty since/until six o'clock. last I killed _____ with my sword. I dug a deep hole in a i) I'm often/forever picking your hairs out of the bath! place in the garden. j) Fortunately the baby now/recently sleeps all night. Since them I haven’t had peace. I can hardly bear _____. My heart is breaking. 3. Put each verb in brackets into the present simple or Last week she wrote to an aunt to say that she will marry present continuous. once more, but first she needs someone to do some 1. British people (drink) more and more wine, apparently. digging for her. Her new flower bed is very sweet, but she’d 2. I hope Sarah will be here soon. I (depend) on her. prefer it if it was a pair. 3. Please be quiet, David. You (forever/interrupt). 4. Hey, you! What (you/think) you're doing? Mark the right answer: 5. Could you come here please? I (want) to talk to you a) sat/ sit/ sitted now. b) didn’t/ did/ don´t 6. Jane is away on holiday so Linda (handle) her work. c) - / his/ her 7. To be honest, I (doubt) whether Jim will be here next d) in/ at/ for week. e) on/ for/ above 8. You've only just started the job, haven't you? How f) couldn´t/ can/ can´t (you/get on)? g) - / an/ a 9. Pay no attention to Graham. He (just/be) sarcastic. h) was/ were/ did 10. (hear) that you have been promoted. Congratulations! i) asked/ asking/ will ask j) her/ his/ she Past Tenses k) this/ - / my l) knowed/ knows/ knew 1. Underline the correct word or phrase in each m) his/ he/ him sentence. Inglês 20
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF a) When you passed the town hall clock, did you This time last year I (1) (cycle) in the rain along a country notice/were you noticing what time it was? road in France with a friend of mine. We (2) (decide) to go b) Last night my neighbours were shouting/would shout for on a cycling holiday in Normandy. Neither of us (3) (be) to hours and I couldn't get to sleep. France before, but we (4) (know) some French from our c) When you lived in London, did you use to travel/were time at school and we (5) (manage) to brush up on the you travelling by bus? basics. Now we (6) (wonder) if we (7) (make) the right d) Everyone was having a good time, although not many decision. We (8) (plan) our route carefully in advance, but people danced/were dancing. we (9) (forget) one important thing, the weather. It (10) e) Jill was really hungry because she didn't eat/hadn't (rain) solidly since our arrival and that night we (11) (end eaten all day. up) sleeping in the waiting room at a railway station. Then f) Before we went to the theatre, we called in/had called in the next morning as we (12) (ride) down a steep hill my at George's cafe for a pizza. bike (13) (skid) on the wet road and I (14) (fall off). I (15) g) It took a while for me to notice, but then I did. Everyone (realise) immediately that I (16) (break) my arm, and after a stared/was staring at me. What had I done wrong? visit to the local hospital I (17) (catch) the next train to h) Nobody bothered to tell me that the school decided/had Calais for the ferry home. Unfortunately my parents (18) decided to have a special holiday on Friday. (not/expect) me home for a fortnight, and (19) (go) away on i) I was trying/tried to get in touch with you all day holiday. So I (20) (spend) a miserable couple of weeks yesterday. Where were you? j) A: Excuse me, but this seat is mine. Future Tenses B: I'm sorry, I didn't realise/hadn't realised that you were sitting here. 1. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable verb form. a) In twenty-four hours' time (I/relax) on my yacht. 2. Underline the correct word or phrase in each b) There's someone at the door.' That (be) the postman.' sentence. c) By the time you get back Harry (leave). a) Once/Afterwards I'd read the manual, I found I could use d) It's only a short trip. I (be) back in an hour. the computer easily. e) What (you/do) this Saturday evening? Would you like to b) It was more than a month before/until I realised what had go out? happened. f) By the end of the week we (decide) what to do. c) I managed to talk to Carol just as/while she was leaving. g) It (not/be) long before Doctor Smith is here. d) It wasn't until/up to 1983 that Nigel could afford to take h) We'll go to the park when you (finish) your tea. holidays abroad. i) It's very hot in here. I think I (faint). e) George always let me know by the time/whenever he j) What (you/give) Ann for her birthday? Have you decided was going to be late. yet? f) I was having a bath at the time/that time, so I didn't hear the doorbell. g) We bought our tickets and five minutes after/later the 2. Complete the common expressions using the words train arrived. from the box. h) According to Grandpa, people used to dress formally let give be go see come have go those days/in his day. be see i) Everyone was talking but stopped at that time/the moment Mr Smith arrived, b) I'll … a look and get back to you. j) The letter still hadn't arrived by/until the end of the week. c) I'll … it some thought. d) I'll … you know by tomorrow. 3. Decide if the verb form underlined is correct or not. e) I'll just … and get it. If it is correct, write a tick. If not, correct it. f) I'll … halves with you. Text 1: The train (1) ground to a halt at a small station g) I'll … to it. miles from London, and it (2) became apparent that the h) I'll … back in a minute. engine (3) had broken down. Everyone (4) was getting their i) I'll … about five minutes. cases down from the luggage racks, and we (5) were j) I'll … and show you. waiting on the platform in the freezing wind for hours until the next train (6) was turning up. Which expression means one of the following? 1) I will try and do this for you. Text 2: The mysterious disappearance of Professor 2) I'll share it with you. Dawson (1) was on Inspector Corse's mind. Six months 3) I'll fix it/arrange it. before the Professor's disappearance, he (2) was receiving a) I'll what I can do. a letter from Jean Dawson, the Professor's wife. In the letter, Jean (3) accused her husband of plotting to murder 3. Put each verb in brackets into either the past simple, her. Gorse (4) considered what his next step should be present perfect simple or present perfect continuous. when the phone rang. It was Sergeant Adams from the I (1) (move) to London three weeks ago to take up a new Thames Valley police force. A fisherman (5) discovered a post at my company's London office. Ever since then, I (2) body in the River Thames, and it (6) fitted the description of (wonder) if I (3) (make) the right decision. I (4) (see) a lot of the Professor. negative things about living in the capital, and I can't say London (5) (make) a very favourable impression on me. It's 4. Put each verb in brackets into a suitable past verb so polluted and expensive, and the people are so distant. form. You see, I (6) (grow up) in a fairly small town called Inglês 21
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  Pré-Universitário Popular daUFF Devizes and I (7) (spend) all of my life there. I (8) (always/want) to live in a big city and so when my company (9) (offer) me a job in London, I (10) (jump) at the chance. I think I'm not alone in my aversion to the big city. According to a programme I (11) (just/hear) on the radio, more and more people (12) (stop) working in London recently, and a lot of large companies (13) (choose) to move away from the centre. Oh well, it's too late to change my mind now, because the job is up and running, and I (14) (already/sell) my house in Devizes. But I must admit, over the past few days, I (15) (secretly/hope) that the company would relocate me back to my old town. Inglês 22