Application of GIS (Geographical information system)

Application of GIS (Geographical information system)

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  SUBMITTED BY FALAH ANWAR 2AB14CV010
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  INTRODUCTION  A GeographicInformation System (GIS) is a collection of computer software, hardware, data, and personnel used to store, manipulate, analyze, and present geographically referenced information.  Geographic Information systems (GIS) represent a powerful new means to efficiently manage and integrate the numerous types of information necessary for the planning, design, construction, analysis, operation, maintenance, and administration of transportation systems and facilities.
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  APPLICATIONS  Transportation  WaterResource Engineering  Urban Planning  Construction  Analysis
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  TRANSPORTATION • GIS-T usedfor different purposes like analyzing the annual capital improvement plans to identify noise regulations, violations around the area. • GIS-T cover much of the broad scope of transportation and logistics, such as infrastructure planning and management, transportation safety analysis, travel demand analysis, traffic monitoring and control, public transit planning etc. • Other applications of GIS-T are routing and scheduling vehicle tracking and dispatching site selection and service area analysis. • Now a days, growing number of Internet based and wireless GIS-T application can be found like, google maps and mapquest.
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  WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERING There are many areas in Water Resources Engineering where GIS may be successfully applied.  Lets take an example of a dam, a dam is proposed to be constructed across a river, for which the following information may be desired: • Watershed area contributing to the project site • Reservoir surface area and volume, given the height of the dam etc.
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  URBAN PLANNING  GISis one such sophisticated tool to handle spatial information and sequentially analyze the physical environment with that of its attribute data such as Canopy, Land use, Land cover, Environmental resources, water line, and sewer line etc and related to its topology.  The following methodology was adopted in the present study of urban planning, _ The base map of the study area is prepared using existing Map. _ Using GIS technique, the thematic maps have been prepared. _ Digitizing, Editing & labelling the various thematic maps, Integration and preparation of derived maps using GIS software
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  CONSTRUCTION  It isthe stage when all layout plans and paper work design come into existence in the real world. The GIS helps the professionals to understand the site conditions that affect the schedule baseline and cost baseline. To keep the construction within budget and schedule GIS guides us about how to utilize our resources on site efficiency by:
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   Timely usageof construction equipment.  Working Hours  Effects of seasonal fluctuations.  Optimizing routes for dumpers and concrete trucks  Earth filling and cutting  Calculation of volumes and areas of constructed phase thereby helping in Estimation and Valuation.
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  ANALYSIS  Analysis isone of the major and most influential phases of infrastructure life cycle. Analysis guides us about the validity or correctness of design or we can say that analysis is a method which supports our design. Some of the analyses that can be performed by GIS are:
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   Water distributionanalysis  Traffic management analysis  Soil analysis  Site feasibility analysis  Environment impact analysis  Volume or Area analysis of catchment  River or canals pattern analysis  Temperature and humidity analysis
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  THANK YOU