Apps of osmium and iridium
- 1. APPLICATIONS OF OSMIUM AND IRIDIUM PRESENTED TO : MAM ANAM ZULFIQAR PRESENTED BY : AYZA JABEEN DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY
- 2. INTRODUCTION TO OSMIUM Discovered by the British chemist Smithson Tennant in 1803. Identified in the black residue remaining after dissolving platinum ore with aqua regia. Osmium is present in 8th group and 6th period. The metal is not toxic
- 3. APPLICATIONS OF OSMIUM • Due to its rarity and hence expense, osmium has a limited number of applications. Osmium can be used as an alloying agent, where it adds hardness to the resultant metal. Examples include platinum or indium. Certain alloys of osmium and platinum are used in the manufacture of specialized laboratory equipment,
- 4. CONTI……… Finely divided osmium metal can be used as a catalyst e.g. In the process of forming ammonia by combining hydrogen and nitrogen. Hard alloys can be produced by using osmium. Osmium alloys are used in ball point pen tips, fountain pen tips, record player needles, Early light bulb filaments used osmium. This was later replaced by
- 5. CONTI………. Osmium tetroxide is highly volatile and strongly oxidizing and is beneficial in the chemical industry as long as one takes sufficient precautions. Osmium tetroxide is used for staining biological samples for microscopic examination and for fingerprint detection.
- 6. INTRODUCTION TO IRIDIUM Discovered by the British chemist Smithson Tennant in 1803.Identified in the black residue remaining after dissolving platinum ore with aqua regia. Iridium is in 9th group and 6th period. Iridium is considered to be of low toxicity. Iridium in powder form is a known irritant and is a fire hazard.
- 7. APPLICATIONS OF IRIDIUM • Historical uses ir-os alloy was used to tip fountain pen nibs. The pigment, IR- OS black is used for painting porcelain an intense black. • Medical uses Ir-192 is used as source of gamma radiations for treatment of cancer. In February 2019, medical scientists announced that iridium attached to albumin , creating a photosensitized molecule , can penetrate cancerous cells and, after being irradiated with light (a process called photodynamic therapy), destroy the cancer cells.
- 8. CONTI…. •Industrial Uses Long life aircraft engine parts are made of iridium alloy. Devices that are subjected to extremely high temperature are made of iridium. E.g. Crucibles. Iridium is a good catalyst for the decomposition of hydrazine and to produce acetic acid. used in practice in low-thrust rocket engines. It is also used as catalyst An iridium–
- 9. CONTI……. •Scientific applications • An alloy of 90 % platinum and 10 % iridium was used in 1889 to construct the international prototype meter & kilogram mass kept by the international bureau of weights and measures.
- 10. REFERENCES • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/iridium • https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/77/iridium • https://www.chemicool.com/elements/iridium.html • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/osmium • https://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/76/osmium • https://www.azom.com/article.aspx?articleid=6061 • https://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-osmium-uses-facts- information.html