Arduino Section Programming - from Sparkfun

Code
http://arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage

Comments
• Comments can be anywhere

Comments
• Comments created with // or /*
and */

Comments
and */
• Comments do not affect code

Comments
and */
• Comments do not affect code
• You may not need comments,
but think about the community!

Operators
The equals sign
= is used to assign a value
== is used to compare values

Operators
And & Or
&& is “and”
|| is “or”

Variables
Basic variable types:
Boolean
Integer
Character

Declaring Variables
Boolean: boolean variableName;

Declaring Variables
Integer: int variableName;

Declaring Variables
Character: char variableName;

Declaring Variables
Character: char variableName;
String: stringName [ ];

Assigning Variables
Boolean: variableName = true;
or variableName = false;

Assigning Variables
Integer: variableName = 32767;
or variableName = -32768;

Assigning Variables
Integer: variableName = 32767;
or variableName = -32768;
Character: variableName = ‘A’;
or stringName = “SparkFun”;

Variable Scope
Where you declare your variables matters

Setup
void setup ( ) { }
The setup function comes before
the loop function and is necessary
for all Arduino sketches

Setup
void setup ( ) { }
The setup header will never change,
everything else that occurs in setup
happens inside the curly brackets

Setup
void setup ( ) {
pinMode (13, OUTPUT); }
Outputs are declare in setup, this is
done by using the pinMode function
This particular example declares digital pin # 13 as an
output, remember to use CAPS

Setup
void setup ( ) { Serial.begin;}
Serial communication also begins in
setup
This particular example declares Serial communication
at a baud rate of 9600. More on Serial later...

Setup, Internal Pullup Resistors
void setup ( ) {
digitalWrite (12, HIGH); }
You can also create internal pullup resistors in setup, to
do so digitalWrite the pin HIGH
This takes the place of the pullup resistors currently on
your circuit 7 buttons

Setup, Interrupts
void setup ( ) {
attachInterrupt (interrupt, function,
mode) }
You can designate an interrupt
function to Arduino pins # 2 and 3
This is a way around the linear
processing of Arduino

Setup, Interrupts
void setup ( ) {
mode) }
Interrupt: the number of the interrupt, 0
or 1, corresponding to Arduino pins # 2
and 3 respectively
Function: the function to call when the
interrupt occurs
Mode: defines when the interrupt should
be triggered

Setup, Interrupts
void setup ( ) {
mode) }
•LOW whenever pin state is low
•CHANGE whenever pin changes value
•RISING whenever pin goes from low to
high
•FALLING whenever pin goes from low to
high
Don’t forget to CAPITALIZE

If Statements
if ( this is true ) { do this; }

If

Conditional

Action

Basic Repetition
• loop
• For
• while

Basic Repetition
void loop ( ) { }

Basic Repetition
void loop ( ) { }
The “void” in the header is what
the function will return (or spit out)
when it happens, in this case it
returns nothing so it is void

Basic Repetition
void loop ( ) { }
The “loop” in the header is what the
function is called, sometimes you make
the name up, sometimes (like loop) the
function already has a name

Basic Repetition
void loop ( ) { }
The “( )” in the header is where you
declare any variables that you are
“passing” (or sending) the function, the
loop function is never “passed” any
variables

Basic Repetition
for (int count = 0; count<10; count++)
{
//for action code goes here
//this could be anything
}

Basic Repetition
for (int count = 0; count<10; count++)
{
//for action code goes here
}

Basic Repetition
while ( count<10 )
{
//while action code goes here
}

Basic Repetition
while ( count<10 )
{
//while action code goes here
//should include a way to change count
//variable so the computer is not stuck
//inside the while loop forever
}

Basic Repetition
while ( count<10 )
{
//looks basically like a “for” loop
//except the variable is declared before
//and incremented inside the while
//loop
}

Basic Repetition
Or maybe:
while ( digitalRead(buttonPin)==1 )
{
//instead of changing a variable
//you just read a pin so the computer
//exits when you press a button
//or a sensor is tripped
}

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Boulder, Colorado 80301

Arduino Section Programming - from Sparkfun

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