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Arts & Photography
This document provides an overview of the history and fundamentals of photography. It discusses early pioneers like Johann Schulze and Thomas Wedgwood who experimented with capturing images but lacked a way to make the results permanent. The document then outlines basic photographic concepts like composition, exposure, lens, and light. It provides principles for each concept, such as using the rule of thirds for composition, adjusting aperture and shutter speed for exposure control, and choosing appropriate lenses and lighting angles. The goal is to teach photographers how to capture high-quality images by understanding these underlying technical and artistic principles.
In this document
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Overview of the art of photography and learning outcomes, followed by early history highlighting key milestones.
Details on the beginnings of camera use including Johann Heinrich Schulze and Thomas Wedgwood's attempts.
Key aspects to know for photography including understanding camera functions, the 2-second rule, and storytelling through images.
Four essential composition techniques: uncluttering images, rule of thirds, use of frames and lines, and exploring dramatic perspectives.
Fundamentals of exposure involving aperture, shutter speed, and ISO settings, along with practical tips for achieving the desired effects.
Effects of different lenses on photography and lighting techniques to enhance imagery without flash.
Introduction to various photography styles: restoration, portrait, phone, street, and rural photography.
Highlighting the importance of passion in creative endeavors, framed with a quote by W. Eugene Smith.
Final thanks and closure of the presentation.
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- 4. Camera Use beginning •1717, Johann Heinrich Schulze • captured cut-out letters on a bottle of a light-sensitive slurry, but he apparently never thought of making the results durable
- 5. A pioneer ofphotography • Around 1800, Thomas Wedgwood made the first reliably documented, although unsuccessful attempt at capturing camera images in permanent form.
- 6. View from theWindow at Le Gras 1826 or 1827, believed to be the earliest surviving camera photograph. Original (left) & colorized reoriented enhancement (right).
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- 9. The 6 ThingsTo Know • Know your camera • Hold the camera still • The 2-second rule • Take a few more • Tell a “story” • Capture the “mood”
- 10. C . E. L . L . • C omposition • E xposure • L ens • L ight
- 11. Composition Principle 1 Un-clutter thepicture. Zoom in. A good photograph is a subject, a context, and nothing else. Remove any clutter that detracts from your message. Get closer -- zoom in -- and crop as tightly as possible
- 12. Composition Principle 2 Put subjectoff-centre / Rule of thirds The center of the frame is the weakest place -- it's static, dull, and gives no value to the context. The more you move the subject away from the center, the more relevance you give to the context unless it’s a reflection
- 13. Composition Principle 3 Use offrames, lines & diagonals Create impact by using frames and real or inferred lines that lead the viewer's eye into and around the picture
- 14. Composition Principle 4 Dramatic Perspective Createimpact by photographing your subjects from unexpected angles. Imagine yourself as an electron spinning around the subject, which is the nucleus of an atom
- 15. Exposure • Aperture • Shutterspeed • ISO
- 16. Aperture: General Rulesand tips • A larger lens opening (f1.8-3.5) offers the following advantages: – Allows you to shoot more often with just natural lighting helps to reduce harsh shadows and red-eye caused by flash. – Allows more light to pass through, the camera will be able to choose a slightly higher shutter speed helps to reduce motion blur. – Helps to reduce "depth-of-field“ (for effect).
- 17. Aperture Principle Affect depth offield (range of distance in focus) When shooting a landscape, as much of the photograph in sharp focus as possible (f11 to f22). In a portrait, shallower dof (f2.8-8) will isolate your subject from distracting backgrounds
- 18. Shutter speed: GeneralRules and tips • To capture blur-free "action" photographs (e.g. Sports), you need to make sure the camera is using a high shutter speed, e.g.1/125th of a second or more. • Less light gets through to the imager as shutter speed is increased, thus difficult to use higher shutter speeds in lower light situations. • Alternatives: Allow more light to pass through the lens (larger aperture setting), the other is to increase the ISO
- 19. Shutter Speed Principle Freezing motion(achieve the desired effect) Absolutely sharp images are not always the best. They can look static and dull. At slow shutter speeds the camera blurs the image of moving objects, and can create a more convincing image of movement.
- 20. ISO: General Rulesand tips • ISO settings are often rated at 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and even 3200 on some models • Use an ISO of 100 or 200 when taking photographs outside in sunny conditions. • If the sky is overcast or it is evening time, or in a darkened room, then use an ISO within the range of 400 to 800. • Night time or in cases of low light you might need to set your digital camera ISO to 1600. If not your photo will appear too dark, if at all.
- 21. ISO Setting Principle Set thelowest setting possible to avoid noise ISO measures the sensitivity of the image sensor. The lower the number the less sensitive your camera is to light and the finer the grain. ISO 100 ISO 3200
- 22. Lens Principle Wide Angle (35mm)or Telephoto (70mm) Wide-angle lenses allow more of a picture to be captured (need focal point) while telephoto lenses tighten the scene and isolate the subject (but affect the depth of field & increase camera shake)
- 23. Light Principle 1 Avoid usingflash, even for night shots The indiscriminate blast of flash destroys the intimate mood of existing light
- 24. Light Principle 2 Side Lightinginstead of front or overhead (noon-time) lighting The use of frontal flash lighting tends to flatten faces. Use side lighting as much as possible, even moving your subject, if necessary, next to a window.
- 25. Light Principle 3 Use fill-inflash, for backlit situations or overhead sun. Overhead sun creates dark eye sockets and unattractive shadows, which can be reduced by using a flash. Use fill-in flash also for situations where the subject is backlit (camera auto exposure will be confused)
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- 28. Phone Photography PS :I Love You Proud Pinoy
- 29. Street Photography The Pedicaband a Girl Kol pasakay!
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- 31. Passion is in allgreat searches and is necessary to all creative endeavors. W. Eugene Smith
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