Asepsis, infection control

Asepsis, infection control

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  ORPs Educational Programme Presentation : Asepsis & Infection Control Fascinator : Haroon Isaac Date of Presentation : February 06, 2013 Day & Time : Wednesday @ 08:30 am “Asepsis and Infection Control” ASEPSIS: The absence of bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. OR The exclusion of bacteria and other microorganisms, typically during surgery. OR Asepsis is the state of being free from disease-causing contaminants (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) or preventing contact with microorganisms. The term asepsis often refers to those practices used to promote or induce asepsis in an operative field in surgery or medicine to prevent infection. However, Elimination of infection is the goal of asepsis, not sterility. INFECTION CONTROL “Infection Control is the discipline concerned with preventing nosocomial or healthcare associated infection OR Infection Prevention & Control is about preventing infections particularly those that are associated with health care”. We all have a part to play in controlling infection.
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  (Page # 02) CAUSE: Infectionsare caused by bacteria, fungi or viruses entering the body. They can be minor & stay in one area, like a boil or wound, or they can spread throughout the body, like Flu or a blood stream infection. Often, infections are easily dealt with, but sometimes they can cause serious problems. OUR COMMITMENT: Healthcare takes preventing, minimizing & controlling the risk of healthcare associated infection to patients/staff/visitors & carers very seriously. Ways in which we do this include: Education & training in infection control for all staff employed Staff using good hand washing technique or using alcohol handrubs The use of disposable aprons & gloves Infection diseases are a major risk to patients, visitors and staff. Infectious diseases can spread through direct contact or air. For example, a person can get infected if disease-causing organisms enter his or her bloodstream through a small cut or puncture wound or are breathed in or ingested. WHAT ARE BLOOD-BORNE PATHOGENS? Blood-borne pathogens are micro-organisms (germs) that are present in blood and certain body fluids of an infected person. They can be transmitted from one person to another and cause disease. These include Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), as well as pathogens. Exposure to a blood-borne pathogen is a risk for faculty and staff of health-care facilities. HOW CAN YOU BECOME INFECTED? HBV, HCV and HIV are transmitted through these mechanisms: Puncture with sharp objects Blood or body fluid splash, spray, or droplet to mucous membranes (eyes,nise,mouth) Contact with non-intact skin Sexual contact Mother to child
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  (Page # 03) UniversalPrecautions Follow3ing standard –Universal precaution means blood and body fluid tom all patients must be handled as if they were infected with a blood borne pathogen. Wash your hands at the following times:  Between patient contacts  After removing personal protective attire  Before leaving the operating room  After contact with blood / body fluids  After handling of contaminated items  Before & after eating Proper method for washing hands:  Use appropriate scrubbing soap  Use running water  Use 07-10 seconds of friction  Dry your hands with a paper towel Wear gloves when expecting to do the following:  Touch items or surfaces contaminated with blood or other fluids  Handle blood or other body fluids specimens  Come in contact with patients open skin lesions  Perform vascular access procedures  Obtaining a blood sample  Insertion of an IV Always wash hands after removing gloves:  Wear a face shield or a combination of a facemask and protective eyewear when your job puts you at risk of splash, spray, or droplet exposure to the face
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  (Page # 04)  Wear protective clothing such as an apron or other barrier gown when personal clothing is likely to become soiled. The type of protection depends on the task and risk involved  If protective clothing / equipment is penetrated by blood or body fluid, remove it as soon as possible  Remove & dispose of protective attire immediately after use by placing it in designated containers Needle Stick Injuries (NSI) / Sharps Injury: Steps to be followed after NSI: Press & bleed the injured area Wash the injured site with soap & water, dry & cover with saniplast Note patient’s name & MR# Fill the needle prick injury form Contact Infection Control Office/Name on Ext. # ______ / ______ during weekdays. On weekends / public holidays, contact Nursing Supervisor on Ext. # ______. Mucosal Exposures to blood and body fluids: Steps to be followed after mucosal exposure: If eyes are contaminated, rinse gently while open with tap water or saline solution If blood gets into the mouth, spit it out & them rinse mouth with water several times Note patients’ name & MR.# & infectious status Fill the needle prick injury form Contact Infection Control Office/Name on Ext. # ______ / ______ during weekdays. On weekends / public holidays, contact Nursing Supervisor on Ext. # ______. THANKS