Download to read offline
![[d][7]
The Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth,
and the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System. It is the
largest natural satellite of a planet in the Solar System relative to the size of its primary, having 27% the diameter and
1
60% the density of Earth, resulting in ⁄81 itsmass. The Moon is the second densest satellite after Io, a satellite of
Jupiter.The Moon is in synchronous rotation with Earth, always showing the same face with its near side marked by
dark volcanic maria that fill between the bright ancient crustal highlands and the prominent impact craters. It is the
brightest object in the sky after the Sun, although its surface is actually very dark, with a reflectance similar to that of
coal. Its prominence in the sky and its regular cycle of phases have, since ancient times, made the Moon an
important cultural influence on language, calendars, art and mythology. The Moon's gravitational influence produces
the ocean tides and the minute lengthening of the day
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is
also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets. It is sometimes referred to as the world or the Blue
Planet.Earth formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within its first billion
years. Earth's biosphere then significantly altered the atmospheric and other basic physical conditions, which enabled
the proliferation of organisms as well as the formation of the ozone layer, which together with Earth's magnetic
field blocked harmful solar radiation, and permitted formerly ocean-confined life to move safely to land. The physical
properties of the Earth, as well as its geological history and orbit, have allowed life to persist. Estimates on how much
longer the planet will be able to continue to support life range from 500 million years (myr), to as long as 2.3 billion
years.
Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun of the eight planets in the Solar System,
[a]
with an orbital period of
about 88 Earth days. Seen from the Earth, it appears to move around its orbit in about 116 days, which is much faster
than any other planet. This rapid motion may have led to it being named after the Roman deity Mercury, the fastflying messenger to the gods. Because it has almost no atmosphere to retain heat, Mercury's surface experiences the
greatest temperature variation of all the planets, ranging from 100 K (−173 °C; −280 °F) at night to700 K (427 °C;
800 °F) during the day at some equatorial regions. The poles are constantly below 180 K (−93 °C; −136 °F).
1
Mercury's axis has the smallest tilt of any of the Solar System's planets (about ⁄30 of a degree), but it has the
[a]
largest orbital eccentricity. At aphelion, Mercury is about 1.5 times as far from the Sun as it is at perihelion.
Mercury's surface is heavily cratered and similar in appearance to the Moon, indicating that it has been geologically
inactive for billions of years.
A comet is an icy small Solar System body (SSSB) that, when close enough to the Sun, displays a visible coma (a
thin, fuzzy, temporary atmosphere) and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are both due to the effects of solar
radiation and the solar wind upon the nucleus of the comet. Comet nuclei range from a few hundred meters to tens of
kilometers across and are composed of loose collections of ice, dust and small rocky particles. Comets have been
observed since ancient times.
Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second smallest planet in the Solar System. Named after
the Roman god of war, it is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it
a reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thinatmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of
the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps ofEarth. The rotational
period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons.
Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the second highest known mountain within the Solar System (the tallest on a
planet), and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons. The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere
covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature.
[15][16]
Mars has two known moons, Phobos and Deimos,
which are small and irregularly shaped. These may be captured asteroids,
trojan asteroid.
[17][18]
similar to 5261 Eureka, a Martian](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ashish-140206085922-phpapp02/75/Ashish-2-2048.jpg)
Uploaded byRohit Sharma
Ashish
The document provides information about several celestial bodies in our solar system: The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It has dark volcanic maria and bright ancient crustal highlands marked by impact craters. Its prominence and cycle of phases have influenced culture. Earth formed 4.54 billion years ago and life appeared within its first billion years. Estimates suggest the planet can support life for another 500 million to 2.3 billion years. Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun with the greatest temperature variations. It has almost no atmosphere and its surface is heavily cratered, indicating geological inactivity for billions of years.
Ashish
- 2. [d][7] The Moon isthe only natural satellite of the Earth, and the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System. It is the largest natural satellite of a planet in the Solar System relative to the size of its primary, having 27% the diameter and 1 60% the density of Earth, resulting in ⁄81 itsmass. The Moon is the second densest satellite after Io, a satellite of Jupiter.The Moon is in synchronous rotation with Earth, always showing the same face with its near side marked by dark volcanic maria that fill between the bright ancient crustal highlands and the prominent impact craters. It is the brightest object in the sky after the Sun, although its surface is actually very dark, with a reflectance similar to that of coal. Its prominence in the sky and its regular cycle of phases have, since ancient times, made the Moon an important cultural influence on language, calendars, art and mythology. The Moon's gravitational influence produces the ocean tides and the minute lengthening of the day Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets. It is sometimes referred to as the world or the Blue Planet.Earth formed approximately 4.54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface within its first billion years. Earth's biosphere then significantly altered the atmospheric and other basic physical conditions, which enabled the proliferation of organisms as well as the formation of the ozone layer, which together with Earth's magnetic field blocked harmful solar radiation, and permitted formerly ocean-confined life to move safely to land. The physical properties of the Earth, as well as its geological history and orbit, have allowed life to persist. Estimates on how much longer the planet will be able to continue to support life range from 500 million years (myr), to as long as 2.3 billion years. Mercury is the smallest and closest to the Sun of the eight planets in the Solar System, [a] with an orbital period of about 88 Earth days. Seen from the Earth, it appears to move around its orbit in about 116 days, which is much faster than any other planet. This rapid motion may have led to it being named after the Roman deity Mercury, the fastflying messenger to the gods. Because it has almost no atmosphere to retain heat, Mercury's surface experiences the greatest temperature variation of all the planets, ranging from 100 K (−173 °C; −280 °F) at night to700 K (427 °C; 800 °F) during the day at some equatorial regions. The poles are constantly below 180 K (−93 °C; −136 °F). 1 Mercury's axis has the smallest tilt of any of the Solar System's planets (about ⁄30 of a degree), but it has the [a] largest orbital eccentricity. At aphelion, Mercury is about 1.5 times as far from the Sun as it is at perihelion. Mercury's surface is heavily cratered and similar in appearance to the Moon, indicating that it has been geologically inactive for billions of years. A comet is an icy small Solar System body (SSSB) that, when close enough to the Sun, displays a visible coma (a thin, fuzzy, temporary atmosphere) and sometimes also a tail. These phenomena are both due to the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind upon the nucleus of the comet. Comet nuclei range from a few hundred meters to tens of kilometers across and are composed of loose collections of ice, dust and small rocky particles. Comets have been observed since ancient times. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the second smallest planet in the Solar System. Named after the Roman god of war, it is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance. Mars is a terrestrial planet with a thinatmosphere, having surface features reminiscent both of the impact craters of the Moon and the volcanoes, valleys, deserts, and polar ice caps ofEarth. The rotational period and seasonal cycles of Mars are likewise similar to those of Earth, as is the tilt that produces the seasons. Mars is the site of Olympus Mons, the second highest known mountain within the Solar System (the tallest on a planet), and of Valles Marineris, one of the largest canyons. The smooth Borealis basin in the northern hemisphere covers 40% of the planet and may be a giant impact feature. [15][16] Mars has two known moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are small and irregularly shaped. These may be captured asteroids, trojan asteroid. [17][18] similar to 5261 Eureka, a Martian