Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Presentation.pptx

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Presentation.pptx

• 1.
  Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) PharmaceuticalQuality Assurance Prepared by: Vishal Pawar Shreeyash Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research
• 2.
  Introduction to AtomicAbsorption Spectroscopy • - A technique used to determine the concentration of elements in a sample. • - Based on the absorption of light by free atoms in the gaseous state. • - Widely used in pharmaceutical quality control.
• 3.
  Principle of AAS •- Atoms absorb light at specific wavelengths. • - The amount of light absorbed is proportional to the concentration of the element. • - Uses Beer-Lambert's law for quantification.
• 4.
  Instrumentation • 1. RadiationSource: Hollow cathode lamp or electrodeless discharge lamp. • 2. Atomizer: Flame atomizer, graphite furnace, or hydride generator. • 3. Monochromator: Isolates specific wavelength of light. • 4. Detector: Photomultiplier tube or charge- coupled device. • 5. Signal Processor and Display.
• 6.
  Radiation Source • -Hollow cathode lamp: Contains the element to be analyzed. • - Electrodeless discharge lamp: Provides higher intensity for some elements.
• 7.
  Atomizers • - Flameatomizer: Commonly uses air- acetylene or nitrous oxide-acetylene flame. • - Graphite furnace: Provides higher sensitivity for small samples. • - Hydride generator: Used for volatile elements like arsenic and selenium.
• 8.
  Monochromator and Detector •- Monochromator: Grating or prism to select specific wavelength. • - Detector: Converts light signal into electrical signal for measurement.
• 9.
  Advantages of AAS •- High sensitivity and specificity. • - Rapid and accurate analysis. • - Suitable for trace element detection. • - Requires minimal sample preparation.
• 10.
  Applications in Pharmaceuticals •- Detection of metal impurities (e.g., lead, cadmium). • - Quality control of raw materials. • - Monitoring elemental composition of drugs and excipients.
• 11.
  Interferences in AAS •- Spectral interference: Overlapping absorption lines. • - Chemical interference: Formation of non- volatile compounds. • - Ionization interference: Caused by ionization of analyte atoms. • - Matrix effects: Sample composition affecting results.
• 12.
  Minimizing Interferences • -Use of matrix modifiers. • - Optimize flame and furnace conditions. • - Selection of appropriate wavelength. • - Use of internal standards.
• 13.
  Conclusion • - AASis a powerful tool for elemental analysis in pharmaceuticals. • - Offers high sensitivity, accuracy, and precision. • - Essential for ensuring drug safety and quality.
• 14.
  References • 1. Chatwal,G. R., & Anand, S. K. (2014). Instrumental Methods of Chemical Analysis. • 2. Skoog, D. A., Holler, F. J., & Crouch, S. R. (2017). Principles of Instrumental Analysis. • 3. Relevant scientific journals and online resources.