Ecological characteristics of plant communities can be classified into three main groups: analytical, synthetic, and physiognomic. Analytical characteristics can be analyzed qualitatively or quantitatively and include characteristics like species, stratification, periodicity, vitality, and sociability. Quantitative characteristics include density, relative density, abundance, cover, and frequency. Synthetic characteristics examine presence, constancy, fidelity, and dominance. Physiognomic characteristics describe the physiognomy, pattern, and life forms of plants such as phanerophytes, chamaeophytes, hemi-cryptophytes, cryptophytes, and therophytes.