AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING ARDUINO UNO

AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION
SYSTEM USING ARDUINO UNO
Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Engineering
Polytechnic State of Bandung
2016

Made by :
1.Andika Jamal Nurganda 151611004
2.Putri Sintia Sari 151611021
3.Rizki Verdian 151611025

Instrumentation Lectures and
Supervisor
• Ary Surjanto, ST., MT.
• Drs. Ismail Wellid, MT.
• Muhammad Arman, ST., S.Psi M.Eng.
• C. Bambang Dwi Kuncoro, ST., MT.
• Pratikto, Dr., Drs., MT.

BACKGROUND
Conditions of limited water resources have been impaired as a
result of climate change led to the need of water for agricultural
purposes increasingly competitive. This condition can cause an
imbalance between supply and demand of water for plant. The problem
of shortage or excess of water will cause the plant can not grow and
produce its optimum. Overcoming the lack of water to improve the
productivity and efficiency of irrigation water use, need an effective and
efficient technology implementation for irrigation management. Thus,
the existence of an automatic irrigation system using Arduino Uno
based on microcontroller is expected to be useful to facilitate irrigation
in agriculture especially for greenhouse. Greenhouse is very important
in supporting agricultural productivity due to the greenhouse are
controlled environmental conditions ranging from sun / light, humidity,
temperature and the amount of irrigation.

The purpose in making this project is intended to allow students to:
1. Creating a prototype watering or irrigation system automatically by
utilizing electronic components and instrumentation.
2. Understand the working principle and function of each component
used.
3. Assembling and connecting the circuit to the microcontroller.
4. Using a programming language for sending commands to
components using the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development
Environment).
5. Fulfilling the value of one of the tasks of subjects Instrumentation.
PURPOSE PROJECT

DESCRIPTION PROJECT
Automatic Irrigation System is a prototype for a system of
irrigation or watering automatically based on the Arduino
microcontroller integrated with proximity sensors (Ultrasonic
Sensor), the DC motor and the pump using LED indicator lights.

At first a pump will stream water to hydroponic media cyclical.
When nutrients into the water container, the ultrasonic sensors
mounted in the water reservoir will read the fall of the flow of nutrients
and ultrasonic sensors will turn off the pump and run a DC motor for
stirring the water and nutrients that exist in the container until water and
nutrients mixed (such nutrients obtained from group previous), so the
red LED will light up. When the distribution of nutrients have been
exhausted, the ultrasonic sensor will not read the flow rate or not
functioning. DC motors do not work when the distribution of nutrients
have been depleted, but the pump will work as before and the white
LED will light up as an indicator that the pump is working.
WORK PRINSIPLE

TOOLS AND MATERIALS
Arduino Uno

HC-SR04 is an ultrasonic ranging
module that provides 2 cm to 400 cm
non-contact measurement function.
The ranging accuracy can reach to
3mm and effectual angle is < 15°. It
can be powered from a 5V power
supply.
Ultrasonic Sensor

Relay Module
Direct current motor works
on the principal, when a
current carrying conductor
is placed in a magnetic
field, it experiences a
torque and has a tendency
to move.
Motor DC 12V

Specification :
Power 25watt 50Hz
F.max 1600 L/hr
h.max 1,2m
220-240 v
Mini water pump

Resistor 220 Ohm
PCB Board
LED

Arrangement Step
1. Prepare components, tools, and materials required to make
a prototype.
2. Make a sure that the components are complete and in
accordance with the criteria of the project to be created.
3. Compose the circuit on the PCB matrix according to the
schematic drawings provided.
• Assembling Relay Driver
• Ultrasonic Sensor Arrangement
• Assembling the pump
• Stringing DC motors

• Connect the cable components with female-female and male-female
cable as follows:
a. The series of ultrasonic sensors.
Connect pin trig of ultrasonic sensor to pin 13 on the Arduino. Connect
pin encho of ultrasonic sensor to pin 12 on the Arduino.
b. The series of ultrasonic sensors with the pump.
Stringing ultrasonic sensor to the pump using 1-channel relay (relay
module). Relay module have three pins there are; channel, vcc and gnd.
Channel output of the relay is connected to pin 7 on Arduino. vcc of the
relay is connected to 5volt on Arduino. And gnd of relay is connected to
gnd on Arduino.
c. Mixer circuit.
For mixer circuit uses a DC motor. For supply, because the DC motor is
used only have a voltage of 12 volts, required amplifier performance
should not burden the Arduino, and therefore use a relay module as an
amplifier circuit DC motor. Also uses a 9 volt battery as power supply.
• Connect to power source (power bank) use USB power source on
Arduino Uno.

AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING ARDUINO UNO

DATA ANYLISIS
Range of
Sensor from
flow nutrients
Ultrasonic
Sensor
Pump DC Motor LED
1 cm working not working working red
6 cm not working working not working white
7 cm not working working not working white

CONCLUSION
1. The Arduino Uno is used for easy connection to a jumper cable that
can be directly connected to the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has a
pin that is enough to use on this project. Additionally within the
existing bootloader that will handle uploading of computer programs
that do not need the chip programmer. It is very easy to
manufacture prototype project based irrigation system
microcontroller.
2. Whether or not a system relies on listing program written in the
Arduino IDE.
3. In addition to using the instrument components, the project also
uses electronic components such as LEDs, resistors, etc.
4. It’s important to read the datasheet for each component first so that
no one uses or damage occurs due to inadequate knowledge of the
equipment used.

AUTOMATIC IRRIGATION SYSTEM USING ARDUINO UNO

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