Automotive steering system ppt in steering system

Automotive steering system ppt in steering system

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  Steering System, SteeringLinkages, Power and Power-Assisted Steering Vehicle Steering System Presented By Abrar Muhammed Adithya Arun Vigneshwar
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  The vehicle steeringsystem is a crucial component that enables a driver to control the direction of a vehicle. It allows the driver to change the course of the vehicle by turning the wheels, thereby navigating through roads and corners. Modern steering systems have evolved significantly from early mechanical linkages to more sophisticated power- assisted systems. These systems enhance driver comfort, responsiveness, and safety by reducing the effort required to turn the wheels, especially at low speeds or during maneuvers. Key components include the steering wheel, steering column, rack and pinion (or other types of steering gears), tie rods, and various sensors and control modules in advanced systems. Introduction
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  Direction Control: Allowsthe driver to steer the vehicle left or right, essential for navigating curves, corners, and changing lane .Vehicle Stability: Contributes to the vehicle's stability and handling, maintaining control during maneuvers and at higher speeds Feedback to the Driver: Provides feedback on road conditions and vehicle response, helping the driver adjust for safety and comfort. Assistance Systems: Includes power steering to reduce steering effort, particularly useful in heavy or stationary conditions. Slide 3: Basics of Steering Systems
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  Alignment Maintenance: Helpsmaintain proper wheel alignment for even tire wear, optimal handling, and fuel efficiency. Emergency Maneuvers: Enables quick changes in direction during emergencies, aiding in obstacle avoidance and accident prevention. Integration with Other Systems: Works with suspension and braking systems to ensure overall vehicle performance and safety. Basics of Steering Systems
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  •Manual Steering Systems •Power Steering Systems Typesof Steering Systems
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  Manual Steering Systems Manual steeringsystems, also known as non- assisted steering systems, rely entirely on mechanical linkage between the steering wheel and the front wheels. These systems have been largely replaced by power steering in modern vehicles but are still found in some older vehicles and certain specialty vehicles where simplicity and reliability are prioritized over ease of steering effort. Here are the key characteristics and components of . manual steering systems . Steering Wheel . Steering Shaft . Steering Gearbox or Rack . Pitman Arm or Tie Rods . Manual Control
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  Manual Steering Systems The primaryfunction of power steering is to reduce the effort required by the driver to turn the steering wheel, especially at low speeds or when parking. These are two types of power steering system . Hydraulic Power Steering (HPS): Uses hydraulic pressure generated by a pump driven by the engine to assist steering. Fluid pressure helps move a piston that reduces steering effort. . Electric Power Steering (EPS): Uses an electric motor to provide steering assistance. EPS systems are more efficient and responsive compared to hydraulic systems.
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  Understanding and properlyadjusting caster, camber, and toe settings are essential for optimizing vehicle handling, tire performance, and overall driving dynamics. Automotive professionals use alignment equipment to measure and adjust these parameters according to manufacturer specifications or performance preferences. Steering Geometry
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  Camber:Camber refers tothe angle of the wheels relative to the vertical axis when viewed from the front or rear of the vehicle. It can be positive, negative, or zero. Caster:Caster is the angle of the steering axis when viewed from the side of the vehicle. It is the forward or backward tilt of the steering axis relative to a vertical line. Toe:Toe refers to the angle of the wheels relative to the centerline of the vehicle when viewed from above. It can be toe-in (wheels pointing slightly towards each other) or toe-out (wheels pointing slightly away from each other). Steering Geometry
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  Hydraulic power steering(HPS) works by using hydraulic pressure generated by a pump to assist the driver in turning the steering wheel. How Hydraulic Power Steering Works: Pump: The system includes a hydraulic pump typically driven by the engine via a belt. This pump generates hydraulic pressure. Fluid: Hydraulic fluid is circulated by the pump through hoses and into the steering mechanism. Control Valve: As the driver turns the steering wheel, a control valve directs the flow of hydraulic fluid to either side of the steering mechanism (rack and pinion or steering box). Assistance: The hydraulic pressure generated by the pump assists in moving the steering mechanism, reducing the effort required by the driver. Return: After assisting with steering, the hydraulic fluid returns to the reservoir for reuse. Hydraulic Power Steering
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  enhanced Steering Effort:Hydraulic power steering significantly reduces the amount of physical effort required to turn the steering wheel, especially at low speeds and when parking. Feedback and Feel: Provides better feedback and steering feel compared to some electric power steering systems, which can enhance driver confidence and control. Reliability: Hydraulic systems are generally robust and have been used reliably for many years in various vehicle applications. Performance: Offers smooth and consistent steering assistance across different driving conditions, contributing to overall driving comfort. Advantages of Hydraulic Power Steering
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  Fuel Efficiency: Hydraulicpower steering systems are driven by an engine-driven pump, which can consume a small amount of engine power, leading to slightly reduced fuel efficiency compared to electric power steering systems. Maintenance: Requires regular maintenance, including checking and changing hydraulic fluid, inspecting hoses and belts for leaks or wear, and ensuring proper functioning of the pump and control valves. Environmental Impact: Hydraulic fluids can be hazardous to the environment if not properly disposed of or if there are leaks. Weight: Adds weight to the vehicle due to the hydraulic pump, fluid reservoir, hoses, and related components, although modern designs have minimized this impact. Disdvantages of Hydraulic Power Steering
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  Electro-hydraulic power steering(EHPS) combines hydraulic and electric systems. It uses hydraulic pressure for steering assistance, controlled by electric actuators for better precision. EHPS improves fuel efficiency, provides good steering feel, and adjusts assistance dynamically. It's more complex and may require more maintenance than traditional systems, but offers a balance of reliability and modern control. Electro-Hydraulic Power Steering
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  • Steer-by-Wire • AutonomousVehicle Steering • Emerging Technologies Innovations in Steering Systems
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  Future trends insteering systems are moving towards advancements that enhance efficiency, precision, and integration with vehicle dynamics and autonomous driving technologies. Here are some key future trends: Steer-by-Wire Technology Variable Steering Ratios Artificial Intelligence and Machine LearningEnhanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) Future Trends
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  Modern steering systemsare transitioning from hydraulic power steering (HPS) to electric power steering (EPS) for efficiency and integration with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Previous technologies like HPS provided robustness, while EPS offers precision and energy savings. Future trends include steer-by- wire and AI-driven adaptive features for enhanced safety and driving experience. Conclusion