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Basic armamentarium for minor oral surgery
This document describes various types of instruments used in oral surgery. It discusses different joints, handles, retaining systems and blade tips that are part of surgical instruments. It then categorizes instruments based on their usage, such as for cutting, retracting tissue, grasping or suturing. Specific soft tissue instruments are explained like scalpels, periosteal elevators, tissue retractors, scissors and forceps. Bone instruments include curettes, files, rongeurs, chisels and gouges. Tips are provided for proper use of different instruments.
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Basic armamentarium for minor oral surgery
- 1. BASIC ARMAMENTARIUM FOR MINORORAL SURGERY
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- 3. Lap Joint Box Joint DoubleAction Joint
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- 5. Ring Handle Ring handlewith one extra large Handle Grooved Handle with Horn Grooved Handle Hollow Handle
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- 8. Single Spring withRoller Double Spring with Ball & Socket Double Leaf Spring Sliding Ring
- 9. Cam Ratchet Bar Ratchet Bar& Wingnut
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- 11. Blunt, Blunt Sharp, Blunt FineTip Blunt Blunt, Blunt with Bevel Sharp, Sharp Fine Tip Sharp
- 12. Blunt with RetainingHook Blunt with Rounded Probe End Serrated Dissector End Blunt, One hook End
- 13. Fine Straight Jaw SquareJaw Punch Upward through Cutting Round Jaw Straight on Flat Punch Upward Oblique
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- 15. Surgical instruments aredesigned to perform either diagnostic or therapeutic operations; to locate the cause of a problem, or to treat a problem once it has been found. Each instrument is designed to perform a specific function. Those functions may be generally categorized under one of the following uses: 1. To cut or incise: Instruments used for this purpose are frequently referred to as “sharps”. They include scissors, knives, scalpels, chisels and osteotomes, among others. 2. To retract tissue: Hand-held and self-retaining retractors serve this purpose, as well as instruments such as skin and bone hooks
- 16. 3. To grasp,hold or occlude: These include the many types of forceps, including hemostats, dressing and tissue forceps, as well as bone holding forceps. Also included in this group are needle holders. 4. To dilate or probe: These instruments are used to dilate or enlarge openings or to find an area or foreign object. 5. To cannulate or drain: These instruments including catheters, drains and cannulas, are generally used to drain a wound.
- 17. 6. To aspirate,inject or infuse: These instruments serve to remove unwanted fluids as well as to inject needed fluids into a patient. Among these instruments are syringes, some needles, trocars and cannulas. 7. To suture or ligate: Suture or ligation is used to close or rejoin a wound or an area of operation, e.g., a vessel, a nerve or tissue. There are a variety of sutures and clips, as well as suture needles and ligating instruments.
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- 19. Scalpel Handle #4:To hold scalpel blade Scalpel Blade Seating Area Grooved Grip Area Shank Pattern Number
- 20. Scalpel Blades: fromright to left; # 15, #12, #11, and # 10 Mounted Scalpel Blades on Scalpel Handles
- 21. Disposable Scalpel Clinical Tip:Because scalpel blades dull rapidly after being pressed against bone they should be changed between incisions if more than one flap is to be reflected.
- 22. Periosteal Elevators Molt #9 & Woodson # 1 Seldin
- 23. Clinical Tips forperiosteal Elevators Periosteal elevators are used to reflect mucoperiosteum, to loosen soft tissue from teeth before extraction, and to retract small flaps Pry Stroke: Using the tooth as a fulcrum, the sharp pointed end of the elevator is used to reflect the MPF by first prying the IDP free from the underlying bone. Push Stroke: Using the broad end of the elevator in a push stroke, the attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa are reflected to the desired extent. Pull Stroke: Using the periosteal elevator in a pull stroke can sometimes shred the periosteum.
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- 25. Tissue Retractors: ClinicalTips 1. For small flaps, use the periosteal elevator for retraction 2. For large flaps use Minnesota or Austin retractor 3. Place retractor beneath the flap resting on sound bone 4. Avoid trapping of flap between retractor and bone 5. RETRACT PASSIVELY: no attempt is made to pull the flap out of the field
- 26. Dissection Scissors: Tocut and dissect tissue Blunt, Blunt Tip Beveled Cutting Blade with Regular Cutting Edge Screw Lock (Lap Joint) Shank Finger Rings
- 27. Dissection Scissors Iris: smallsharp-pointed scissors Metzenbaum: longer, delicate, blunt-nosed scissors
- 28. Operating Scissors: Tocut sutures, gauze and other materials Stitch Scissor Operating Scissor
- 29. SCISSORS come ina tremendous variety of styles and sizes. They come in straight, curved and angular versions. Useful Tips in Usage: 1. The curved patterns are preferred by most surgeons for dissecting, since they provide a better field of vision for the areas to be cut. 2. Straight scissors are used when a straight cut is desired, such as in sutures, nerves, vessels. 3. Scissors are also used to spread and probe the area of incision (dissection & undermining tissues). The smaller sizes are used at the surface, the larger sizes deeper in the cavities. 4. Dedicate the different types for their specific purpose for example, using fine dissecting scissors to cut suture can ruin the cutting edge. 5. Special care instructions: To maintain scissors in peak operating condition, they must be sharpened regularly.
- 30. Tissue Forceps: Tograsp and handle soft tissue Serrated tips Jaws Grooved grip area Spring Adson Allis: to grasp and hold tissue that will be excised
- 31. Tissue Forceps: Tograsp and handle soft tissue Russian: is Pickup: is specially useful for grasping teeth that are loose in the useful to handle tissue in the posterior aspect mouth of the mouth
- 32. WEIDER Tongue Retractor:very useful instrument during surgery for impacted lower third molars Jones Towel Clamp Foerster Dressing Forceps Backhaus Towel Clamp
- 33. Hemostat: To clampand restrict bleeders or tissue, to control the flow of blood Fully Serrated Jaws Box Lock Shank Ratchet Finger Rings The hemostat most commonly used in OS is curved hemostat
- 34. Straight & CurvedHemostats The Hemostat has a relatively long delicate peak Hartmann-Mosquito Forceps Halsted-Mosquito Forceps
- 35. Needle Holder: Tohold and guide suture needles securely for suturing Jaws Scissor cutting blades Groove & Crosshatching Box Lock Shank Ratchet Finger Rings
- 36. Needle Holder: ClinicalTips Needle holders are available in many styles and sizes. Shorter ones are used for working close to the surface. Longer ones are for deeper cavities. The smaller the needle, the smaller the jaws of the needle holder. If the needle is too large to be held securely, select a larger size needle holder. Otherwise, the needle may slip, or the needle holder may be overstressed, causing fatigue or breakage Needle Holders Vs Hemostats 1. Needle holders look similar to hemostats, but jaws are thicker and shorter. 2. Face of shorter beak of needle holder is crosshatched to ensure positive grip on needle but hemostat has parallel grooves that do not allow a firm grip on needle.
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- 38. Bone Curette: Tocurette or remove soft tissue from bony cavities Volkmann
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- 40. Bone File: forfinal smoothing of bone before suturing the MPF back into position
- 41. Bone File: ClinicalTips 1. Use the bone file in a pull stroke, because the teeth of the file are arranged in such a fashion to remove bone only in this direction. 2. Avoid cross filing or pushing the bone file, because this results in burnishing and crushing of bone. 3. Carefully Cleanse the instrument by wiping the grooved ends with a sponge. By failure to do this, dust or chips may easily remain in the wound.
- 42. Bone Rongeur: toremove bone by shearing on a planned action
- 43. Bone Rongeur: ClinicalTips 1. Smaller amount of bone should be removed in each of multiple bites but never large amount of bone in a single bite. 2. A constant cleansing of the blades is necessary. 3. Rongeurs are delicate and relatively expensive therefore, NEVER remove teeth with rongeurs.
- 44. Chisels and Gouges:To score, cut, scrape, and sculpt bone
- 45. Chisels and Gouges Osteotomes:To shape and sculpt bone, or section a tooth Chisels: To cut a window in the bone cortex for access or to allow harvesting of pure soft bone Gouges: To scoop away strips of soft bone, especially in bone grafting
- 46. Mallet Stainless steel working end Plasticworking end Shank Phenolic handle
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