Bilateral and Multilateral Organizations in Nepal

INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES IN
NEPAL
Prabesh Ghimire
Health Management

International Agencies
Organization constituted by a government or
formally recognized by governments.
May be bilateral or multilateral
Compiled by: Prabesh Ghimire 2

Bilateral agencies
Government agencies
Operates directly between two countries
Receive funding from government in home countries
Use funding to aid specific developing countries
Fund flows from official sources directly to official sources
in the recipient country.

Multilateral agencies
Organizations formed between three or more nations
Pools funds from multiple governments and parties
Many countries are involved in deciding the priorities and
activities of multilateral agencies
Provide technical and commodity assistance
• Cash grants
• Commodity transfers
• Technical assistance
• Loans

Purpose of international Agencies
Strategic roles
Provide relief and development aid to developing
countries
• To government/INGOs
Policy dialogue, advocacy about structural and policy
change
Technical assistance
Humanitarian assistance

Purpose international agencies
Two broad purposes
Development finance
• Performed by development banks
Technical cooperation
• Undertaken by UN funds and programs

Bilateral Agencies in Nepal
US Agency for International Development (USAID)
Department for International Development (DFID)
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
(GIZ) GmbH
JICA (Japanese International Cooperation Agency)
Korean International Cooperation Agency (KOICA)
Australian Aid
Swiss International Development Agency (SIDA)
Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA)

Multilateral Agencies in Nepal
World Health Organization (WHO)
United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
The World Bank
Global Alliance for Vaccine and Immunization
(GAVI)

Multilateral Agencies in Nepal
Global Fund to Fight against AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria (GFATM)
UNAIDS
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime
(UNODC)
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
United Nations Development Program (UNDP)

Roles and Activities
of
Bilateral Agencies in Nepal

USAID
US government agency
Largest bilateral agency involved in global health efforts
Works in over 100 countries
Leads international development and humanitarian
assistance efforts
• Promote global health
• Support global stability
• Provide humanitarian assistance
• Catalyze innovation and partnership
• Empower women and girls
Supporting Nepal since 1951

USAID- Areas of Focus
Health
Agriculture Food Security
• Feed the Future Seed and Fertilizer Project
• KISAN 2
Education
• Early Grade Reading Program in Nepal
• Emergency Education Response
• GBV free schools in Nepal

USAID- Areas of Focus
Democracy, Human Rights and Governance
• Hamro Samman- against human trafficking
• Stop Girl Trafficking Project
• Sajhedari Bikas- Partnership for Local development
Environment and global climate change
• Hariyo Ban Program
• Digo Jal Bikas
Earthquake reconstruction and Disaster
Resilience

USAID: Areas of Support in Health
Maternal Newborn and Child Health and Nutrition
• SUAAHARA-II, SSBH, SABAL
Family Planning & Reproductive Health
• SIFPO2, FP-FACT, HC3, FSSP, Redbook
HIV/AIDS and STI
Water Sanitation and Hygiene Program
• SUAAHARA II, Safe WASH II, WASH Recovery Activity
Research
• Demographic and Health Survey
• Nepal Health Facility Survey

GIZ
German government agency
Working in Nepal since 1975
Areas of Focus
• Sustainable infrastructure
• Security, reconstruction and peace
• Social development- Health
• Governance and democracy
• Environment and climate change
• Economic development and employment

GIZ: Areas of support in Health
Social health insurance including hospital management
• Support Health Insurance Board in nationwide roll out of Social
Health Insurance
Human resources for health
• Mentoring and coaching on EmONC and facility management
• Midwifery education program
Strengthening governance in health with focus on
federalism and urban health
Health information systems
• HMIS for e-reporting from health facilities
Adolescent health and development

Department for International Development
(DFID)
UK government’s aid program
36 active projects in Nepal on different sectors
Budget for 2018/19: 82 million pound

DFID: Program Areas
Nepal Health Sector Program III (84 million pound)
Family Planning Project (15 million pound)
Nepal Local Governance Support Program
Post-Earthquake Reconstruction in Nepal- Building Back
Better (63 million pound)
Strengthening disaster resilience in Nepal
Building Resilience and Adaptation to Climate Extremes
and Disasters
Rural Water Sanitation Program Phase V

World Health Organization (WHO)
Specialized agency of United Nations
Concerned with international public health
Provides expert guidance and technical
assistance on health related issues
Supports the implementation of health sector
strategy in Nepal

WHO’s work in Nepal
Control of Communicable Diseases
• Tuberculosis, HIV, Malaria, Lymphatic Filariasis,
Leprosy, Trachoma, Kala-azar
 Non-communicable disease control
• Introduction of PEN package
• Health system strengthening, surveillance, risk
reduction…..
Strengthening health systems and health policies

Maternal Adolescent and Child Health
• Technical support to FHD for implementing MPDSR
program
• Network on National Neonatal Database on birth defects
• CB-IMNCI assessment, development of FBIMNCI training
curriculum
• Guideline and manuals on postpartum family planning
Immunization
• National Immunization program
• Full immunization program
• Surveillance: Measles-Rubella, AFP

Post-earthquake health service support
Environment and climate change
• Water quality, health care waste management, climate change, air
quality and chemical safety

World Bank Group
Leading institution for health and development
Provides loan to low resource countries to implement
various development projects in different areas including
health.
189 member countries
Offices in over 130 locations
First economic mission in Nepal-1963
Mission
• End extreme poverty- 3% by 2030
• Promote shared prosperity: increasing incomes of the poorest 40
percent of people

World Bank Group (WBG) in Nepal
Total assistance till date $4.75 billion
 $ 3.48 billion in credits
 $ 1.27 billion in grants
Long term support- Country Partnership Strategy (2014-
2018)
Areas of focus
 Hydropower generation
 Enhancing transport connectivity
 Institutional governance
 Agriculture
 Equalizing access to health care
 Skills development
 Child Protection

WBG- Activities
Nepal Health Sector Management Reform Program (US$
150 million)
Rural water supply and sanitation improvement project
(US$ 72 million)
Nepal Agriculture and food security project (46.5 million)
Community Action for Nutrition Project (Sunaula Hazar
Din) (US$ 40 million)
Zoonoses Control Project (US$ 10 million)
Second Health Nutrition and Population (HNP) and
HIV.AIDS Project

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
 Specialized UN agency
Presence in over 150 countries
Guided by
• ICPD- Program of Action
• Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
 Supporting Nepal since 1971

UNFPA- Priority areas
Sexual and Reproductive Health
• Family planning
• Adolescent SRH services
• Reproductive morbidities including obstetric fistula, pelvic organ
prolapse and cervical cancer prevention
• Integration of SRH services and health response to GBV, including
in humanitarian contexts
Adolescent and Youth
• Comprehensive, gender responsive sexuality education
• Capacity building of teachers
• Information corners,, community learning centers, life skills

UNFPA- Priority Areas
Gender equality and women’s empowerment
• Integration of GBV within health response
• Technical assistance for provision of multi-sectoral
services to survivors
• Life skills education to adolescent girls in and out of
school
• Prevention of harmful practices such as child marriage
and gender biased sex selection

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
Specialized UN agency that leads international efforts to
defeat hunger.
Goal: achieve food security
194 member states, works in more than 194 countries
Supporting Nepal since 1951

FAO Areas of Focus
Food and nutrition security and safety
• Increasing productivity
• Access improvement
• Disaster risk management
Institutional and policy support
• National Food and Nutrition Security Plan
• Long-Term Agriculture Development Strategy
• Strengthening government capacity for research on
agricultural production and trade

FAO Areas of Focus
Natural resource conservation and utilization
• Land management
• Forestry and watershed management
• Adaptation to climate change in agriculture

Reading list
Annual Report; Department of Health Services FY
2073/74
Official website of respective agencies

Bilateral and Multilateral Organizations in Nepal

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