Biography of DR.Br. Ambedkar

Dr. Ambedkar was born on April 14, 1891 in Madhya
and BhimabaiPradesh. He was the 14th son of Ramji
Sakpal Ambavedkar.
B.R Ambedkar belonged to the «untouchable» Mahar
Caste. His father and grandfather served in the British
Army. In those days, the governemt ensured that all the
army children were educated and ran special schools.
This ensured Bhimrao Ambedkar, which would have
otherwise been denied to him by the virtue of his caste.

Ambedkar was a brilliant child. His teacher at school, was impressed and added a
Bhimrao Ambedkar and itsurname to him. It is also said that his earlier name was
was his teacher who made it Ambedkar
and gave him full name as Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar.
Ambedkar and other untouchable children were segregated and given little attention
or assistance by the teachers. They were not allowed to sit inside the class.
Even if they needed to drink water, someone from a higher caste would have to pour
that water from a height as they were not allowed to touch either the water or the
vessel that contained it.

theirIn 1894, Ambedkar’s mother died. The children were cared by
paternal aunt, and lived in difficult cirumstances.
• 3 Sons – Balaram, Anandrao and Bhimrao
• 2 Daughters – Manjula and Tulasa
Only Ambedkar succeeded in passing examinations and graduating to a
high school. His original surname Ambavadekar comes from his native
village «Ambavade».
His Brahmin teacher, Mahadev Ambedkar, who was fond of him,
changed his surname from «Ambavadekar» to his own surname
«Ambedkar» in school records.

In 1897, Ambedkar became the only untouchable enrolled at
Elphinstone High School. In 1906, his marrige was arranged to a 9
year old girl, Ramabai.
In 1912, Dr Ambedkar obtained degree in economics and
political science from Bombay University.
awarded aIn 1913, he moved to United States. Where he had been
Baroda State Scholarship 11.50 $ per month for three years.
Dr Ambedkar recieved the oppourtuniry for postgraduate
education at Columbia University in New York City.

In 1915, Dr Ambedkar passed M.A. exam « Majoring in Economics »
with Sociology, History, Philosophy and Anthropology.
• First thesis – (Ancient Indian Commerce).
• In 1916 - Second thesis – (National Dividend of India).
• Finally received PhD in Economics in 1917 for his third thesis.

Dr Ambedkar was obliged to go back to India as the term of his
scholarship from Baroda ended.
However, he was given permission to return to submit his thesis within four
years. His thesis was on the (Indian Rupee).
Ambedkar came backto London at the first opportunity and
completed his studies.
In 1921, he took Master’s degree and in 1923, he took his D.Sc in
Economics (Doctor of Science)
In 1952, completed his third PhD in Law Ll.D and fourth in 1952 in Columbia.

Dr Ambedkar worked as a private tutor, as an accountant, but itfailed
when his clients learned that he was an untouchable.
In 1918, Baba Saheb became Professor of Political Economy in the
Sydenham College of Commerce and Economics in Mumbai.
He was successful with the students, however other profeesors objected to his
sharing the same drinking-water jug that they all used.

Dr Ambedkar while practicing law in Bombay High Court,
he tried to uplift the untouchbles in order to educate them.
He first organized attempt to promote education and
socio-economic imporvement and Dalit rights.
By 1927 Ambedkar decided to launch active movements
against untouchability.

In 1927, public movements to open up and share public drinking
water resources.
He also struggle for the right to enter Hindu temples.
Ambedkar condemned the classic Hindu Text
(Laws of Manu). Burned copies of the ancient text.
After that, thousands of people burnt copies of
Manusmriti under leadership of Ambedkar.

In 1935, Ambedkar became the principal of the
Government Law College, Mumbai.
Ambedkar in Mumbai, constructed a house, and stocked his
personal library with more than 50.000 books.
His wife Ramabai died, after a long illness in the
same year.

Ambedkar at the Yeola Conversion Coneference, announced
his intention to convert to a different religion and exhorted his
followers to leave Hinduism.
He would repeate the message at numerious public meeting
across India.
In 1936, Ambedkar published his book «Annihilation of Caste» .
It strongly criticised Hindu religious leaders, the caste system in
general.
Afterwards pubblished another book entitled «Who Were the Shudras?» In
which he attempted to explain the formation of Untouchables

In 1952, Baba Saheb contested in the Indian General Election
but lost to the Congress candidates.
Ambedkar became the member of Rajya Sabha, an appointed
member. He tried to enter Lok sabha again in 1954, but was
placed third by Congress.
By the time the second general election was held in
1957, Ambedkar had already passed away.

After 15 August 1947, invited by the Congress
government to serv as the first Law Minister.
On 29 August, he was appointed Chairman of the
Constitution Drafting Committee, charged to write India’s
new Constitution.
Thenew Consitution drafted by Ambedkar was
described as «first and foremost document».

The text prepared guaranteed protections for a wide
range of civil liberties, including:
• Freedom of religion, the abolition of untouchability
and outlawing of all forms of discrimination.
• Economic and Social rights for women.
• Jobs for members of scheduled castes and
other backward class.
The constituion was adopted on 26 November 1949
by the Contituent Assembly.

Ambedkar’s first wife Ramabai died in 1935
following long illness.
After drafting India’s Constituion in late 1940’s
Ambedkar went to Bombay for treatment. He was
suffering from lack of sleep and diabetes.
There he met Dr. Sharada Kabir, whom he married on 15
April 1948 and she too care of him for the rest of his life.

Dr Ambedkar had considered converting to Sikhism. He rejected
the idea after meeting with leaders of the Sikh community and
concluding that his conversion might result in him having as a
«second rate-status» among Sikhs.
Dr Ambedkar studied Buddhism all his life, and around 1950, he
turned his attention fully to Buddhism and travelled to Sri Lanka
to attend meeting of the World Fellowship of Buddhists.

Ambedkar announced that he was writing a
Book on Buddhism, and as soon as it was finished,
he planned to make a formal conversion o Buddhism.
In 1955, he founded the Buddhist Society of India.
He completed his final work, «The Buddha and His Dhamma»,
in 1956 it was published.

•After meeting with the Sri Lankan
Buddhist. Ambedkar organised a
formal public ceremony
•for himself and his supporters.
•Ambedkar completed his own
conversion, along with his wife.
•He then proceeded to convert some
500.000of his supporters who were
gathered around him.

Since 1948, Ambedkar had been suffering from
diabetes.
Three days after completing his final manuscript The
Buddha and his Dhamma, Ambedkar passed away in
his sleep on 6 December 1956 at his home in delhi.
A Buddhist cremation was organised for him on
7 December, attended by halfa million
sorrowing people.

is onA large official portrait of Ambedkar
dispaly in the Indian Parliament building.
Ambedkar was voted as the «Greatest Indian»
in 2012.
cast, making himNearly 20 milion votes were
the most popular Indian figure.

Dr. B.R.
Ambedkar
• “ My Final Words of Advice To You Are
Educate, Agitate And Organize.
Have Faith In Yourself And Learn To Live In This
World With Self Respect.”
• “ I Like The Religion That Teaches:
LIBERTY, EQUALITY&
FRATERNITY.”
• “ It is The Education Which Is The Right Weapon To Cut
Slavery.”
• “I measure the progress of a
community by the degree of progress
which women have achieved.”
• Men are mortal. So are ideas. An
idea needs propagation as
much as a plant
watering. Otherwise
needs
bothwill
wither and die.

Biography of DR.Br. Ambedkar

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Biography of DR.Br. Ambedkar