Bioinformatic databases 2
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Biological databases provide essential information about molecular biology. Some key databases discussed include: - Sequence databases like GenBank, UniProt, and Pfam that contain nucleotide and protein sequences along with functional annotations. These databases also provide tools for analysis. - Structure databases like the Protein Data Bank (PDB) store 3D protein structures. Other structure databases that classify protein domains include CATH and SCOP. - Databases should be well-structured, indexed, periodically updated, cross-referenced with other databases, and provide tools for analysis and visualization of data. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) hosts many comprehensive biological databases.
Bioinformatic databases 2
- 1. Biological Databases Pharmamatrix Workshop 2010 - Philip Winter - Ishwar V. Hosamani
- 2. Some databases in the field of molecular biology… AATDB, AceDb, ACUTS, ADB, AFDB, AGIS, AMSdb, ARR, AsDb,BBDB, BCGD,Beanref,Biolmage, BioMagResBank, BIOMDB, BLOCKS, BovGBASE, BOVMAP, BSORF, BTKbase, CANSITE, CarbBank, CARBHYD, CATH, CAZY, CCDC, CD4OLbase, CGAP, ChickGBASE, Colibri, COPE, CottonDB, CSNDB, CUTG, CyanoBase, dbCFC, dbEST, dbSTS, DDBJ, DGP, DictyDb, Picty_cDB, DIP, DOGS, DOMO, DPD, DPlnteract, ECDC, ECGC, EC02DBASE, EcoCyc, EcoGene, EMBL, EMD db, ENZYME, EPD, EpoDB, ESTHER, FlyBase, FlyView, GCRDB, GDB, GENATLAS, Genbank, GeneCards, Genline, GenLink, GENOTK, GenProtEC, GIFTS, GPCRDB, GRAP, GRBase, gRNAsdb, GRR, GSDB, HAEMB, HAMSTERS, HEART-2DPAGE, HEXAdb, HGMD, HIDB, HIDC, HlVdb, HotMolecBase, HOVERGEN, HPDB, HSC-2DPAGE, ICN, ICTVDB, IL2RGbase, IMGT, Kabat, KDNA, KEGG, Klotho, LGIC, MAD, MaizeDb, MDB, Medline, Mendel, MEROPS, MGDB, MGI, MHCPEP5 Micado, MitoDat, MITOMAP, MJDB, MmtDB, Mol-R-Us, MPDB, MRR, MutBase, MycDB, NDB, NRSub, 0-lycBase, OMIA, OMIM, OPD, ORDB, OWL, PAHdb, PatBase, PDB, PDD, Pfam, PhosphoBase, PigBASE, PIR, PKR, PMD, PPDB, PRESAGE, PRINTS, ProDom, Prolysis, PROSITE, PROTOMAP, RatMAP, RDP, REBASE, RGP, SBASE, SCOP, SeqAnaiRef, SGD, SGP, SheepMap, Soybase, SPAD, SRNA db, SRPDB, STACK, StyGene,Sub2D, SubtiList, SWISS-2DPAGE, SWISS-3DIMAGE, SWISS- MODEL Repository, SWISS-PROT, TelDB, TGN, tmRDB, TOPS, TRANSFAC, TRR, UniGene, URNADB, V BASE, VDRR, VectorDB, WDCM, WIT, WormPep, YEPD, YPD, YPM, etc .................. !!!!
- 3. What we expect from a database..!! • Sequence, functional, structural information, related bibliography • Well Structured and Indexed • Well cross-referenced (with other databases) • Periodically updated • Tools for analysis and visualization
- 4. Biological Databases • Sequence databases • Structure databases
- 5. Sequence databases • Nucleotide databases • Protein databases
- 7. Nucleotide databases • International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC) – NCBI – EMBL – DDBJ
- 8. Standard contents of a sequence database • Sequences • Accession number • References • Taxonomic data • Annotation/curation • Keywords • Cross-references • Documentation
- 9. NCBI • Very comprehensive biological database • GENBANK: The nucleotide sequence database • Provides 42 different resource • Provides a simple and easy to use web interface http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
- 10. • Sequence submission: done using Bankit or Sequin • Search Engine for data retrieval: Entrez • Retrieves information across all the resources under NCBI Example: PubMed, taxonomy, SNP, PubChem etc.
- 11. Tools for analysis • BLAST • Primer-BLAST • B-Link • ORF finder • Genome workbench
- 12. Protein Sequence databases • UniProt • PFAM • Gene Index project
- 13. UniProt • Universal Protein Resource • Formed through the merger of : – SIB – EBI-SwissProt – TrEMBL – PIR-PSD
- 14. • Entry names are often the names of the gene followed by the species. • Accession numbers are of the following format: • e.g. P26367 (PAX6_HUMAN)
- 15. Uniprot features • Blast • Align • Retrieve • ID mapping
- 16. Pfam • Proteins contain conserved regions • Based on the conserved regions, proteins are classified into families • Provides links to external databases like PDB, SCOP, CATH etc.
- 17. Pfam: Features • Sequence search • View Pfam family • View a clan • View a sequence • View a structure • Keyword search
- 18. Gene Indices • Project aimed at indexing genes and their variants in the various genome sequences. • Creating a catalogue of genes in a wide range of organisms • Reduce redundancy
- 19. Gene Indices Software Tools • TGI Clustering tools • Clview • SeqClean • Cdbfasta/cdbyank
- 21. • PDB – Protein Data Bank • CATH • SCOP – Structural Classification of Proteins
- 22. wwPDB • Contains information about experimentally determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex assemblies • RCSB-PDB, PDBe, PDBj, BMRB – repositories of protein structure data • Files in PDB, mmCIF, PDBML/XML formats
- 23. • Advanced search – provides comprehensive information about a protein. • Sequence info, domain info, sequence similarity, literature, apart from the details of the structure. • Cross referenced to SCOP and CATH
- 24. CATH • Classification of proteins based on domain structures • Each protein chopped into individual domains and assigned into homologous superfamilies. • Hierarchial domain classification of PDB entries.
- 25. CATH hierarchy • Class – derived from secondary structure content is assigned automatically • Architecture – describes gross orientation of secondary structures, independent of connectivity • Topology – clusters structures according to their topological connections and numbers of secondary structures • Homologous superfamily – this level groups together protein domains which are thought to share a common ancestor and can therefore be described as homologous
- 26. SCOP • Description of structural and evolutionary relationships between all the proteins with known structures • Uses the PDB entries • Search using keywords or PDB identifiers
- 27. Hierarchy in SCOP • Class • Fold • Superfamily • Family • Species
- 28. Thank you
Editor's Notes
- #8: Each database exchange data every day. Each database has its own sequence submission and retrieval tools They follow a standardized annotation The Collaboration created a Feature Table Definition that outlines legal features and syntax
- #10: Currently, NCBI receives and processes about 20,000 direct submission sequences per month, in addition to the approximately 200,000 bulk submissions that are processed automatically. Collaboration with EMBL and DDBJ
- #11: Database continues to grow at exponential rate. Doubling in size every 10 months Has sequences of 250,000 distinct organisms
- #12: All tools can be downloaded and used on your local workstations as standalone.
- #19: The goal of this project is ultimately to represent a non-redundant view of all human genes and data on their expression patterns, cellular roles, functions, and evolutionary relationships. The database will also include links to genomic sequences, mapping data, 3D structures, and literature references