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Biological warfare
The document discusses biological warfare and biological weapons. It defines biological warfare and provides examples of biological agents like anthrax, smallpox, and botulism toxin. It then discusses delivery methods and lists countries that potentially have biological weapons programs. The document argues that biological weapons are cheap and effective alternatives to nuclear weapons. It also provides a case study about the 2001 anthrax letter attacks in the United States.
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Introductory slide presenting the topic of Biological Warfare.
Definition of Biological Warfare, Bio-terrorism, and Bio-crime, with intent to harm.
Discussion of biological weapons including living organisms and toxins like Anthrax.
Various methods for delivering biological agents including aerosol and food contamination.
List of countries known to possess biological weapons, including the USA and Russia.
Reasons to prefer biological weapons over nuclear weapons.
Biological weapons are cost-effective compared to other types of weapons.
Challenges in detecting biological agents, contributing to their use.
The delayed effects of biological agents complicating response efforts.
Comparison of production and concealment ease of biological weapons.
List of biological agents like Anthrax, Smallpox, and others.
Exploration of primitive techniques used in historical biological warfare.
Introduction to the anthrax letter case linked to Tom Daschle.
Details of anthrax letters sent to media and senators, resulting in deaths and infections.
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Biological warfare
- 1. BIOLOGICAL WARFARE PRESENTED BY- Siddharthmani Tripathi
- 2. WHAT ACTUALLY ISBW? • Biological warfare (BW) — also known as germ warfare — is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi with intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war. • Bio-terrorism Intentional or threatened use of biological agents to cause fear in or actually inflict death or disease upon a large population for political, religious, or ideological reasons. • Bio-crime The intentional introduction of biological agents into food or water or air to harm or kill a number of individuals.
- 3. BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS:- • Consistsof either living organisms that can reproduce, such as bacteria, or viruses, or toxic materials produced by living organisms, such as toxins or physiologically active proteins or peptides. • Viruses – Venezuelan Equine Enchephalitis (Very Lethal) • Bacteria – Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) • Toxins – Staphylococcal Enterotoxin and Botulinum Toxin
- 4. DELIVERY METHODS:- • Gasrelease and aerosol releases via airplanes, submarines, bombs, artillery and missiles • HCN missiles and central burster missiles • Poisoned arrows • Poisoned bullets • Poisoned hand grenades • Poisoned letters • Food delivery: food, coffee, water, creams, juice
- 5. WHO HAS BIOLOGICALWEAPONS? • Algeria •Israel • S. Korea • Canada •Italy •Sudan • China • Cuba •Japan •Syria • Egypt •Libya •Taiwan • Ethiopia •Myanmar •U.K • France • Germany •N. Korea •USA • India •Pakistan •Viet Nam • Iran •Former Soviet •Yugoslavia • Iraq Union •South Africa
- 6. Why to usebiological weapons instead of nuclear weapons?
- 7. • Effective andCheap - 1 gram botulinus intoxication can kill 10 million people. - Purified Botulism is 3 million times more potent than our best chemical weapon. - SCUB Missile filled with Bolulism Toxin would affect an area 16 times greater than our best chemical weapon.
- 8. • Cost Comparison •To Affect 1 Square Kilometer of Area - Conventional Weapons $2000 - Nuclear Weapons $ 800 - Chemical Weapons $ 600 - Biological Weapons $ 1 Biologics are the “Poor Man’s Atomic Bomb”
- 9. • Not EasilyDetectable • They cannot be detected by x-rays, dogs, and most devices, making them easy to transport. • Infected humans can serve as transport devices.
- 10. • Delayed Onset •Onset can be from a few hours to a few weeks after exposure. • Perpetrators can have escaped by then and have protected themselves with vaccines.
- 11. • Easy toHide Production. • Little is Required. • Natural.
- 12. NAME OF SOMEAGENTS:- • Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) • Franciella tularensis (Tularemia) • Variola major (Smallpox) • Botulinum toxin (Botulism) • Yersinia pestis (Plague) • Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers
- 13. IS BIOLOGICAL WARFARETECHNIQUE IS NEW?
- 14. INSTEAD IT ISA PRIMITIVE WAR TECHNIQUE:- • ROMANS: used dead animals to foul enemy’s water. • TARTARS: catapulted dead bubonic plague victims. • BRITISH – FRENCH –INDIAN WAR: gifts of small pox infected blankets were provided by Britishers.
- 15. CASE STUDY!!!! A letter containing anthrax was received by Tom Daschle, the leader of the United States Senate. 23 members of his staff and 5 police officers tested positive with nasal swabs. Citizens begin stockpiling Cipro.
- 16. This is theletter that was sent to NBC anchor Tom Brokaw with cutaneous anthrax and that infected Brokaw's assistant, Erin O'Connor. The envelope is postmarked September 18 from Trenton, N.J. The handwriting is identical to the one sent to the New York Post below postmarked on the same date and sent from the same place. .
- 17. CASE STUDY DETAILS:- •on Tuesday, September 18, 2001, Letters containing anthrax spores were mailed to several news media offices and two Democratic U.S. Senators, killing five people and infecting 17 others. • Two more anthrax letters, bearing the same Trenton postmark, were dated October 9, three weeks after the first mailing. The letters were addressed to two Democratic Senators, Tom Daschle of South Dakota and Patrick Leahy of Vermont. • At least 22 people developed anthrax infections, with 11 of these the especially life-threatening inhalational variety. Five died of inhalational anthrax.
- 18. • The anthraxletters are believed to have been mailed from Princeton, New Jersey. In August 2002, investigators found anthrax spores in a city street mailbox located at 10 Nassau Street near the Princeton University campus. About 600 mailboxes that could have been used to mail the letters were tested for anthrax, and the Nassau Street box was the only one to test positive.
- 19. • The NewYork Post and NBC News letters contained the following note: 09-11-01 THIS IS NEXT TAKE PENACILIN NOW DEATH TO AMERICA DEATH TO ISRAEL ALLAH IS GREAT
- 20. • The envelopesaddressed to Senators Daschle and Leahy had the return address: 4th GradeGreendale SchoolFranklin Park NJ 08852The address is fictitious. Franklin Park, New Jersey, exists, but the ZIP code 08852 is for nearby Monmouth Junction, New Jersey. There is no Greendale School in Franklin Park or Monmouth Junction, New Jersey, though there is a Greenbrook Elementary School in adjacent South Brunswick Township, New Jersey, of which Monmouth Junction is a part.