Biopesticide_market in indian over view .pptx

G.B PANT UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY,
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, PANTNAGAR, UTTARAKHA2ND
Course: Biological Control of Plant Diseases (APP 515)
TOPIC : Formulations and Biopesticides market growth in
India

• Chemicals and their impact
• Pesticide consumption scenario
• Introduction to Biopesticide market
• Global and Indian market overview
• Biocontrol units
• Policies and registration rules
• Constraints in production
• Biopesticide formulation
• Biopesticide Products
• Case study

CHEMICALS ANDTHEIR IMPACT
• Abundant use of chemical pesticides has created many negative impacts
on the environment.
• Increasing public concern about the potential damage of chemicals in
agriculture has challenged industry to develop new and effective pest
management.
• These new strategies must be less harmful to the environment than the
current, chemical-based ones, and they must also safeguard the health of
workers and consumers.

• Bio-pesticides are the formulated form of active ingredients based on
micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes or naturally
occurring substances, including plant extracts and semiochemicals.
• Biopesticides based on micro-organisms may represent an alternative path
in crop protection because of their safety to humans and non-target
organisms.
• There are different kinds of biopesticide active ingredients and each has
specific properties and can be formulated in variety of products.

15
33
26
26
Weed
Disease
Insect
Rodent & Other
LOSSES CAUSED BY PESTS

PESTICIDE CONSUMPTION SCENARIO
According to an annual report by the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, India
(2019–2020), the production or manufacture of chemical pesticides increased from
186,000 metric tons (MT) in 2014–2015 to 217,000 MT in 2018–2019.
Use of unsustainable levels of chemical fertilizers and plant protection chemicals has
resulted in a steady decline in soil and crop productivity the world over.
The FAO also reported that from 2015 to 2018, the share of global pesticide
consumption was 52.2% in Asia, 32.4% in the USA, 11.8% in Europe, 2% in
Africa, and 1.6% in Oceania.
Jitendra Kumar et al.

CONT
…
The per hectare consumption of pesticides by country is highest for
China, followed by the UK, with the least in India.
In India, highest consumption of chemical pesticide state is, Maharastra
(13243 mt) followed by Uttar pradesh (11557 mt) then Punjab (5193
mt) based on the statistics.
It is mandatory to seek alternative methods, especially to increase the
use of biopesticides
Investing in sustainable agriculture is one of the most effective ways to
simultaneously achieve the sustainable development goals related to
poverty and hunger, nutrition and health (earth alive, 2017).
Source - https://ppqs.gov.in/statistical-database

Biopesticides make up a small share of the crop protection market, with a value of
about USD 3 billion worldwide, accounting for just 5% of the total market
The North America biopesticide market was valued at USD 1159.66 million in 2017,
and it is expected to reach USD 2304.2 million by 2023.
The US has the largest share with 80% of the market share.
North America and Mexico is the fastest growing market with 16.4% CAGR during
2018-2023
In the United States market, more than 200 products are available while the European
Union market has only 60 analogues.
Biopesticide use at a global scale is increasing by almost 10% every year.
GLOBAL MARKET REVIEW
https://www.mordorintelligence.com

INDIA BIOPESTICIDE OVERVIEW
 Currently, there are 970 biopesticide products registered with the Central
Insecticides Board and Registration Committee (CIBRC).
 At present 361 biocontrol laboratories and units are working in India, but
only a few of them are involved in the production.
 Statistics of 2021 also show that Rajsthan, West Bengal and Maharashtra
have utilized maximum amount of biopesticides i.e., 1021, 1017 and 934 mt,
respectively.
 Manipur and Goa have used least, 1 and 18 mt respectively.
Source- DPPQ&S

Numbers of Bio-control Laboratories in India:
Fig. An overview of the current structure of biocontrol laboratories and
units working in India
From DPPQ&S

4
% 1
%
29%
66%
Fungal Bacterial Viral
Other
TYPE OF BIOPESTICIDE
The Industries Are Producing Fungal, Bacterial, Viral And Other (Plant-based,
Pheromones) Biopesticides With A Percentage Share Of 66, 29, 4 And 1, Respectively
Jitendra Mishra et al.

GROWTH
 According to a data presented by the Union Ministry of Agriculture, between
2010–2011 and 2016–2017, the all-India consumption of biopesticides increased
from 5151 to 6340 tonnes (by 23% ), while that of chemical pesticides grew
from 55,540 to 57,000 tonnes (only 2%) for the period under review
 While consumption growth from 2016-17 is 7190 MT to 8645 MT in 2020 -21
which is 20.23%
 The biopesticide market has observed a growth and revenue contribution of
26.4% compared to 10.2% growth recorded in total pesticide market during the
period 2010 to 2017.
 So far, now 970 type formulation of biopesticides are available in the Indian
market.
 The compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of biopesticides is 14.1% which
is relatively higher compared to CAGR of synthetic pesticide (4.8%).
Yashoda nandan tripathi et al.

 According to a report of the Department of Agriculture Cooperation and Ministry of
Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, the consumption of biopesticides has increased
from 219 tonnes in 1996–1997 to 683 tonnes in 2000– 2001 and further
to around 3000 tonnes in 2015–2016 and 8645 MT in 2020 – 2021.
 In 2016, the Indian biopesticide market was USD 70.45 million, and it is growing
with a CAGR of 17.08%
 The speed of development of biopesticide industry in India is not very impressive;
it contributes only 3% of the pesticide market in India.
Yashoda Nandan Tripathi et al

7190 7174 7203
8847 8645
3000
2000
1000
0
4000
10000
9000
8000
7000
6000
5000
2016-17 2017-18 2019-20 2020-21
CONSUMPTION
OF
BIOPESTICIDES
(MT)
2018-19
YEAR
Fig. Consumption of biopesticides in India during last 5 years (Source: data obtained from
DPPQS, Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, Government of India)

ESTIMATED DEMAND OF BIOPESTICIDE
10447 10409
9725
10852
11054
2016-17 2017-18 2019-20 2020-21
Demand
of
Biopesticide
in
metric
tonn
2018-19
YEAR
Source - States/UTs Zonal Conferences On Input (Plant Protection) Source- DPPQS

Increasing Area Under Organic Cultivation
 According to the Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, the area
under organic cultivation in India was 1.5 million hectare in 2016, And
1.9 million hectare in 2018 which increased to 2.3 mhac in 2019.
 According to the Government of India, the area under organic farming
covered across the country under the schemes Paramparagat Krishi
Vikas Yojana (PKVY), Mission Organic Value Chain Development for
North Eastern Region (MOVCDNER) and National Programme of
Organic Production (NPOP) is 23.02 lakh hectares.
 As on 31st March 2021 total area under organic certification process
(registered under National Programme for Organic Production)
is 4339184.93 ha (2020-21). This includes 2657889.33 ha cultivable
area
and another 1681295.61 ha for wild harvest collection.
TRENDS
Source- https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-
reports/india-biopesticides-market-industry

Increasing usage of biopesticides
 The Government of India has banned around 46 pesticide that are widely
used across the country to control plant pests.
 While 4 Pesticide formulations banned for import, manufacture and use
 5 Pesticide formulations banned for use but continued to manufacture for
export.
 For Example, the export of rice to European countries from India plunged
by
40% in 2018 as the rice samples failed to meet the minimum residue level in
the European region. This is likely to boost the usage of biopesticides in the
country.
Source- https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-
reports/india-biopesticides-market-industry

Government agencies
Data derived from DPPQS: Production units
Southern region
 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore
 Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI)
 Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore
 Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad
 Directorate of Oilseed Research (ICAR),Hyderabad
 Kerala Agricultural University (KAU), Kerala are known to have dedicated
biopesticide production units.
Northeast region
 Assam Agriculture University
 Central Agricultural University, Manipur are producing biopesticides against invasive
pests.
Source- DPPQS

In north,
• Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi,
• G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology (GBPUA&T),
Uttarakhand
Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Punjab
• Central Institute for Subtropical
Horticulture,
• Directorate of Plant Protection Quarantine
& Storage in Lucknow, which works
under The Central Integrated Pest Management Centre are the major
government agencies involved in manufacturing of biopesticides.

PRIVATE FIRMS
In India, most of the biopesticide production takes place in public sector units. It is estimated
that the public sector contributes to almost 70% of the biopesticides production. Major
companies are-
Biotech International Ltd. (New Delhi), Gujarat Chemicals and Fertilizers Trading Company,
Baroda
International Panaacea Ltd, New Delhi Gujarat Eco Microbial Technologies Pvt. Ltd., Vadodara
Ajay Biotech (India) Ltd, Pune, Chaitra Agri Organics, Mysore
Bharat Biocon Pvt. Ltd. (Chhattisgarh), Deep Farm Inputs (P) Ltd.
Microplex Biotech & Agrochem Pvt (Mumbai), Kan Biosys Pvt. Ltd., Pune
Hindustan Bioenergy Ltd., Lucknow. Indore Biotech Inputs & Research Pvt. Ltd., Indore
Jai Biotech Industries, Satpur, Nasik, Romvijay Biotech Pvt. Ltd., Pondichery Neyattinkara,
Kerala
Ganesh Biocontrol System, Rajkot, Devi Biotech (P) Ltd., Madurai,
T. Stanes & Company Ltd., Coimbatore Harit Bio Control Lab., Yavatmal

PESTICIDEWISE CONSUMPTION OF
INDIGENOUS PESTICIDES
BIO-PESTICIDES 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
Azadirachin 945.12 109.31 113.50 134.51 117.10
Bacillus Subtilis 1.90 22.10 21.00 21.00 22.62
Bacillus Thuringiensis 163.97 87.93 81.33 82.99 108.50
Beauveria Bassiana 407.82 345.26 407.97 180.75 174.26
Metarhizium anisopliae 413.74 314.00 305.41 36.10 23.07
Neem based insecticides 397.04 338.34 376.16 184.91 565.90
NPV (H) 167.10 35.54 179.70 351.90 144.10
NPV (S) 2.59 48.25 298.50 0.39
Paecilomysis 63.86 57.49 55.00 35.63 60.74
Pseudomonas fluorescens 503.29 599.60 371.95 401.22 592.68
Trichoderma Harzianum 57.74 381.43 10.67 23.80 10.00
Trichoderma Spp. 346.69 21.00 234.82 215.28 969.00
Trichoderma Viride 567.34 790.63 449.78 582.69 660.99
Verticillium Chlamydosporium 0.07
Verticillium lecanii 347.59 321.98 290.15 107.65 86.42
Other Bio-pesticides 0.07
Sub total (Bio-Pesticide) 4385.79 3472.92 3195.94 2358.89 3535.38
Source- DPPQS

 The Insecticide Act (1968) (amended in 2000) is the only legislation under
the Indian Government which governs the import, manufacture, sale,
transport, distribution, and use of all types of insecticides, including
biopesticides.
 In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 36 of the Insecticides Act, 1968 (46
of 1968), the Central Government, after consultation with the CIB made
insecticides Rules, 1971, which governs the manufacture, grant of a license, expiry
of the license, product labeling, packaging, sale and use of insecticides.
 In the case of chemical pesticides RC grants registrations, only after the data is
provided on the efficacy and safety of products to human beings and animals.
REGISTRATION/REGULATION

 But in the case of biopesticides, shelf-life, cross contamination, moisture
content, and packaging is considered.
 In 2015 the government also passed a bill known as the Insecticides
(Amendment) Bill, 2015.
 Guidelines/data requirements for minimum infrastructure facilities and the
same for the registration of biocontrol products under Sections 9 and 9 (B)
are being governed by RC of CIB.
 Based on the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Co- operation and
Development (OECD), the CIB should not only streamlined the guidelines and
data requirements for registration but should also mention the minimum
infrastructural facilities required for the production of biopesticides.

POLICIES
• In India for the first time, National Agriculture Policy (2000) was announced
on 28th July 2000. The policy emphasized on adequate and timely supply of
certifed seeds, fertilizers, plant protection chemicals, and biopesticides to
farmers.
• National Programme for Organic Production (NPOP) was launched in the
year 2001 by Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development
Authority (APEDA) under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry,
Government of India.The institutional framework for accreditation and
certifcation of organic agriculture was the major highlight of NPOP

28
• The Department of Agriculture & Cooperation, Ministry of Agriculture introduced
Organic Farming Policy in 2005.The policy included organic sources of nutrients like
biofertilizers, organic manures, compost, and biocontrol agents (biopesticides) as
certifed inputs for organic farming.
• National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) also started its
capital investment subsidy scheme “Strengthening and Modernization of Pest
Management Approach in India’ (SMPMA) which provided fnancial assistance for
setting up of Bio-fertilizers/Bio-pesticides units as back-ended subsidy of 25%
restricted to 4 million rupees

29
• The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) under the National Action
Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), which was related to the issues of “Sustainable
Agriculture,” was launched in the year 2010. The third mission intervention of NMSA
was related to pest management, and it emphasized incentivizing research, commercial
production, and marketing of biopesticides.
• “Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana” (PKVY) have also been initiated for promoting
organic farming through the adoption of organic villages by cluster approach and
Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) certification.

 Initially high investment in capital needs to be made right from the screening
stage to select potential strains for sales and then also packaging, storage, and
distribution.
 High costs for the registration of biopesticides
 Biopesticides low shelf life is a major concern for farmers.
Major constraints

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS:
 In March 2020, Marrone Bio Innovations signed an agreement with Anasac
(Chile) to develop and distribute Grandevo and Venerate bioinsecticide in
Chile.
 In March 2020, Andermatt Biocontrol AGs’ Madex Top product was approved
to be used in Sweden and Israel, to control codling moth in pome fruit
orchards.
 In February 2020, Stockton Bio Ag signed a distribution agreement
with ADAMA Agricultural Solutions Ltd. (Israel), which is a crop protection
company for the distribution of its biofungicides, namely, Regev and Hybrid,
in the market.

 In March 2019, Syngenta AG launched its first bioinsecticide, Costar, in
Portugal. The formulation is based on the strain of Bacillus spp., for use in more
than 50 crops in European countries.
 In July 2019, a new biological insecticide named Velifer was launched by BASF
SE for pest control in vegetable crops, which was registered for use in Australia.

Biocontrol agents registered in India :
1. Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis
2. Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki
3. Bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae
4. Bacillus sphaericus
5. Trichoderma viride
6. Trichoderma harzianum
7. Pseudomonas fluoresens
8. Beauveria bassiana
9. NPV of Helicoverpa armigera
10. NPV of Spodopteralitura
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(10): 3931-3946

BIOPESTICIDE FORMULATIONS :
• Formulation refers to the preparation of a product from an active ingredient
by the addition of certain active and non-active substances (Gerwal, 2005).
• The formulation process leads to a final product by mixing the microbial
component with different carriers and adjuvants for better protection from
environment and greater survival.
• Application of products must be easy, economical, effective and timely to the
appropriate site of action.

Four basic function of formulation :
• Stabilize organism during distribution and storage.
• Ease in handling and application.
• To protect agent from harmful environmental factors.
• To enhance activity of the organisms at the target site.

• Regarding their physical state, biopesticide formulations can be divided
two :
1) Liquid formulations
2) Dry formulations
1) Liquid formulations:
a) Emulsions
b) Suspension concentrates (SC)
c) Oil dispersions (OD)
d) Suspo-emulsions (SE) and capsule suspensions (CS)
e) Ultra low volume formulations

2) Dry Formulations :
a) Dusts (DP)
b) Seed dressing formulations –
Powders for seed dressing (DS)
a) Granules (GR) and micro granules (MG)
b) Dry formulations for dilution in water – Water dispersible granule(WG)
Wettable powders (WP)

 Dusts (DP) :
a) Formulated by sorption of an active ingredient on finely ground, solid
mineral powder (talc, clay, etc.) Particle size ranges from 50-100
micrometer.
b) Inert ingredients for this formulation are anticaking agents, ultra violet
protectants and adhesive materials to enhance adsorption
c) Concentration of active ingredient (organism) in dust is usually 10%.
 Powders for seed treatment (DS) :
a) Formulated by mixing an active ingredient, powder carrier and
accompanying inert material to facilitate product adherence to seed coats.

 Granules (GR) :
a) Similar to dust formulations, except that granular particles are larger
and heavier.
b) Coarse particles (size range 100-1000 microns for granules and 100-
600 microns for micro granules) .
c) Made from mineral materials (kaolin, attapulgite, silica, starch,
polymers, dry fertilizers and ground plant residues) (Tadros, 2005).
d) Concentration of active ingredient (organisms) in granules ranges from
5-20%.
 Wettable powders (WP) :
a) Dry, finely ground formulations to be applied after suspension in water.
b) Produced by blending an active ingredient with surfactant, wetting and
dispersing agents and inert fillers, followed by grinding to a required
particle size (about 5 microns).

 Water dispersible granules (WG) :
A) Have been developed to overcome problems of dustiness of powder
formulations.
B) Designed to be suspended in water, i.e. Granules break up to form
uniform suspension similar to that formed by a wettable powder.
C) Relatively dust-free, and with good storage stability.
D) The products contain wetting agent and dispersing agent similar to
those used in wettable powders,
 Emulsions :
a) Consist of liquid droplets dispersed in another immiscible liquid(droplet
size ranges from 0.1 to 10 µm).
b) Emulsion can be oil in water (EW), which is a normal emulsion, or water
in oil (EO), an invert emulsion.
c) Both products are designed to be mixed with water before use.

 Suspension concentrate (SC) :
a) Mixture of a finely ground, solid active ingredient dispersed in a liquid
phase, usually water.
b) The mixture needs to be agitated before application to keep particles
evenly distributed.
c) The composition of suspension concentrate is complex and it contains
wetting/dispersing agents, thickening agents, antifoaming agents, etc. to
ensure a required stability.
 Oil dispersions (OD) :
a) Dispersions of solid active ingredients in non-aqueous liquid intended
for dilution before use.
b) The non-aqueous liquid is most often an oil, the best choice is some kind
of plant oil.

 Ultra low volume liquids (UL) :
a) These are formulations with very high concentration of active
ingredient which is extremely soluble in crop-compatible liquid (ultra
low volume liquid).
b) UL products are not intended for dilution with water before use.
c) Contain surface active agents and drift control additives.

MATERIALS AND METHODS :
 Koppal and Ballari districts were selected for study.
 list of two talukas from each district were selected.
 Koppal district- Koppa and Gangavati.
 Ballari district- Hosapete and Hagaribommanahalli.
 two villages from each taluka were randomly selected for the study.
 The primary data for the year 2018 were gathered from 120 farmers’ respondents
(60 from each district) with the help of pre-tested questionnaire.
 Analytical tools like tabular analysis and simple average were used indicating the
characteristic like buying behaviour, brand preference, sales strategy, marketing
cost, constraints, etc.

CONCLUSIONS :
•The results indicated that, company marketing officers involved around
only 9% for advertisements for promoting their products. Hence, it is
recommended that company marketing officers should be very aggressive
in the market to penetrate their products in the minds of customers.
•There is enough scope to promote the products from the dealers/retailers
as they are the primary source of information and consultant to the farming
community through the training programs.

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