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Bipolar Mood Disorder
- 1. BIPOLAR MOOD DISORDER (BMD) PREPAREDBY MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, SSRCN, VAPI MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 1
- 2. BIPOLAR MOOD DISORDER •It is characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression in the same patient at different times. • Patient experiences extreme highs (mania or hypomania) alternating with extreme lows (depression), • Onset: between 20 to 30 • Symptoms sometimes appear in late childhood or early adolescence. MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 2
- 3. CLASSIFICATION • F31.0- bipolaraffective disorder, current episode hypomania • F31.1- bipolar affective disorder, current episode mania without psychotic symptoms • F31.2-bipolar affective disorder, current episode mania with psychotic symptoms • F31.3-bipolar affective disorder, current episode mild or moderate depression • F31.4-bipolar affective disorder, current episode severe depression without psychotic symptoms • F31.5-bipolar affective disorder, current episode severe depression with psychotic symptoms • F31.6-bipolar affective disorder, current episode mixed MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 3
- 4. ETIOLOGY •Precise cause unknown •Genetic,biochemical and psychological factors may play a role •May be triggered by stressful events, antidepressant use •Sleep deprivation and hypothyroidism MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 4
- 5. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSOF BIPOLAR MOOD DISORDERS • Manic phase: • Expansive, grandiose or hyperirritable mood • Increased psychomotor activity, such as agitation, pacing • Excessive social extroversion • Rapid speech with frequent topic changes • Decreased need for sleep and food • Impulsivity • Impaired judgment MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 5
- 6. • Depressive phase: •Low self-esteem • Feelings of hopelessness, helplessness, worthlessness, apathy or self-reproach • Difficulty concentrating or thinking clearly • Psychomotor retardation • Anhedonia • Suicidal ideation MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 6
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- 8. DIAGNOSIS •Based on signsand symptoms •Based on DSM-5 criteria MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 8
- 9. TREATMENT Lithium Valporic acid Carbamazepine Antidepressants Antipsychotics (ifnecessary) MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 9
- 10. COURSE •Average manic episode-lasts for 3-4months •Average depressive episode- lasts for 4-9 months MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 10
- 11. RECURRENT DEPRESSIVE DISORDER •Characterizedby recurrent depressive episodes. •The current episode is specified as mild, moderate and severe, without psychotic symptoms, with psychotic symptoms. MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 11
- 12. PERSISTENT MOOD DISORDER Classification •F34.0-Cylcothymia •F34.1- Dysthymia •F34.0- Other persistent disorders •F34.0- Persistent mood disorder, unspecified MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 12
- 13. CYCLOTHYMIA • It ischaracterized by short periods of mild depression alternating with short periods of hypomania, between the depressive and manic episodes, brief period of normal mood occur. • Both depressive and hypomanic phases are shorter and less severe than those in bipolar I or II disorder. MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 13
- 14. ETIOLOGY •Genetic factors- family historyof bipolar mood disorder, major depression, substance abuse or suicide in many paitents. MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 14
- 15. CLINICAL FEATURES OFCYCLOTHYMIA Hypomanic phase • Insomnia • Hyperactivity and physical restlessness • Irritability and aggressiveness • Grandiosity or inflated self- esteem • Increased productivity, creativity Depressive phase • Insomnia or hypersomnia • Feelings of inadequacy • Decreased productivity • Social withdrawal • Loss of libido or interest in pleasurable activities • Lethargy • Suicidal ideationMRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 15
- 16. DIAGNOSIS •Based on DSM-5criteria MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 16
- 17. TREATMENT Lithium Carbamazepine Valporic acid Verapamil Various antidepressants Individualpsychotherapy Couple or family therapy MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 17
- 18. NURSING INTERVENTIONS Explore waysto help patient cope with frequent mood changes Encourage vocational opportunities that allow flexible hours Encourage patients with artistic ability to pursue their talents as a creative outlet MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 18
- 19. DYSTHYMIA •It refers tomild depression that lasts at least 2 years in adults and 1 year in children. •Twice as common in women as in men •More prevalent among poor and unmanrried. MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 19
- 20. ETIOLOGY •Below –normal serotoninlevels •Increased vulnerability when multiple stressors and personality problems are combined with inadequate coping skills’ MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 20
- 21. CLINICAL FEATURES OFDYSTHYMIA PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS • Persistent sad, anxious, or empty mood • Excessive crying • Increased feelings of guilt, helplessness, hopelessness PHYSIOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS • Weight or appetite changes • Sleep disturbances • Reduced energy level MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 21
- 22. DIAGNOSIS •History •Mental status examination •Basedon DSM -5 criteria MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 22
- 23. TREATMENT •Short-term psychotherapy •Behavioural therapy •Grouptherapy •Antidepressants such as SSRIs, TCAs, specially for patients who exhibit pessimism. MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 23
- 24. Follow up, home careand rehabilitation MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 24
- 25. You can referfollowing link also • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KSvk8LLBo2g&t=89s • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CDK50WQEOJc • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_HpUAJFt4Og • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3qVUWtq6aY • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KXgXZ5bdzbE • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o4QCbsLbFEI • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zNF6-rW-POQ&t=117s MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 25
- 26. MOVIES RELATED TOBMD MRS. DIVYA PANCHOLI 26
- 27.