Birth control presentation final

Birth control presentation final

• 1.
  The Cultural Significanceof the Scientific Innovation Of Birth ControlYang Jiao, DojiKuwahara, Maryam Syed and KushangVashi
• 2.
  Outlook on Contraception“Nowoman can call herself free who does not own and control her own body. No woman can call herself free until she can choose consciously whether she will or will not be a mother.” ~Margaret Sanger
• 3.
  Margaret SangerNurseBirth controladvocate since 1914Strongly believed in women’s rights to birth controlOpened first birth control clinic in 1916 1942 – Planned Parenthood Federation of America1960s – contraceptive distribution more widely accepted
• 4.
  The Making of“the pill”Previous use of contraceptivesMargaret SangerGregory PincusKatharine McCormickJohn Rock“Every night and every morn some to misery are born. Every morn and every night some are born to sweet delight. Some are born to sweet delight, some are born to endless night.” ~William Blake
• 5.
  Use of Contraceptivesand the LawComstock Act of 1873President Ulysses S. GrantAmendment 1Amendment 5Amendment 9Amendment 14Griswold v. ConnecticutCase against Doctor
• 6.
  Expectations of Women“Shehesitated as though it took all her courage to say it, ‘what can I do to prevent it?’” (Sanger 91)WWIIBaby boomersLeave it to BeaverImage of the ideal womanFemininity Women’s rights
• 7.
  The Duggars
• 8.
  Why so manychildren?Michelle got pregnant while on the pillA few months later, Michelle miscarried.They decided to use no contraceptives and let God decide how many children they would have.Conservative Christians
• 9.
  The BibleChildren aregifts of God (Genesis 4:1)Children are heritage from the Lord (Psalm 127:3-5)Children are blessings from God (Luke 1:42)Children are a crown to the aged (Proverbs 17:6)God blesses barren women with children (Psalm 113:9)What about birth control in general?
• 10.
  Birth Control inthe BibleThere is one passage that relates to birth control.Er is killed by God for being wickedOnan, Er’s brother is to marry Tamar (Er’s wife)They have sex; used withdrawal method.God then smites Onan for doing so.
• 11.
  Judaism ViewJudaism Lawprohibits destroying or wasting of seed.Prohibiting of withdrawal, condoms and vasectomies.Pills, patches, injections, and implants are accepted.But, condoms are acceptable when one has an incurable sexually transmittable disease.
• 12.
  Muslim ViewContraceptives areaccepted in the Islamic culture when necessary.Unaccepted types: surgical sterilization and withdrawal.Sex only within marriage for expression of love.When is birth control acceptable?Rest between pregnanciesSTDHealth requires itFinancial aspects
• 13.
  What about today?76%of Americans are Christians1.3% of Americans are Jewish0.5% of Americans are MuslimBUT 98% of Americans are thought to have used birth control at least once in their lives.Views have changed since their religious laws have been established.
• 14.
  19th Century Viewson Contraception (Physicians)Close-MindedHarmfulFear of Domestic DutiesAbortion vs. ContraceptionMoral Dilemma
• 15.
  Great DepressionLimit FamilySizeAdvertisement/MediaContraceptive Industry Generated RevenueCultural Phenomena
• 16.
  Literary Influence onBirth ControlBrave New World ( 1932)Hills Like White Elephants (1927)Doctor Zay (1882)Other Novels by Phelps
• 17.
  21st Century Viewson Contraception (Physicians)More Open-MindedBenefit PatientsTechnological AdvancementPrefer Abstinence
• 18.
  Technological AdvancementsNew formsof Birth Control:IUDCervical CapContraceptive SpongeLunnelle injectionOrtho Evra PatchNuvaRingCannot prevent STI’sNon-Accessible
• 19.
  Effectiveness of BirthControl Methods Most Effective: Vasectomy, Female SterilizationHighly Effective: Shot, Pill, RingModerately Effective: Male Condom, DiaphragmLeast Effective: Withdrawal and Spermicide
• 20.
  Birth Control Pills(Oralcontraceptives)Most common method More than 70 Million women worldwide 70% of users are girls under 30 years
• 21.
  Progress with “thepill”Developed in the 1950s.Contain the female hormones estrogen and progesteroneTested on human volunteers in Puerto RicoPregnancy prevention reached a level close to 100 percentIn May 1960 . FDA approved
• 22.
  Social SignificanceSexual liberationof women ( Moral debate) STD Prevalent Family planning Promote gender equality and autonomy of women Improve marriageControl the world population