Border Moulding in Complete Denture Prosthesis

Border Moulding
 The shaping of an impression material by the
manipulation or action of the tissues adjacent to the
border of impression.
 Purpose:
Shape of the border of the tray is made to conform
accurately to the contours of limiting structures.

Materials
1. Green Stick Impression Compound
2. Elastomaric Impression Material
( Polyether)

3. Impression Waxes
4. Silicon Material

Other Requirements
 Special Tray
 Bunsen Burner
 Warm Water
 Cold Water
 Scalpel
 Gloves
 Mask
 Syringe( in case of polyether)
 Adhesive material in case of polyether

Technique
 There are two techniques of border moulding :
 Sectional / Incremental border moulding :done by green stick
impression compound
 Single step / Simultaneous border moulding: done by-Polyether(commonly used)
- Impression Waxes
-Silicon Material

Procedure
Sectional method
2
• Green stick compound is softened over flame till it begins to
droop .
1
• At first the flange of custom tray should be
reduced until they are 2mm short of the
Reflection .

3
• Add softened green stick compound along the portion of
the tray when the border is intended to be refined.
4
• The material should be tempered with warm
water before placing intraorally.

5
• The labial vestibule is refined first followed by buccal vestibule and
posterior palatal seal and functional movement carried out In this
area.
6
• After border moulding the moulded section is immersed in cold
water.
7
• Evaluate the retention and stability of border moulded tray.

Functional Movement:
In Maxilla:
Labial flange :-
(a)Active movement : Patient is asked to
do puckers, open wide, grimaces, smile.
(b) Passive movement : Outward,Downward
& Inward.

Buccal flange :-
1.Buccal frenum area: Performed Unilaterally
(a)Active: patient is asked to pucker the lip
and smile
(b)Passive: The Cheek is elevated and pulled
outward , downward & Inward and Move
backward and forward.

2.Distobuccal area: This Should Be
Performed Bilaterally.
(a)Active: Patient is asked to
open Wide ,Close and
Move the mandible from
Side to side.
(b)Passive: The cheek is
pulled outward , downward
and inward.

Posterior Lateral Hamular Notch :-
Active and passive : Move the mandible right and
left & opening the mouth wide and closes
against hand on chin.
Posterior Vibrating Line :-
Active movement: Observe line when patient
saying “ ah” and record this line or area
and we can see a butterfly shape border
seal at the junction of hard and soft palate.

Sequence of border moulding maxilla (a) Labial flange (b) Buccal flange (c)
distobuccal flange (d) posterior palatal seal area.

In Mandible :
Labial Flange :-
(a) Active: Patient is askes to do movement of
lips- puckers , sneers, open wide ,
grimaces, smile.
(b) Passive movement : Outward, upward,
inward.

Buccal flange :-
1.Buccal Frenum area: can be performed
unilaterally
(a)Active: Patient is asked to Pucker and Smile
(b)Passive:The Cheek is lifted Outward,upward,
inward and move back and forward.
2.Distobuccal area: Performed bilaterally
Passive: The cheek is pulled buccally
to ensure it is not engage in tray and
the moved upward and inward.

Messeteric Notch :-
Active movement: The patient closes against the
hand on the chin.
Retromolar pad :-
Active Movement: The patient is asked to wide open
and close against the hand on the chin.
Retromylohyoid Fossa :-
Active Movement: Push compound on fossa area, the
patient is asked licks the lower lip and
right and left cheek & swallow.

Lingual flange :-
1. Anterior lingual flange:
Active: Patient is asked to protrude the
tongue and then push the tongue
against anterior part of the plate.
2.Middle Portion Of the Lingual Flange: Performed
bilaterally
Active: patient is asked to protrude the
tongue and tip of the tongue touches
alternatively the right and left cheek.

3.Distolingual Flange : Performed Bilaterally
Active: Patient is asked to protrude the tongue and
then place the tongue in the distal part of the plate
and patient is also asked to close and opening the
mouth.

Sequence of border moulding mandible (a) labial flange (b)Buccal Flange
(c) Disto buccal area including messeteric notch (d) anterior lingual
flange (e) middle portion of lingual flange (d) distol ingual flange

Procedure
Simultaneous Method
1
• An adhesive is applied on the outer surface and inner border of the tray and inner
border of the tray.
2
• The wax spacer along the periphery of the tray is scrapped off.
3
• Polyether impression material is mixed using less amount of catalyst to increase the
working time.

4
• The mix is then loaded in the syringe .
5
• The material is syringed along the border of the tray and contoured
using wet finger.
6
• The patient should be seated in upright position and the lips and
cheeks are retracted and the tray is placed on the mouth.

7
Deficiencies in the vestibule can be filled using excess material from
other area.
8
Then passive movement in maxilla and mandible should be carried out.
9
• After the border moulding when polyether impression material sets
then the tray is removed.
10
The borders are examined for deficiencies and over extension.

Verification
 Border should be rounded and shiny except posterior
palatal seal area.
 Posterior palatal seal area should be matted .
 If border of the tray shows, it indicates under
extension .
 If the tray protrude through the material it indicates
overextension.

Tray Preparation After Border Moulding
1
Wax spacer is removed to provide space for the
impression material.
2
0.5-1 mm of tracing material is removed from outer
inner and top surface of the border.
3
Material over the posterior palatal seal is not
removed.

4
Green stick compound is removed using a scalpel and polyether is
removed using either scalpel or bur.
5
Holes are drilled in all types of custom Trays to provide escape ways
for the final impression material. They Can be drilled over the relief
areas just to ensure an undistorted impression.

Work done By us in Prosthodontics Department,DDCH

References:
1. Prosthodontic Treatment For Edentulous Patient
By-ZARB.HOBKIRK.ECKERT.JACOB (13th Edition)
2. Prosthodontic Treatment For Edentulous Patient
By-ZARB.HOBKIRK.ECKERT.JACOB (12th Edition)
3. Textbook Of Prosthodontics
By- V RANGARAJAN. TV PADMANABHAN (1st Edition)
4. Textbook Of Prosthodontics
By- DEEPAK NALLASWAMY

Border Moulding in Complete Denture Prosthesis

Border Moulding in Complete Denture Prosthesis

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Border Moulding in Complete Denture Prosthesis