Brief Introduction to REST

Brief Introduction to REST

• 1.
  REST Representational State Transfer
• 2.
  whoami Colin Harrington ●[email protected] ● [email protected] ● http://colinharrington.net ● @ColinHarrington
• 3.
  History HTTP :: HyperTextTransfer Protocol Tim Berners-Lee :: 1990s Foundations of the Web OSI Layer 7 Application Layer Protocol
• 4.
  History REST :: RepresentationalState Transfer 2000 Doctoral Dissertation by Roy T. Fielding http://www.ics.uci.edu/~fielding/pubs/dissertation/top.htm "Roy Thomas Fielding (born 1965) is an American computer scientist[1], one of the principal authors of the HTTP specification, an authority on computer network architecture[2] and co-founder of the Apache HTTP Server project." (Wikipedia) http://roy.gbiv.com/ @fielding
• 5.
  History - REST Architecture: ● Client-Server ● Stateless + Cacheable ● Uniform Interface + Layerable Data: ● Resources, identifiers & metadata ● Representation & metadata ● Control Data { headers } Elements: ● {clients, server, resolver, cache} ● Gateways, proxies, user agents ● URL, URI, Schemes
• 6.
  REST REST is abuzzword and a movement but it symbolizes a coherent usage of the web (HTTP) as it was designed REST ~ HTTP done right.
• 7.
  Resources Uniform Resource Identifiers(URI) <scheme>:<scheme-specified-structure> ● ftp://example.org/resource.txt ● urn:issn:1535-3613 ● mailto:[email protected] Uniform Resource Locator (URL) scheme://domain:port/path?query_string
• 8.
  HTTP Methods/Verbs HEAD, GET,OPTIONS => considered "safe" PUT, POST, DELETE => possibly destructive TRACE, DEBUG => Considered harmful curl -v http://www.google.com GET / HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: curl/7.21.0 Host: www.google.com Accept: */*
• 9.
  Accept Headers ::Client GET / HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: curl/7.21.0 Host: www.google.com Accept: */* Accept: application/xml Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml, application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8, application/json
• 10.
  HTTP Status Codes 200- OK 301 - Moved permanently 302 - Moved temporarily 404 - Not Found 500 http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2011 16:07:53 GMT Expires: -1 Cache-Control: private, max-age=0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1
• 11.
  http://homestarrunner.com/404d
• 12.
  Representations JSON Example ● XML { "firstName": "John", "lastName" : "Smith", "age" : 25, ● JSON "address" : { "streetAddress": "21 2nd Street", "city" : "New York", ● HTML "state" : "NY", "postalCode" : "10021" }, "phoneNumber": ● XHTML [ { "type" : "home", "number": "212 555-1234" ● RDF }, { "type" : "fax", "number": "646 555-4567" ● Text ] } } ● Custom Formats
• 13.
  Content Negotiation Request: Accept Header Accept: application/xml Accept-Language Accept-Encoding Response: Content-Type: text/json Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml, application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8, application/json
• 14.
  Cacheability HTTP Cache Headers ● Expires ● Cache-Control ● ETag ● Last-Modified ● Pragma no-cache Proxy & Network path.
• 15.
  CRUD Create :: POST Read :: GET Update :: PUT Delete :: DELETE * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/630453/put-vs-post-in-rest
• 16.
  Hypermedia Linking to other resources / media HTML documents, resources loosely coupled Images, CSS, favicon, etc. Like this image -> http://cuip.uchicago.edu/~cac/images/Hypermedia.jpg
• 17.
  Who http://www.programmableweb.com/ Amazon Web Services {S3, EC2, SQS, RDS, FPS, etc.} Just to name a few...
• 18.
  Resources This guy explainsREST in to his non-technical wife: http://tomayko.com/writings/rest-to-my-wife Good article on how to REST with curl: http://blogs.plexibus.com/2009/01/15/rest-esting-with-curl/ Poster -- the Firefox plugin: https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/poster/ You'd probably learn best by actually making some RESTful calls. Pick a service that is free and RESTful and play around with it. I'd recommend using http://www.twilio.com/ just because they offer you $30 in free credit and you get to make, receive and control real phone calls.
• 19.
  Thank You