BS PRESENTATION.pptx all concept about disabilities

BS PRESENTATION.pptx all concept about disabilities

• 1.
  • INTELLETCUAL DISABILITY NIDAIMTIAZ ROLL NO. 04
• 2.
  Nature of intellectualdisability  An intellectual disability formerly referred to as “Mental retardation” is characterized by a combination of deficits in both cognitive functioning and adaptive behavior.  The severity of intellectual disability is determined by the discrepancy between the individual’s capabilities in learning and in the expectations of the social environment.  Mental retardation/ intellectual disability is a term used when a person has certain limitations in mental functioning and skills such as communicating, talking care of himself/herself and social skills.  These limitations cause a child to learn and develop more slowly than a typical child.  Mental retardation/intellectual disability in DSM – IV – TR is an axis II disorder criteria that includes: *Intelligence test scores * Adaptive functioning *Age of onset
• 3.
  Definition of intellectualdisability  Significantly sub-average general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits In adaptive behavior and manifesed during the development period,that adversely affects a child educational performance.  The disability originates before the age 18.
• 4.
  Skills:- • Conceptual skills:-language and literacy,money,time and number concepts, and self direction. • Social skills:- interpersonal skills,social responsibility,self- esteem,gullibility, social problem solving,and the ability to follows rules/obey laws and to avoid being victimized. • Practical skills:- activities of daily living(personal care),occupational skills, health care,travel/ transportations, schedules/ routines,use of Money, safety,use of telephone.
• 5.
  Severity Of IDbased on the levels of intellectual functioning • Mild IQ 55----69 • Moderate IQ 40----54 • Severe IQ 25----39 • Profound IQ below 25
• 6.
  Prevalence Of IntellectualDisability  Intellectual disability is the most common development disability.  Approximately 6.5 million peoples in united state have an intellectual disability.  In the Philippines, intellectual disability comprises 7.02% of total population of person with disabilities.
• 7.
  Etiology and calcificationsof intellectual disability Prenatal causes Perinatal cause Postnatal causes Chromosomal disorders Anoxia(complete deprivation of oxygen) Biological Inborn errors of metabolism Low birth weight (LBW) Psychosocial Development disorders of brain formation Syphilis and herpes simplex Child abuse and neglect Environmental influences
• 8.
  Prenatal causes  ChromosomalDisorders:- * Congential intellectual disability * Involves heart defecs, hearing loss and abnormalities of hand and fingers *manifest self injuries behavior *Unusual facial features *Low birth weight and poor growth *Hyperactive and aggressive and repetitive movements * Also referred to as trisomy 21 * people with DS exhibits unusal facial features with broad hand and shorts fingers *Sterility in men *skeletal abnormalities *infants are lethargic and have difficulty eating but eventually becomes obsessed with food as they grow * Turner’s syndrome found in females has webbing of neck Puffiness and swelling of hands and feet *Fragile X syndrome in this peoples haVe unusual face features.
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    Cornelia delange syndrome fragile X syndrome William syndrome
• 10.
  👀  Turner’s syndrome Prader willi syndrome
• 11.
   Development disordersof brain formation  Microcephalus Hydrocephalus
• 12.
  Environmental influences Maternal malnutritionand infection Fetal alcohol syndrome FAS
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  . Anoxia Low birth weight Syphilisand herpes simplex
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  Postanal causes  Environmentaland psychosocial Problems Nutrition problems Child abuse and neglect