buccinator mechanism
- 1. The Buccinator MechanismThe Buccinator Mechanism Dr. KAPIL SAROHA BDS, MDS ORTHODONTICS AND DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPAEDICS www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 1
- 2. CONTENTSCONTENTS INTRODUCTION ORO-FACIAL MUSCLES BUCCINATOR BUCCINATOR MECHANISM ROLE IN MAINTAINING ARCH FORM AND TEETH POSITION ROLE IN MALOCCLUSION USE IN TREATMENT OF MALOCCLUSION CONCLUSION www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 2
- 3. IntroductionIntroduction The muscles of oral region are involved in functions of swallowing , respiration and speech . They not only affects the physical and aesthetic appearance but also influences the dental and skeletal components of an individual . www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 3
- 4. it is believed that abnormal posture and function of oro-facial muscle may be causative or at least contributory to formation of dental malocclusion Hence muscle of oro-facial region are of great importance to one of the main aims of orthodontics that is to achieve structural balance and harmony. Which is achieved only when there is harmony between jaw , teeth and muscles . www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 4
- 5. Facial musclesFacial muscles They can be classified as – Muscles of mastication – Muscles of facial expression Circumorbital muscles Nasal muscles Oro-facial muscles www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 5
- 6. They constitute to form the modiolus Modiolus literally means “ hub of wheel” It forms the mesial boundary of occlusal table These muscles are important for facial expression and also in maintaining posture of various facial structures Any abnormality in these muscles function can lead to skeletal or occlusal problems www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 6
- 8. BuccinatorBuccinator It is a quadrilateral muscle between maxilla and mandible it forms the mobile and adaptive substance of cheek origin Arises from outer surface of alveolar process of maxilla and mandible opposite third molar teeth and posteriorly attached to pterygomandibular raphe www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 8
- 10. Insertion Anterior buccinator fibers converge towards the modiolus near the buccal angle The central fibers decussates so that it continues into the orbicularis oris muscle While the highest and lowest fibers enter into the corresponding lips www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 10
- 11. ActionsActions It draws the corner of the mouth laterally pulling the lips against the teeth and flattens the cheek It aids in functions like swallowing , blowing etc keeps cheek in close contact with teeth so prevents pocketing of food between teeth and the cheek www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 11
- 12. Buccinator mechanismBuccinator mechanism Starting with the decussating fibers of the orbicularis oris the buccinator runs laterally and posteriorly around the corner of the mouth it inserts into the pterygomandibular raphe just behind the dentition Here it mingles with the fibers of superior constrictor which attaches to pharyngeal tubercle of occipital bone Thus completely encircling the face www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 12
- 14. Strong inter-dependence occur between bone and muscle although bone is one of the hardest tissues in body it is one of the most responsive to change whenever there is an alteration to in environment balance. The most important in this environment balance is the musculature The teeth and supporting structures are constantly under influence of contiguous musculature buccinator and lips and lips on other side www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 14
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- 16. Role of buccinator mechanism inRole of buccinator mechanism in maintaining arch form and teethmaintaining arch form and teeth positionposition The integrity of dental arches and the relationship of the teeth to each other within each arch and with opposing members are result of morphogenetic pattern as modified by stabilizing and active function forces of muscle the tongue on one side and lips and cheek on other side www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 16
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- 18. Importance of pressure from lips and cheek can be derived from a case of cancrum oris . Here there was an ulceration followed by gangrenous distribution of buccal mucosa . As the cheek was destroyed the teeth began to move outwards under the unopposed pressure from the tongue www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 18
- 19. Similarly in case of un-repaired cleft lip one often sees proclination of incisors although in buccal segments where cheek are normal teeth are in normal relationship www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 19
- 20. Another concept was given by Wifred fish of neutral zone - acc to him the teeth occupy a dead space in mouth in a state of equilibrium . The inwards pressure by cheek and lips is balanced by the outward pressure of tongue www.drdentiste.com The dental arch form is determined early in fetal life and form of basal arch does not change. It is believed as long as total pressure acting on teeth is balanced the position of teeth is stabilized Saturday, February 11, 2017 20
- 21. Use of buccinator mechanismUse of buccinator mechanism in correcting malocclusionin correcting malocclusion Alfred Paul Rogers was first to recommend use of muscles to correct malocclusion Myofunctional appliance depend on oro- facial muscle for their function Its essence was to use muscle activity as a primary source for resolution of malocclusion www.drdentiste.com Saturday, February 11, 2017 21
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