Building information modeling

BIM – Definition
o The American Institute of Architects (AIA) defines BIM as “a model-based
technology linked with a database of project information”
o Three-dimensional, virtual representation of a design project
o It adds 4th dimension of time and 5th dimension of cost to the 3D model
o “Cloud” allows different members of cross-functional team to work on the
project
o It covers
o Geometry
o Spatial relationships
o Geographic information
o Quantities and
o Properties of building components.

Some Key Terms:
 CAD
 3D BIM
 4D BIM
 5D BIM

History of BIM
 First conceptual idea by Douglas C. Englebart in 1962
 Earlier modeling software created based on SAGE graphical interface and
Ivan Sutherland’s Sketchpad program in 1963
 Main solid modeling methods of 1970s and 1980s
 constructive solid geometry (CSG)
 boundary representation (brep)
 ArchiCAD developed in 1982 is the first BIM software made available in
personal computer
 Building Design Advisor, developed at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab in
1993.
 Revit – First developed in 2000 by Charles River Software in Cambridge

BIM used in various phases of a project
BIM
Planning
Design
ConstructionOperation
Sustainment

Advantages of using BIM
 Interoperability
 Improved visualization
 Improved productivity and quality
 Increased coordination of construction documents
 Embedding and linking of vital information such as
vendors for specific materials, location of details and
quantities required for estimation and tendering
 Increased speed of delivery
 Reduced costs

USES OF BIM
Collaboration and
Access
Simulation Visualization
• Clash detection
and coordination
• Conceptual design
and feasibility
evaluation
• Field management
• Time management
• Cost estimation
• Mechanical
simulation
• Air and fluid flow
• thermal comfort
• Energy analysis
• Structural analysis
• Design
• Rendering

Illustration of Rendering
 Rendering
 Model Graphics Style

Structural analysis
Load distribution in a floor
Analysis of bending moment

Application of BIM in Structural Engineering
Arpit A. Bhusar, Ashish R. Akhare
Model creation Conversion for analysis
Model in Robot Structural Analysis Analysis results

Simulation of
light, solar and
energy in
model

2. Infrastructure
1. Construction
4. Oil and Gas
3. Manufacturing
Plant
5. Utilities

Examples of BIM Software
 Revit by Autodesk
 ArchiCAD by Graphisoft
 Microstation by Bentley System
 Tekla by Trimble®

Basic Approaches to Conversion of CAD to BIM
 CAD programs create 2D line-work, and they are
incompatible with BIM solutions that create 3D models. As
a result, we will need to be prepared for exchange data
between these systems.
 The basic choices of conversion should be based on the
purpose of the model
 Functional correctness
 Visual accuracy

Building Information Modeling (BIM): Trends, Benefits,
Risks, and Challenges for the AEC Industry
Salman Azhar, Ph.D., A.M.Asce
 In this paper, current trends, benefits, possible risks, and
future challenges of BIM for the AEC industry are discussed.
The findings of this study provide useful information for
AEC industry practitioners considering implementing BIM
technology in their projects.
 Case studies have been conducted on this regard and the
possible applications are being discussed based on the
results

Benefits of BIM:
 Up to 40% elimination of unbudgeted change
 Cost estimation accuracy within 3% as compared to
traditional estimates
 Up to 80% reduction in time taken to generate a
cost estimate
 A savings of up to 10% of the contract value
through clash detections, and
 Up to 7% reduction in project time.
Stanford University’s Center for Integrated Facilities Engineering reported the above benefits of BIM (cited in CRC
Construction Innovation 2007)

Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Safety:
Automatic Safety Checking of Construction Models and
Schedules
Sijie Zhang, Jochen Teizer a, Jin-Kook Lee, Charles M. Eastman, Manu Venugopal
 This paper contributes in solving this problem by applying
automated safety rule checking to Building Information
Models (BIM)
 Algorithms that automatically analyze a building model to
detect safety hazards and suggest preventive measures to
users are developed for different cases involving fall related
hazards.
 The safety area reviewed is fall protection

Roles of building simulation tools in sustainable building
design
Zhiqiang (John) Zhai , James S. McNeill
 This paper discusses the methods used for building
simulation for sustainable design such as
 Building energy modeling
 Computational fluid dynamics
 Life cycle assessment
 Lighting modeling
 life cycle cost (LCC) model

Building performance modeling for
sustainable building design
Olufolahan Oduyemi , Michael Okoroh
 The research demonstrates the relevance of BIM software
(Autodesk Revit) in sustainable design analysis tools such
as Ecotect in sustainable design criteria.
 Steps used to develop and enhance the BIM enabled
Building Performance Model for thermal analysis
 Site description
 The building
 Selection of sustainable design indicators.
 Baseline analysis for summer and winter solstice
 Running what if scenarios using improved roof insulation,
improved glazing type and insulation to window and
occupancy level.

Conclusion
 BIM is an innovative way to virtually design and
manage projects
 Predictability of building performance and operation
is greatly improved
 BIM accelerates collaboration within project teams
which will lead to
 improved profitability
 reduced costs
 better time management and
 improved customer–client relationships

Reference - Articles
 CAD & BIM: Is There A Free Pass? A Report on GRAPHISOFT
ArchiCAD’s DWG Workﬂow
 Juan Franco, Faiza Mahdi , Hussein Abaza , Using Building Information
Modeling (BIM) for Estimating and Scheduling, Adoption Barriers,
Universal Journal of Management , 2015
 Rebekka Volk , Julian Stengel, Frank Schultmann , Building Information
Modeling (BIM) for existing buildings — Literature review and future
needs, Automation in construction, Elsevier, 2014
 Salman Azhar , Wade A. Carlton , Darren Olsen, Irtishad Ahmad ,
Building information modeling for sustainable design and LEED®
rating analysis, Automation in construction, Elsevier, 2011

Reference - Websites
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_Information_Modeling
 [Images] http://www.autodesk.com/solutions/bim/overview#industry-
buildings
 http://sustainability.autodesk.com/wpcontent/uploads/2015/09/BIM-
Analysis.jpg
 http://forums.autodesk.com/autodesk/attachments/autodesk/133/84716/
1/Clip_1093.jpg
 http://staticdc.autodesk.net/content/dam/autodesk/www/products/aut
odesk-revit-family/responsive-center/images/features/structural-
analysis-autodesk-revit-large-1152x648.jpg
 [Articles] www.elsevier.com/locate/autcon
 http://www.springer.com/engineering/civil+engineering/journal/12273
 http://www.viejournal.com/content/1/1/13
 http://www.archdaily.com/302490/a-brief-history-of-bim
 http://sustainabilityworkshop.autodesk.com/buildings/building-
performance-analysis-bpa

Building information modeling

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