More Related Content
Similar to Building Sanitation.pptx
Building Sanitation.pptx
- 1.
- 2. TERMINOLOGIES TERMINOLOGIES • Wastewater: Waterwhen used for different purposes like domestic, commercial, industrial etc., receives impurities and become wastewater. Thus it is used water and has physical, chemical and biological impurities. • Sewage: wastewater contain human excreta • Sullage: wastewater from bathrooms and kitchen that does not contain human excreta • Plumbing/Drainage System: It is entire system of pipeline for providing water supply to the building or it is a system of pipes for disposal of wastewater from the building.
- 3. TERMINOLOGIES • Sewer: Apipe carrying sewage /wastewater is called sewer. • Soil Pipe: It is pipe carrying sewage from W.C. • Vent Pipe: A vertical pipe that provides circulation of air to and from the drainage system. • Stack: A general term used for any vertical line of soil, waste or vent piping. • Cleanout: An access opening to allow cleanout of the pipe. • Waste Pipe: It is a pipe carrying sullage from bathrooms, kitchen, sinks, wash basins, etc.
- 4. • Sewerage System:A system of sewers of different types and sizes in a town collecting wastewater from the town and carrying it to the wastewater treatment plant. • Sanitary sewer: A Sewer pipe that carries only sewage. • Storm Sewer: A sewer pipe that carries storm water or other drainage (excluding sewage) • Building sewer: Part of the drainage system from the building • Sewer Main: A sewer pipe installed and maintained by public entity and on public property TERMINOLOGIES
- 5. COMPONENTS OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM •Pipes • Traps • Sanitary Fittings • Chambers Presentation title 5
- 6. PIPES • Soil Pipe:It is pipe carrying sewage from W.C. • Vent Pipe: A vertical pipe that provides circulation of air to and from the drainage system. • Waste Pipe: It is a pipe carrying sullage from bathrooms, kitchen, sinks, wash basins, etc. • Antisiphonage Pipe: Installed to preserve the water seal in the trap through proper ventilation PIPE TYPE DIAMETER Soil Pipe 100 MM Waste Pipe Horizontal 30-50 MM Waste pipe vertical 75 MM Rainwater pipe 75 MM Vent pipe 50 MM
- 7. TRAPS • These fixturehave water seal which prevent sewer gas from passing back into the occupied space of building. Essentially all plumbing fixture must be equipped with internal or external trap. P-trap exit in the wall behind sink Q-trap is used in toilet under water closet S-trap is used with Siphonage pipe
- 8. TRAPS Based on use,traps are classified: • Floor trap (Nahani trap): to admit sullage from floors of rooms, bathrooms, kitchen etc. into the sullage pipe. The opening is provided with cast iron or tainless steel or galvanized gratings at its top to prevent entry of larger matter reducing chances of blockage • Gully trap: provided at a junction of a roof drain and other junctions coming from kitchen and bathrooms. • Intercepting Trap: provided at a junction of a house sewer for preventing entry of foul gases of municipal sewer in to the house drainage system.
- 9. SANITARY FITTINGS • WashBasin: Used for handwashing • Sinks: used for cleaning utensils • Water Closet: it’s a pan like water flushed plumbing fixture designed to remove human excreta directly and dispose the same in soil pipe through trap. • Urinals: A bowl attached to a wall into when men urinate
- 10. BASIC PRINCIPLES OFDRAINAGE
- 11.
- 12. TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Twopipe system • Best system of plumbing • Two sets of vertical pipes, one for excreta or soil pipe and another for sullage as waste pipe. • The soil pipe as well as waste pipes are separately ventilated by providing separate vent pipe or anti- siphonage pipe. This system has 4 vertical pipes.
- 13. TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Onepipe system • Instead of using two separate pipes for excreta and sullage, only one vertical main pipe is provided, which collects both night soil and sullage water. • The main pipe is ventilated at the top, in addition, a separate vent pipe is also provided. This system has two vertical pipes.
- 14. TYPES OF DRAINAGE SYSTEMS Singlestack system: • This system is having a single pipe for soil, waste and vent without any separate ventilation pipe. • It uses only one pipe which carries night soil as well as sullage and the same pipe is extended upto 2 m above roof level with a cowl to act as vent pipe for removal of gases. Partially ventilated Single stack system: • This is an improved form of single stack system, where the traps of water closets are ventilated, by a separate vent pipe, called relief vent pipe.This system uses two pipes as in single pipe system. • The single soil and waste pipe is connected to vent pipe and thus cost is reduced.
- 15. GREY WATER RECYCLING Greywater flows to surge tank where it is filtered through coarse filter. Then it is pumped to sand filter Then to disinfected and then pumped to grey water tank and now this can again be used for flushing purpose.
- 16.
- 17.