C++ programming function

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Functions allow code to be reused by defining formulas that can be called from different parts of a program. Functions take in inputs, perform operations, and return outputs. They are defined outside of the main body with a function prototype, and can be called multiple times from within main or other functions. This document demonstrates how to define a FindMax function that takes in two numbers, compares them, and returns the maximum number. It shows function prototypes, defining the function outside of main, and calling the function from within main to find the maximum of two user-input numbers.

Introduction
 Use of function
 Calling a formula defined by user
 Input & Output depends on type of function

 Not included in main body

 Can be called many times

Most read

4

Calling Function
Example 2

int main()
{
int num1, num2;
cout<<"Please enter a number :";
cin>> num1;
cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :";
cin>> num2;
FindMax(num1, num2); //calling function

system ("PAUSE");
return 0;
}

Defining Function
 Outside main body
Example 3

void FindMax(int x, int y){
int maxNum;
if (x>=y)
maxNum=x;
else
maxNum=y;
cout<<"Maximum number is : "<<maxNum <<endl;
}

Using reference variable
 The Prototype:
 void FindMax(double, double, double&);

 The Calling:
 FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum);

 The Defining:
 void FindMax(double x, double y, double& maxNum)

 maxNum: a value edited in main function

• Compare Example 2

Example 4

int main()
{
double num1, num2, maxNum;
cout<<"Please enter a number :";
cin>> num1;
cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :";
cin>> num2;
FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum); //calling

system ("PAUSE");
return 0;
}

Go to DevC++

Looping Function
 Just insert function in loop to call as needed
 Looping with returned value :
 Declare return value
 Send value to function

 Write a loop
 Example :
 Using while loop to keep comparing numbers

Example 5

char next;
while(true){
cout<<"n('n' to exit')Compare with next number? :";
cin>> next;
if(next=='n')
break;
cout<<"Okay!nPlease enter the next number :";
cin>> num1;
num2 = maxNum;
FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum);
}

Function Prototype
 After #include<iostream>
 Before int main()

Example 1

# include <iostream>

void FindMax(int, int); //prototype

using namespace std;
int main()

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Fp201 unit5 1rohassanie

The document discusses functions in C++. It defines a function as a block of code that performs a specific task. There are two types of functions: built-in functions provided by the language and user-defined functions created by the programmer. The components of a function include the function header, body, parameters, return type, local variables, and return statement. Functions can pass arguments either by value or by reference. The document provides examples of built-in and user-defined functions as well as examples demonstrating call by value and call by reference.

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The document discusses C++ functions. It defines what functions are and their uses in breaking down problems into smaller tasks. There are two types of functions: standard functions that are part of the C++ language and user-defined functions. A function has a signature defining its return type and parameters. Functions are declared and defined in two steps - declaration and implementation. Data can be shared between functions through parameters, which come in two varieties: value parameters that copy argument values, and reference parameters that can modify the original argument values.

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The document provides an overview of functions in C++. It discusses declaring functions with prototypes specifying the return type and parameters. It also covers defining functions by providing the body enclosed in curly braces. Functions are called by specifying the name and passing arguments for any parameters. Parameters can be passed by value, where a copy is made, or by reference, where changes to the parameter also affect the argument. The document uses examples to demonstrate declaring, defining, calling, and passing arguments to functions. It also discusses default parameter values and recursion.

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C++ programming function

1. Function

2. Introduction  Use of function  Calling a formula defined by user  Input & Output depends on type of function  Not included in main body  Can be called many times

3. Function Prototype  After #include<iostream>  Before int main() Example 1 # include <iostream> void FindMax(int, int); //prototype using namespace std; int main()

4. 4 Calling Function Example 2 int main() { int num1, num2; cout<<"Please enter a number :"; cin>> num1; cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :"; cin>> num2; FindMax(num1, num2); //calling function system ("PAUSE"); return 0; }

5. Defining Function  Outside main body Example 3 void FindMax(int x, int y){ int maxNum; if (x>=y) maxNum=x; else maxNum=y; cout<<"Maximum number is : "<<maxNum <<endl; }

6. Using reference variable  The Prototype:  void FindMax(double, double, double&);  The Calling:  FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum);  The Defining:  void FindMax(double x, double y, double& maxNum)  maxNum: a value edited in main function

7. • Compare Example 2 Example 4 int main() { double num1, num2, maxNum; cout<<"Please enter a number :"; cin>> num1; cout<<"Great!nPlease enter a second number :"; cin>> num2; FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum); //calling system ("PAUSE"); return 0; } Go to DevC++

8. Looping Function  Just insert function in loop to call as needed  Looping with returned value :  Declare return value  Send value to function  Write a loop  Example :  Using while loop to keep comparing numbers

9. Example 5 char next; while(true){ cout<<"n('n' to exit')Compare with next number? :"; cin>> next; if(next=='n') break; cout<<"Okay!nPlease enter the next number :"; cin>> num1; num2 = maxNum; FindMax(num1, num2, maxNum); }

10. END

C++ programming function

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