Cancer Risk Factors

Cancer Risk Factors

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  CANCER Risk Factors ByDr Vikas Goswami www.cancercross.in
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  Introduction Cancer may regardedas a group of diseases characterized by an Abnormal growth of cells Ability to invade tissue and even distant organs The eventually death of the affected patient if the tumor has progressed beyond the stage when it can be successfully removed. www.cancercross.in
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  Major categories ofcancer Carcinoma: Arises from the epithelial cells lining the internal surface of various organs (e.g. mouth, esophagus, uterus) Sarcoma: Arises from the mesodermal cells constituting the various connective tissues (e.g. fibrous tissue, bone) Lymphoma, Myeloma and Leukemia: Arising from the cells of the bone marrow and immune system www.cancercross.in
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  Cancer Patterns There arelot of international variations in the pattern of cancer which are attributed to a number of factors such as:- • Environmental factors • Food habit • Lifestyle • Genetic factor • Inadequacy in detection and reporting of cases www.cancercross.in
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  Environmental Factors Tobacco: Tobaccoin various forms of usage can cause cancer of lungs, larynx, mouth, pharynx, esophagus, bladder, pancreas and probably kidney Cigarette smoking is now responsible for more than 1 million death each year. Alcohol: Excess intake of alcohol can cause esophageal and liver cancer Beer consumption may be associated with rectal cancer Alcohol contributes about 3 % of all cancer deaths. www.cancercross.in
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  Dietary factors • Smokedfish is related to stomach cancer. • Dietary fiber to intestinal cancer . • Beef consumption to bowel cancer . • High fat diet to breast cancer . • Food additives and contaminants have fallen under suspicion as causative agents. www.cancercross.in
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  Occupational exposures • Theseincludes exposure to benzene, cadmium, arsenic, chromium, vinyl chloride, asbestos, polycyclic hydrocarbons, etc. • The risk of occupational exposure is said to be increased if the individual also smokes cigarette • Occupational exposure is usually reported 1-5% of human cancer www.cancercross.in
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  Virus • Hepatitis B& C - hepatocarcinoma • HIV infection – kaposi’s carcinoma • AIDS – non Hodgkin’s lymphoma • Epstein – bar virus – Burkitts lymphoma and naso – pharyngial carcinoma • Cytomegalovirus – Kaposi’s Sa • Pappiloma virus – cervix cancer • Human T cell leukemia virus – T cell leukemia www.cancercross.in
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  Virus • Hepatitis B& C - hepatocarcinoma • HIV infection – kaposi’s carcinoma • AIDS – non Hodgkin’s lymphoma • Epstein – bar virus – Burkitts lymphoma and naso – pharyngial carcinoma • Cytomegalovirus – Kaposi’s Sa • Pappiloma virus – cervix cancer • Human T cell leukemia virus – T cell leukemia www.cancercross.in
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  Parasite Parasite: • May bea cause of cancer • Schistosomiasis can produce Ca of bladder Customs, habits and life style: • May be associated with an increased risk of cancer • Smoking and lung cancer • Tobacco and beetle chewing and oral cancer Others: • Sunlight, radiation, water and air pollution, medication and pesticides These are related to cancer as environmental factors www.cancercross.in
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  Genetic factors • Geneticinfluences have long been suspected. • Retinoblastoma occurs in children of the same parent. • Mongols are more likely to develop leukemia. • There is probably a complex relationship between hereditary susceptibility and environmental carcinogenic stimuli in the causation of cancer. www.cancercross.in
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  Most common cancer •Lungs cancer (12.3%) • Breast cancer (10.4%) • Colorectal cancer (9.4%) • Respiratory tract cancer is most common site of cancer in India, Indonesia, Srilanka and Thailand • Cancer of cervix is most common in India and Indonesia • Cancer associated with tobacco constitute 44.6% of cancer in men and 20% in female www.cancercross.in
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  India….. • The fourmost common cancer in India are • Male-oropharynx, esophagus, stomach and lower respiratory tract • Female-breast, cervix, oropharynx and esophagus • Tabaco is used widely used in India91% cases of oropharynx is due to Tabaco use • 60% cases in female are breast, cervix and ovary cancer. www.cancercross.in
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  Thank You !! www.cancercross.in